Prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal aberrations by chromosomal microarray analysis and pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with polyhydramnios.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the prenatal clinical utility of chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) for polyhydramnios and evaluate the short and long-term prognosis of fetuses with polyhydramnios. METHODS: A total of 600 singleton pregnancies with persistent polyhydramnios from 2014 to 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. All cases received amniocentesis and were subjected to CMA results. All cases were categorized into two groups: isolated polyhydramnios and non-isolated polyhydramnios [with soft marker(s) or with sonographic structural anomalies]. All fetuses were followed up from 6 months to five years after amniocentesis to acquire short and long-term prognosis. RESULTS: The detection rates of either aneuploidy or pathogenic copy number variants in fetuses with non-isolated polyhydramnios were significantly higher than those with isolated polyhydramnios (5.0 vs. 1.5%, p = 0.0243; 3.6 vs. 0.8%, p = 0.0288). The detection rate of total chromosomal abnormalities in the structural abnormality group was significantly higher than that in the isolated group (10.0 vs. 2.3%, p = 0.0003). In the CMA-negative cases, the incidence of termination of pregnancy, neonatal and childhood death, and non-neurodevelopmental disorders in fetuses combined with structural anomalies was significantly higher than that in fetuses with isolated polyhydramnios (p < 0.05). We did not observe any difference in the prognosis between the isolated group and the combined group of ultrasound soft markers. In addition, the risk of postnatal neurodevelopmental disorders was also consistent among the three groups (1.6 vs. 1.3 vs. 1.8%). CONCLUSION: For low-risk pregnancies, invasive prenatal diagnosis of isolated polyhydramnios might be unnecessary. CMA should be considered for fetuses with structural anomalies. In CMA-negative cases, the prognosis of fetuses with isolated polyhydramnios was good, and polyhydramnios itself did not increase the risk of postnatal neurological development disorders. The worse prognosis mainly depends on the combination of polyhydramnios with structural abnormalities.

Test-Retest Reliability, Criterion-Related Validity, and Ecological Validity of the Test of Visual-Motor Skills, Third Edition, in Kindergarten Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder.

IMPORTANCE: Establishing empirical evidence on the psychometric properties of the Test of Visual-Motor Skills (3rd ed.; TVMS-3) is helpful for guiding its use as an assessment of visual-motor integration (VMI) skills in kindergarten children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity, and ecological validity of the TVMS-3 in Taiwanese kindergarten children with DCD. DESIGN: A nonexperimental, descriptive, correlational design. SETTING: A hospital in Central Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-seven kindergarten children with DCD were recruited in the study. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Intraclass correlation coefficient, percentage of minimal detectable change, and paired t test (Wilcoxon signed rank test) were used to investigate the test-retest reliability of the TVMS-3. The correlations (Pearson's r) between the TVMS-3 accuracy score and the scores of each of the four domains and the adaptive behavior composite score of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (3rd ed.; Vineland-3) were calculated, respectively, to examine criterion-related validity and ecological validity. RESULTS: The accuracy score of the TVMS-3 had excellent test-retest reliability and acceptable random measurement error. Moreover, it showed good criterion-related validity and sufficient ecological validity with the Vineland-3 in Taiwanese kindergarten children with DCD. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The accuracy score of the TVMS-3 is applicable to Taiwanese kindergarten children with DCD in clinical and research settings. Plain-Language Summary: The accuracy score of the Test of Visual-Motor Skills (3rd ed.; TVMS-3) is a useful assessment tool to detect deficits in visual-motor integration for Taiwanese kindergarten children with developmental coordination disorder. The TVMS-3 has excellent test-retest reliability, good criterion-related validity, and sufficient ecological validity.

