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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38659261

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Honokiol is a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from Magnolia officinali, which is commonly used material in Chinese herbal medicine, has a variety of biological functions, including anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-microbial and anti-allergy. Although honokiol has numerous beneficial effects on human diseases, the underlying mechanisms of tumor metastasis are still unclear. Previously, we reported that honokiol suppresses thyroid cancer cell proliferation with cytotoxicity through cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and dysregulation of intracellular hemostasis. Herein, we hypothesized that the antioxidant effect of honokiol might play a critical role in thyroid cancer cell proliferation and migration. METHODS: The cell viability assays, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, cell migration, and immunoblotting were performed after cells were treated with honokiol. RESULTS: Based on this hypothesis, we first demonstrated that honokiol suppresses cell proliferation in two human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cell lines, KMH-2 and ASH-3, within a dosage- and time-dependent manner by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Next, we examined that honokiol induced ROS activation and could be suppressed by pre-treated with an antioxidant agent, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Furthermore, the honokiol suppressed cell proliferation can be rescued by pre-treated with NAC. Finally, we demonstrated that honokiol inhibited ATC cell migration by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers by Western blotting. CONCLUSION: Taken together, we provided the potential mechanism for treating ATC cells with honokiol, which significantly suppresses tumor proliferation and inhibits tumor metastasis in vitro through reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction.

3.
Gastroenterol Res Pract ; 2022: 1381299, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35935715

ABSTRACT

Background: Using conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to evaluate the infrapapillary area is not feasible. The use of sedative EGD may enable endoscopists to investigate the infrapapillary condition of the duodenum. In this study, we aimed to evaluate lesions in the infrapapillary regions by using sedative EGD. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we used the data of patients who underwent sedative EGD examinations at a tertiary hospital in southern Taiwan. The endoscopists evaluated the esophagus, stomach, and proximal duodenum and then attempted to explore the infrapapillary portion of the duodenum as deeply as possible. We assessed the success rate for the exploration of infrapapillary areas. Furthermore, we analyzed specific clinical findings of sedative EGD examination. Results: In total, 2973 patients underwent sedative EGD between November 1, 2010, and December 31, 2011. For 2632 of these patients, it was their first sedative EGD examination. In 2511 patients (95.4%), the exploration of the infrapapillary areas was successful. In approximately 10% of the patients, specific findings were detected over the infrapapillary region, and 7 of these patients exhibited clinically significant findings (i.e., gallbladder cancer with metastasis, periampullary Vater adenoma, natural killer cell enteropathy, villous adenoma with moderate dysplasia, infrapapillary duodenal adenoma with dysplasia, duodenal perforation with tumor-like formation, and follicular lymphoma). No patient experienced minor or major adverse reactions during the sedative EGD procedure. Conclusions: The current study provided evidence that sedative EGD examination enables a safe, comfortable, and effective endoscopic examination of deeper sections of the duodenum to evaluate the papillary and infrapapillary regions.

4.
Biomedicines ; 10(7)2022 Jul 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35884894

ABSTRACT

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. There are only limited treatment strategies that can be applied to treat cancer, including surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but these have only limited effectiveness. Developing a new drug for cancer therapy is protracted, costly, and inefficient. Recently, drug repurposing has become a rising research field to provide new meaning for an old drug. By searching a drug repurposing database ReDO_DB, a brief list of anesthetic/sedative drugs, such as haloperidol, ketamine, lidocaine, midazolam, propofol, and valproic acid, are shown to possess anti-cancer properties. Therefore, in the current review, we will provide a general overview of the anti-cancer mechanisms of these anesthetic/sedative drugs and explore the potential underlying signaling pathways and clinical application of these drugs applied individually or in combination with other anti-cancer agents.

5.
Life (Basel) ; 11(12)2021 Nov 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34947850

ABSTRACT

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and its incidence is increasing; therefore, an understanding of its oncogenic mechanisms is critical for improving its treatment and management. Methylglyoxal (MGO) has a highly reactive aldehyde group and has been suggested to play a role in oncogenesis. However, no standardized data are currently available on MGO levels in colorectal precancerous and cancerous lesions. We collected 40 matched colorectal tumor and peritumor tissues from patients with low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), and invasive cancer (IC). MGO levels increased between LGD, HGD, and IC tumor tissues (215.25 ± 39.69, 267.45 ± 100.61, and 587.36 ± 123.19 µg/g protein, respectively; p = 0.014). The MGO levels in peritumor tissue increased and were significantly higher than MGO levels in tumor tissue (197.99 ± 49.40, 738.09 ± 247.87, 933.41 ± 164.83 µg/g protein, respectively; p = 0.002). Tumor tissue MGO levels did not correlate with age, sex, underlying disease, or smoking status. These results suggest that MGO levels fluctuate in progression of CRC and warrants further research into its underlying mechanisms and function in tumor biology.

