ABSTRACT
Dual-modal magnetic resonance/fluorescent imaging (MRI/FI) attracts moreandmoreattentions in diagnosis of tumors. A corresponding dual-modal imaging agent with sufficient tumor sensitivity and specificity should be matched to improve imaging quality. Tripeptide (RGD) and pentapeptide (YIGSR) were selected as the tumor-targeting groups and attached to gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and rhodamine B (RhB), and then make two novel polypeptide-based derivatives (RGD-Gd-DTPA-RhB and YIGSR-Gd-DTPA-RhB), respectively. These derivatives were further characterized and their properties, such as cell uptake, cell cytotoxicity, MRI and FI assay, were measured. YIGSR-Gd-DTPA-RhB and RGD-Gd-DTPA-RhB had high relaxivity, good tumor-targeting property, low cell cytotoxicity and good red FI in B16F10 melanoma cells. Moreover, YIGSR-Gd-DTPA-RhB and RGD-Gd-DTPA-RhB possessed high uptake to B16F10 melanoma, and then achieve highly enhanced FI and MRI of tumors in mice for a prolonged time. Therefore, YIGSR-Gd-DTPA-RhB and RGD-Gd-DTPA-RhB can be applied as the potential agents for tumor targeted MRI/FI in vivo.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media , Melanoma , Mice , Animals , Contrast Media/chemistry , Gadolinium DTPA/pharmacology , Gadolinium DTPA/chemistry , Gadolinium/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Oligopeptides/pharmacology , Optical Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyABSTRACT
Three hydrazone ligands, H2L1-H2L3, made from salicylaldehyde and ibuprofen- or naproxen-derived hydrazides, were prepared and transformed into the corresponding copper(II) complexes [Cu(II)L1] x H2O, [Cu(II)L2], and [(Cu(II))2(L3)2] x H2O x DMF (Scheme). The X-ray crystal structure of the last-mentioned complex was solved (Fig. 1), showing a square-planar complexation geometry, and the single units were found to form a one-dimensional chain structure (Fig. 2). The interactions of these complexes with CT-DNA were studied by different techniques, indicating that they all bind to DNA by classical and/or non-classical intercalation modes.
Subject(s)
Aldehydes/chemistry , Hydrazones/chemistry , Intercalating Agents/chemistry , Organometallic Compounds/chemistry , Copper/chemistry , Crystallography, X-Ray , DNA/chemistry , Hydrazones/chemical synthesis , Intercalating Agents/chemical synthesis , Molecular Structure , Organometallic Compounds/chemical synthesisABSTRACT
Cremanthodium humile (C. humile) is a traditional herbal medicine for treatment of inflammation. Based on initial screening results, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect on four human cancer cell lines and one non-cancer cell line (293), then to determine the possible mechanisms of cell death elicited by the extract of C. humile on Hela cells. We have found the ether extract of C. humile (CH-EE) strongly decreased the survival rate of the four human tumor cell lines: Hela, A549, HepG2 and SW480. The cytotoxic effect of CH-EE on 293 was smaller than on tumor cell lines. Flow cytometry assays and nuclear staining showed that CH-EE induced apoptosis in Hela cells. This process was accompanied by the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, the release of cytochrome c and the activation of caspase-3/7 and -9. Furthermore, CH-EE generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Hela cells. These results indicate that CH-EE induces apoptosis in Hela cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway.
Subject(s)
Apoptosis/drug effects , Asteraceae/chemistry , Blotting, Western , Caspases/metabolism , Cell Cycle/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Cytochromes c/metabolism , DNA Fingerprinting , HeLa Cells , Humans , Indicators and Reagents , Membrane Potentials , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Mitochondria/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolismABSTRACT
A new high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for measuring low molecular weight (LMW) thiol-containing compounds, including cysteine (CysH), glutathione (GSH), N-acetylcysteine (Nac), penicillamine (PA), and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), has been developed by using 5-methyl-(2-(m-iodoacetylaminophenyl)benzoxazole (MIPBO) as fluorescence-labeling reagent. The derivatization and separation conditions have been investigated in detail. Detection limits ranging from 3.5 to 15.0 fmol were achieved for the thiols investigated in a 16 min separation with detection wavelengths 310 and 375 nm for the excitation and emission, respectively. The utility of the proposed method has been validated by measuring CysH in human urine samples.
Subject(s)
Benzoxazoles/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , Sulfhydryl Compounds/analysis , Humans , Sulfhydryl Compounds/urineABSTRACT
A new thiol weak-fluorescence probe, 5-maleimidyl-2-(m-methylphenyl)benzoxazole (MMPB), gives a highly fluorescence product in the presence of Cys. In this paper, MMPB has been developed for the fluorimetric determination of cysteine (Cys). At lambda(ex)/lambda(em) = 305.6/425.6 nm, the linear range is from 0 to 3.3 x 10(-7) mol l(-1) and the detection limit (sigma = 3) of 6.2 x 10(-10) mol l(-1). The main advantage of this method lies in the relative high selectivity compared with the methods using other N-substituted maleimide type of thiol reagents, in which 0.15-fold (molar ratio) of GSH is allowed and most of other amino acids at 100-fold (molar ratio) level had no obvious effect on the results. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of Cys in real samples.
Subject(s)
Benzoxazoles/chemistry , Cysteine/analysis , Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , Maleimides/chemistry , Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods , Cysteine/urine , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Indicators and Reagents , Proteins/analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Spectrometry, Fluorescence/standards , TemperatureABSTRACT
Based on the selective reaction that 5,6-diamino-1,3-naphthalene disulfonic acid (DANDS) traps nitric oxide (NO) in the presence of dioxygen to yield the highly fluorescent form, 1-[H]-naphthotriazole-6,8-disulfonic acid in moderately alkaline medium, a new spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of NO has been reported. The method offered the advantage of specificity, sensitivity and a simple protocol for the direct detection of NO in aqueous solution. The linear calibration range for NO was 0.04-1.44 mumoll(-1) with a 3sigma detection limit of 0.6 nmoll(-1). The proposed method has been used to monitor the release of NO from S-nitrosocysteine, a NO-releasing agent.