Experience in the management of sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis secondary to middle ear cholesteatoma.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the management of sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis secondary to middle ear cholesteatoma. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all cases of sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis caused by middle ear cholesteatoma over a period of 7 years. 7 male and 2 female patients, ranging in age from 9 to 66 years, were diagnosed with sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis by clinical presentation and radiological examination. By executing a modified mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty (canal wall-down tympanoplasty) to entirely remove the cholesteatoma-like mastoid epithelium, all patients were effectively treated surgically without opening the sigmoid sinus. All patients were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, but no anticoagulants were used. RESULTS: 9 patients had otogenic symptoms such as ear pus, tympanic membrane perforation, and hearing loss. In the initial stage of the surgery, modified mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty were performed on 8 of the 9 patients. 1 patient with a brain abscess underwent puncturing (drainage of the abscess) to relieve cranial pressure, and 4 months later, a modified mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty were carried out. Following surgery and medication, the clinical symptoms of every patient improved. After the follow-up of 6 months to 7 years, 3 patients were re-examined for MRV and showed partial sigmoid sinus recovery with recanalization. 4 months following middle ear surgery, the extent of a patient's brain abscess lesions was significantly reduced. 1 patient experienced facial paralysis after surgery and recovered in 3 months. None of the patients had a secondary illness, an infection, or an abscess in a distant organ. CONCLUSION: The key to a better prognosis is an adequate course of perioperative antibiotic medication coupled with surgical treatment. A stable sigmoid sinus thrombus can remain for a long time after middle ear lesions have been removed, and it is less likely to cause infection and abscesses in the distant organs. The restoration of middle ear ventilation is facilitated by tympanoplasty. It is important to work more closely with multidisciplinary teams such as neurology and neurosurgery when deciding whether to perform lateral sinusotomies to remove thrombus or whether to administer anticoagulation.

Establishment of a facial nerve trunk crush injury model and evaluation of facial nerve self-healing in rats.

INTRODUCTION/AIMS: To facilitate further investigation into the mechanisms of facial nerve regeneration, a simple and reliable model of facial nerve crush injury is essential. Nevertheless, the establishment of such models lacks standardization and repeatability, while the healing capacity of the nerve is often overlooked, potentially affecting future studies. METHODS: We made facial nerve trunk crush injury models with different pressing times and detected the changes from the distal nerves to the motoneurons via behavior analysis, electrophysiological test, and histomorphometry analysis. RESULTS: It revealed a particular capacity for self-healing following facial nerve crush damage because there was almost no facial motoneuron apoptosis in the MC group during the observation period, and rats in MC group had total facial paralysis in behavioral tests following surgery and varying degrees of recovery 28 days postoperatively with no treatments. As the pressing time increased, the latency, wave amplitude, nerve fiber damage degree, nerve axon ratio, myelin thickness, electroneurograph (ENoG) value, ultrastructural damage, abnormal morphological changes, and the buccal muscle atrophy of each MC group gradually increased or got worse during the observation period. However, after 28 postoperative days, only the ENoG values of the M10min and M12min groups were beyond 90%, indicating no self-healing. DISCUSSION: It suggests that a stable model of peripheral facial palsy may be created by applying a 12.5 cm mosquito clamped to the facial nerve trunk for at least 10 min, which laid the foundation for the subsequent research to objectively evaluate facial nerve regeneration.

A chromosomal microarray analysis-based laboratory algorithm for the detection of genetic etiology of early pregnancy loss.

Background: Chromosomal abnormalities are a major cause of early pregnancy loss. However, models synthesizing existing genetic technologies to improve pregnancy outcomes are lacking. We aim to provide an integrated laboratory algorithm for the genetic etiology of couples who experienced pregnancy loss. Methods: Over a 6-year period, 3,634 products of conception (POCs) following early pregnancy loss were collected. The clinical outcomes from a laboratory algorithm based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and parental chromosomal karyotyping assays were comprehensively evaluated. Results: In total, 3,445 of 3,634 (94.8%) POCs had no maternal-cell contamination. Of those POCs, the detection rate of abnormal results was 65.2% (2,247/3,445), of which 91.2% (2,050/2,247) had numerical chromosomal abnormalities, 2.7% (60/2,247) had copy-number variations (CNVs) ≥10 Mb, 2.7% (61/2,247) had CNVs of terminal deletion and duplication, 2.8% (62/2,247) had CNVs <10 Mb, and 0.6% (14/2,247) had uniparental disomy. Furthermore, FISH confirmed 7 of the 60 POCs with mosaic aneuploids below 30% based on the SNP array results as tetraploid. Of the 52 POCs with CNVs of terminal deletion and duplication, 29 couples had balanced rearrangements based on chromosomal karyotyping. Conclusion: The integrated SNP array-based algorithm combined with optional FISH and parental chromosomal karyotyping is an effective laboratory testing strategy, providing a comprehensive and reliable genetic investigation for the etiology of miscarriage, regardless of the number of miscarriages and the method of conception.