6.
Front Oncol ; 11: 620212, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34745929

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Particularly, cases of bone metastasis have poorer prognoses. CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old woman with suspected advanced HCC accompanied by bone metastasis with severe back pain and sciatica showed disease remission after cyproheptadine monotherapy. Initially, her serum alpha fetal protein (AFP) level was high, reaching up to 17697.62 ng/ml. A dose of 4 mg cyproheptadine, 3 times a day for 17 months was prescribed as the only treatment. Within 3 months, the serum AFP level gradually normalized down to 4.3 ng/ml. Both liver biopsy and bone biopsies were subsequently performed after 2 weeks of cyproheptadine. The results showed no malignancy. During the 34 months of follow-ups, the serum AFP remained normal in the range of 1.05 to 2.86 ng/ml. The patient has survived for 5 years without back pain and sciatica thus far. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to investigate a successful clinical approach in cyproheptadine monotherapy for an advanced HCC patient with bone metastasis. We recommend cyproheptadine as a potential anti-HCC agent for the treatment of HCC with bone metastasis, but more related studies such as prospectively clinical trials, and ideally randomized trials are still needed.

7.
Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 31(2): 129-132, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31007495

ABSTRACT

We present a case of a 22-year-old female with gross hematuria for 1 month. A 9.5-cm tumor was found at her left kidney. On suspicion of a renal cancer, she received left nephrectomy. Histologically, it was a hypercellular tumor with undifferentiated anaplastic neoplastic cells in fascicular sheets intermixed with chondroid nodules. The differential diagnoses included anaplastic sarcoma of the kidney (ASK), anaplastic Wilms tumor, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, rhabdoid tumor of the kidney, congenital mesoblastic nephroma, and synovial sarcoma. Based on the results of the work-up and literature review, ASK was diagnosed. The postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient began adjuvant chemotherapy (Ifosfamide [1800 mg/m2] and Epirubicin [60 mg/m2]) 5 weeks after the operation. Herein, we present this case to share the experience on an extremely rare entity.

8.
Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 30(3): 191-192, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30069131
9.
Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 30(2): 122-123, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29875595
10.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol ; 84(5): 569-572, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29735815

ABSTRACT

Primary cutaneous cribriform apocrine carcinoma is a rare but distinct variant of primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma and it is considered a low grade malignancy. We herein present a case of primary cutaneous cribriform apocrine carcinoma at the neck of a 26-year-old female. The tumor features a relatively well-circumscribed border and multiple aggregations of mildly pleomorphic epithelial cells with large ovoid nuclei, small nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasms. Cribriform and tubular structures are the major architectural patterns. The primary differential diagnosis is cutaneous metastasis from a cribriform visceral carcinoma; others include primary secretory carcinoma of the skin, adenoid cystic basal cell carcinoma and primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Apocrine Glands/pathology , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/complications , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/complications
12.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol ; 81: 353-361, 2016 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27693704

ABSTRACT

Pemetrexed, a multitargeted antifolate agent, has demonstrated clinical activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Increased expression of thymidylate synthase (TS) is thought to be associated with resistance to pemetrexed. Astaxanthin exhibits a wide range of beneficial effects including anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we showed that down-regulating of TS expression in two NSCLC cell lines, human lung adenocarcinoma H1650 and squamous cell carcinoma H1703 cells, with astaxanthin were associated with decreased MKK1/2-ERK1/2 activity. Enforced expression of constitutively active MKK1 (MKK1-CA) vector significantly rescued the decreased TS mRNA and protein levels in astaxanthin-treated NSCLC cells. Combined treatment with a MKK1/2 inhibitor (U0126 or PD98059) further decreased the TS expression in astaxanthin-exposed NSCLC cells. Knockdown of TS using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or inhibiting ERK1/2 activity enhanced the cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition of astaxanthin. Combination of pemetrexed and astaxanthin resulted in synergistic enhancing cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition in NSCLC cells, accompanied with reduced activation of phospho-MKK1/2, phopho-ERK1/2, and TS expression. Overexpression of MKK1/2-CA reversed the astaxanthin and pemetrexed-induced synergistic cytotoxicity. Our findings suggested that the down-regulation of MKK1/2-ERK1/2-mediated TS expression by astaxanthin is an important regulator of enhancing the pemetrexed-induced cytotoxicity in NSCLC cells.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Down-Regulation/drug effects , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Pemetrexed/pharmacology , Thymidylate Synthase/biosynthesis , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/enzymology , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Structure-Activity Relationship , Thymidylate Synthase/genetics , Xanthophylls/pharmacology
13.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol ; 389(6): 657-66, 2016 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27026405