Predictive application of foam dressing on preventing of auricle pressure injury caused by ear dressing.

Objective: The use of foam dressings has been regarded as part of the individualized care plan in clinical practice. Our study aimed to compare the predictive application of foam dressing and conventional nursing method in the prevention of auricle pressure injury (PI) caused by ear dressing. Methods: Two hundred and four patients undergoing ear dressing after the operation in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University in Sichuan, China from January 2021 to September 2021 were recruited as research objects. Patients were randomized into intervention group (n = 102) and control group (n = 102) using double-blind method. Result: Results showed that patients in the intervention group showed significantly lower incidence of auricle PI and higher comfort and satisfaction levels than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study reflected effective predictive application of foam dressing in reducing the incidence of auricle PI in ear dressing, which was suitable for clinical application.

Prenatal diagnosis with chromosome microarray analysis and pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with umbilical cord cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prenatal diagnostic value of chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) in fetuses with isolated or non-isolated umbilical cord cysts (UCCs) of various locations and numbers. METHODS: Between November 2015 and November 2021, 45 pregnant women carrying fetuses with UCCs underwent amniocentesis and CMA. Fetal prognoses were followed from 6 months to 5 years. RESULTS: Five cases (11.1%, 5/45) of chromosomal aberrations were detected. No significant difference in total chromosome abnormalities was found between fetuses with isolated and non-isolated UCCs (13.3% [2/15] vs 10% [3/30]; p > .999). No common autosomal aneuploidies were found in fetuses with isolated UCCs. At follow-up, among 45 fetuses, there were 11 (24.4%) pregnancy terminations, 26 (57.8%) live healthy births, 4 (8.9%) postnatal UCC-related surgeries, and 4 (8.9%) live births of fetuses with other diseases. The frequency of postnatal surgeries of the infants with UCCs located adjacent to the anterior abdominal wall was higher than those located adjacent to the fetal surface of the placenta (30.8% [4/13] vs 0% [0/22]; p = .014). All 26 live healthy neonates and 4 neonates that underwent postnatal surgery had an overall good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: For fetuses with isolated or non-isolated UCC, CMA could be a choice for parents after providing detailed information. Even when surgery was required, pregnancy outcomes and short- and long-term prognoses for fetuses with UCCs were favorable.

Structurally diverse isobutylamides from Zanthoxylum nitidum.

Five pairs of new racemic alkamides (1a/1b and 4a/4b-7a/7b) and two new achiral derivatives (2-3), as well as five known ones (8-12), were purified from the 95% EtOH extract of Zanthoxylum nitidum. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analyses (NMR and HR-ESI-MS), electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and NMR calculations. The enantiomeric separation was successfully achieved by chiral-phase HPLC-ECD measurements. Among all the isolates, compounds 2, 3, and 10 showed inhibitory effects against five human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in range of 18.51-48.03 µM.