ABSTRACT

Cisplatin is a well-studied and widely used chemotherapeutic agent and is effective in the treatment of the advanced human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Curcumin is a yellow pigment derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa and has been proved to have antioxidant and antitumor properties. XRCC1 is an important scaffold protein involved in base excision repair and plays an important role in the development of lung cancer. In this study, we characterize the role of curcumin in the cytotoxicity, p38 MAPK activation, and XRCC1 expression affected by cisplatin in NSCLC cells. We show that curcumin enhanced the cytotoxicity induced by cisplatin in two NSCLC cells, A549 and H1703. Treatment with cisplatin alone increased XRCC1 mRNA and protein expression through p38 MAPK activation. Moreover, SB2023580 (p38 inhibitor) decreased the XRCC1 mRNA and protein stability upon cisplatin treatment. Knockdown of XRCC1 in NSCLC cells by transfection of XRCC1 siRNA or inactivation of p38 MAPK resulted in enhancing the cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition induced by cisplatin. Curcumin inhibited the expression of XRCC1 in cisplatin-exposed NSCLC cells. Furthermore, transfection with constitutive active MKK6 or HA-p38 MAPK vectors rescued the XRCC1 protein level and also the cell survival suppressed by cisplatin and curcumin combination in A549 and H1703 cells. These findings suggested that the downregulation of XRCC1 expression by curcumin can enhance the chemosensitivity of cisplatin in NSCLC cells.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy , Cisplatin/pharmacology , Curcumin/pharmacology , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/enzymology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Down-Regulation , Enzyme Activation , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/enzymology , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , MAP Kinase Kinase 6/genetics , MAP Kinase Kinase 6/metabolism , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , RNA Interference , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Time Factors , Transfection , X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 , p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
14.
J Med Syst ; 38(2): 14, 2014 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24493074

ABSTRACT

To explore the feasibility of computer-aided monitoring of the workflow in surgical pathology. We collected 5-year data about computer-aided monitoring of the workflow in surgical pathology and analyzed the four subprocesses in the surgical pathologic process: 1) from arranging surgical pathology examination to receipt of the examination sheet and sample by the laboratory; 2) from receipt of the sample to issuance of the pathology report; 3) from issuance of the pathology report to automatic computer forwarding of positive pathology reports by e-mail to the physician who ordered the examination; 4) from receipt of the positive report by the physician to his/her response of acknowledging receipt. A total 115,648 surgical pathological cases were reviewed in this study. The overdue rate of delivery of samples was 0.82%. The most common cause (62.92%) of overdue delivery was clinicians in the outpatient department arranging for the examination more than 1 day in advance of specimen collection. The cumulative rates of report completion within 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 work days were 12.82%, 53.56%, 86.42%, 95.90% and 98.85%, respectively. The rate of overdue reporting was 1.15% over the 5-year study. The most common cause (56.30%) of overdue reporting was case complexity. The learning time for adapting this subprocess of report issuance was 7 months. There were 12,151 positive reports (10.51% of all cases) that required automatic computer forwarding to the physicians' e-mail boxes. A total of 113 cases (0.93%) failed in automatic computer forwarding during the 5-year period. The learning time for constructing a stable automatic computer forwarding system was 2.5 years. Of the 12,038 reports successfully forwarded, 10,107 (83.96%) were received by physicians and acknowledged by automated receipt within 120 h, and the other 1,931 (16.04%) showed no response within 120 h. The major reason for an overdue reply was that the physicians did not check their e-mail boxes (94.89%). We used a preliminary computer-aided system to monitor the workflow in surgical pathology. This system might be used as one of the methods of quality assurance in surgical pathology.


Subject(s)
Health Information Exchange , Pathology, Surgical/methods , Quality Assurance, Health Care/methods , Workflow , Information Systems
15.
World J Gastroenterol ; 19(11): 1850-4, 2013 Mar 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23555176

ABSTRACT

Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and is rare in the colon. Synchronous adenocarcinoma and ENKTL of the colon has not been reported in the literature. In the present study, we report a 63-year-old male who suffered from intermittent bloody stools for 2 mo. He did not have fever, body weight loss or night sweat. Endoscopic and imaging studies revealed a 4.5-cm ulcerative mass in the ascending colon and a 3.0-cm polypoid, easy bleeding mass in the sigmoid colon, respectively. Thought to have double carcinoma of the colon, he received simultaneous right hemicolectomy and sigmoidectomy. The pathological diagnosis was a synchronous ENKTL (ascending colon) and adenocarcinoma (sigmoid colon). The literature on synchronous adenocarcinoma and malignant lymphoma of the colon was also reviewed.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell/pathology , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Biopsy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Colectomy , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Colonoscopy , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/surgery , Sigmoid Neoplasms/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
16.
J Org Chem ; 75(16): 5743-5, 2010 Aug 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20704448

ABSTRACT

A series of 4-arylsulfonylimino-4,5-dihydrofurans (14 examples) were efficiently synthesized in good to excellent yields by using the copper-catalyzed three-component reaction between sulfonyl azides, phenylacetylene, and beta-ketoesters in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 40 degrees C for 8 h in the presence of triethylamine (TEA). A plausible mechanism for this process is proposed.


Subject(s)
Copper/chemistry , Furans/chemical synthesis , Iodides/chemistry , Catalysis , Furans/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Stereoisomerism
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