Clinical experience of noninvasive prenatal testing for rare chromosome abnormalities in singleton pregnancies.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the clinical use of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for common fetal aneuploidies as a prenatal screening tool for the detection of rare chromosomal abnormalities (RCAs). Methods: Gravidas with positive NIPT results for RCAs who subsequently underwent amniocentesis for a single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) were recruited. The degrees of concordance between the NIPT and SNP array were classified into full concordance, partial concordance, and discordance. The positive predictive value (PPV) was used to evaluate the performance of NIPT. Results: The screen-positivity rate of NIPT for RCAs was 0.5% (842/158,824). Of the 528 gravidas who underwent amniocentesis, 29.2% (154/528) were confirmed to have positive prenatal SNP array results. PPVs for rare autosomal trisomies (RATs) and segmental imbalances were 6.1% (7/115) and 21.1% (87/413), respectively. Regions of homozygosity/uniparental disomy (ROH/UPD) were identified in 9.5% (50/528) of gravidas. The PPV for clinically significant findings was 8.0% (42/528), including 7 cases with mosaic RATs, 30 with pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variants, and 5 with imprinting disorders. Conclusion: NIPT for common fetal aneuploidies yielded low PPVs for RATs, moderate PPVs for segmental imbalances, and incidental findings for ROH/UPD. Due to the low PPV for clinically significant findings, NIPT for common fetal aneuploidies need to be noticed for RCAs.

Prenatal diagnosis with chromosome microarray and pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with biliary tract system abnormalities.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prenatal diagnostic value of chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) in fetuses presenting with ultrasound-based biliary tract system (BTS) anomalies. METHODS: Amniocentesis was performed and CMA was applied in 271 pregnant women carrying fetuses with BTS abnormalities between April 2015 and December 2020. Pregnancy outcomes and fetal prognosis were followed from 1 to 6 years. RESULTS: Sixteen cases (5.9%, 16/271) of chromosomal anomalies were detected. The detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities was significantly higher for fetuses with nonisolated BTS anomalies than for those with isolated BTS anomalies (9.0% vs. 0%, p = 0.0017). Follow-up results were obtained from 267 fetuses, including 25 cases of termination of pregnancy (9.4%), 237 live births (88.8%), and 5 (1.9%) neonatal demises. The incidence of congenital biliary atresia in the small gallbladder and nonvisualized gallbladder groups was 3.0% (1/33) and 9.5% (7/74), respectively; however, none was detected on postnatal ultrasound reexamination in the gallbladder enlargement or the other BTS groups. CONCLUSIONS: An isolated BTS abnormality is not an indication for invasive prenatal chromosomal analysis. When combined with other ultrasonographic abnormalities, prenatal CMA should be provided. When a small or nonvisualized gallbladder is found prenatally, ultrasonography is limited in the differential diagnosis of congenital biliary atresia.

Biodegradable Silk Fibroin Nanocarriers to Modulate Hypoxia Tumor Microenvironment Favoring Enhanced Chemotherapy.

Biopolymer silk fibroin (SF) is a great candidate for drug carriers characterized by its tunable biodegradability, and excellent biocompatibility properties. Recently, we have constructed SF-based nano-enabled drug delivery carriers, in which doxorubicin (Dox) and atovaquone (Ato) were encapsulated with Arg-Gly-Asp-SF-Polylactic Acid (RSA) to form micellar-like nanoparticles (RSA-Dox-Ato NPs). The RGD peptide was decorated on micellar-like nanoparticles, promoting tumor accumulation of the drug. Meanwhile, Ato, as a mitochondrial complex III inhibitor inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, would reverse the hypoxia microenvironment and enhance chemotherapy in the tumor. In vitro, the biopolymer alone showed extremely low cytotoxicity to 4T1 cell lines, while the RSA-Dox-Ato demonstrated a higher inhibition rate than other groups. Most significantly, the ROS levels in cells were obviously improved after being treated with RSA-Dox-Ato, indicating that the hypoxic microenvironment was alleviated. Eventually, SF-based targeted drug carrier provides biocompatibility to reverse hypoxia microenvironment in vivo for enhancing chemotherapy, strikingly suppressing tumor development, and thereby suggesting a promising candidate for drug delivery system.

Observation seasonal variation of intraocular pressure in young healthy volunteers.

AIM: To investigate fluctuation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and seasonal variation of 24-hour IOP during one year in healthy participants. METHODS: Totally 13 young healthy volunteers participated in this study. IOP was measured with Canon TX-20 at about 8:00-9:00 a.m. from Monday to Friday every week for a whole year. They also underwent 24-hour IOP examination every three months. Blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, humidity, atmosphere pressure, sunshine duration and other environment parameters were recorded. RESULTS: The yearly fluctuation curve showed IOP in the summer months were lower than other seasons. In the multivariable generalized estimating equation analysis, IOP had a negative correlation with both temperature and sunshine duration (P<0.05). There also was a seasonal effect on 24-hour IOP. However, all intraclass correlation coefficients values of minimum, maximum and average of the 24-hour IOP and each individual IOP were less than 0.30. CONCLUSION: IOP is trend to be higher in cold days than warm days. IOP have negative association with both environmental temperature and duration of sunshine. On a season-to-season basis, 24-hour IOP is not highly reproducible in healthy volunteers.

Pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with congenital heart disease after a prenatal diagnosis with chromosome microarray.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) after chromosome microarray (CMA)-based prenatal diagnosis. METHOD: Amniocentesis was performed in 1035 pregnant women carrying fetuses with CHD between September 2014 and December 2019. Chromosomal aberrations in fetuses with CHD were evaluated using CMA. The pregnancy outcomes were followed up from 6 months to 5 years. RESULTS: The overall CHD detection rate by CMA was 10.1% (105/1035; 50 fetuses: aneuploidy, 55 fetuses: pathogenic or likely pathogenic copy number variations). Among 1003 fetuses who were followed up, 4, 236, 763, and 18 cases were of miscarriages, pregnancy termination, live births, and postnatal deaths, respectively. Self-healed CHD was observed in 401 (52.6%) fetuses. The pregnancy termination rate of fetuses with chromosomal anomalies was significantly higher than that of fetuses without chromosomal anomalies (93.1% vs. 15.5%, p < 0.001). However, other pregnancy outcomes, including mortality, preterm labor, and low-weight birth rate, were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The outcome of CMA is an important factor influencing parents' choice of whether to continue the pregnancy. Self-healing rate of prenatal diagnosed CHD is high. The mortality and morbidity of fetuses with CHD following prenatal CMA testing are relatively low.

Catalytic Asymmetric Tandem Reaction of o-Alkynylbenzaldehydes, Amines, and Diazo Compounds.

An efficient asymmetric tandem reaction of o-alkynylbenzaldehydes, amines, and diazo compounds catalyzed by chiral silver imidodiphosphate has been established. Chiral 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline analogues have a tertiary stereocenter at the C1 position, and substituents at the C3 position are available with up to 97% yields and 98% ee. These products can be elaborated into the corresponding ß-aminophosphonates or PARP1-inhibitor analogues.

Gene editing the BmNPV inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (iap2) as an antiviral strategy in transgenic silkworm.

Apoptosis is a cellular defense mechanism used for the elimination of host cells infected by viruses. Viruses have evolved corresponding inhibitors of apoptosis genes to promote their replication. Anti-apoptosis-related genes, involved in baculovirus proliferation, have been proposed but it is unclear whether these genes can be manipulated in gene therapy. We constructed a transgenic silkworm, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out the BmNPV inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (iap2). The sequencing results showed that all the sequences could edit the target site of BmNPV iap2 gene. There were no differences in economic traits and growth tests between the BmNPV iap2 knockout strain transgenic silkworm lines and the control groups. However, the mortality rate was significantly reduced, the median lethal dose (LD50) was about 100 times higher than the control group, and the onset time was prolonged by 1-2 days after knocking out BmNPV iap2. In addition, the expression levels of apoptotic-related genes Bmiap2, BmICE and BmDreed were significantly affected and the activity of caspase 9 was increased after BmNPV iap2 being edited in transgenic silkworm. These results demonstrated that gene editing BmNPV iap2 could significantly inhibit BmNPV replication and proliferation. This approach provides a new strategy for antiviral research.

Catalytic Asymmetric Three-Component Reaction of 2-Alkynylbenzaldehydes, Amines, and Dimethylphosphonate.

An efficient enantioselective synthesis of cyclic α-aminophosphonates via multicomponent reactions of 2-alkynylbenzaldehydes, amines, and dimethylphosphonate has been developed with the use of a chiral silver spirocyclic phosphate as the catalyst. This protocol provides straightforward access to a series of chiral C1-phosphonylated 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline derivatives with high yields (up to 99%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 94% ee) for a broad substrate scope. The products could be further transformed into densely functionalized compounds and corresponding α-aminophosphonic acids.

Optimization of the autoclave preparation process for improving resistant starch content in rice grains.

The autoclave preparation process to increase the content of resistant starch (RS) in rice grains was optimized, and the results showed that the optimal preparation process was obtained with a water content of 41.63%, a pH of 5.95, an autoclave time of 60.96 min, and a refrigeration time of 17.11 hr. Under these conditions, the theoretical value of RS content in rice grains reached 17.57%. After autoclaving, the estimated glycemic index (EGI) in rice grains was reduced from 78.35 to 66.08 measured after cooking, suggesting that autoclaving was capable of increasing the RS content in rice grains and reducing its EGI value. These results may help spark new concepts and methods for the development of specialized foods for specific populations, such as people with diabetes.

Changes in macular ultrastructural morphology in unilateral anisometropic amblyopia.

It is controversial that retina and photoreceptors are involved in amblyopic development. Lack of imaging devices for quantitative assessment of photoreceptors in vivo impedes further investigation. In this study we investigated the differences of macular thickness, outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and cone density among eyes with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia, amblyopic fellow eyes, and normal control eyes using high-definition spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and adaptive optics imaging system. Thicker fovea and parafovea with characteristic quantitative retinal changes in unilateral amblyopic patients indicated that the amblyopic process might involve the retina. Cones tended to be homogeneously distributed at 1.5° from the foveal center in all participants. However, we did not detect any significant differences in cone density and ONL thickness at 1.5° from the foveal center in patients with unilateral amblyopia when compared with the fellow eyes and the normal control eyes. This is the first study to explore whether photoreceptors are involved in amblyopic development in vivo that would help for understanding the underlying mechanisms of amblyopia. Whether macular changes relate to cone photoreceptors migration of the amblyopic eyes remains to be determined.

Association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

There were many observational studies that examined the association between refrigerator use and stomach cancer. However, the results remain to be a contradiction. This study aimed to evaluate the association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases (up to 31 May 2017), and manually reviewed the references lists of retrieved articles, to identify studies that evaluated the association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer. Observational studies reporting odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer were included. Two authors independently reviewed and selected eligible studies and conducted the study quality evaluation. We included a total of twelve studies enrolling 14,361 individuals. The summarized OR the association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.56-0.88; P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that a significantly inverse association between refrigerator use and gastric cancer risk was observed in in some Asian countries (OR = 0.68, 95% CI, 0.50-0.93; P = 0.002), but not in some Western countries, such as Germany, etc. Refrigerator use is significantly associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer. Further studies are warranted to confirm whether refrigerator use could reduce the risk of gastric cancer among some Asian countries.

A pentacyclic triterpene derivative possessing polyhydroxyl ring A suppresses growth of HeLa cells by reactive oxygen species-dependent NF-κB pathway.

Pentacyclic triterpene derivatives possessing polyhydroxyl ring A exhibit many important pharmacological activities. (1ß, 2α, 3ß, 19ß, 23)-1,2,3,19,23-pentahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (5), a new bioactive phytochemical with tetra-hydroxyl ring A isolated from Euphorbia sieboldiana in our laboratory, showed potential inhibition effects against several cancer cells previously. This study was performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of action for its antitumor activity. The results showed that compound 5 inhibited dose-/time-dependently cell growth with low toxicity to normal cells and induced apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Also, compound 5 inhibited the growth and proliferation of HeLa cells and resulted in G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, exposure of cells to compound 5 caused inactivation of the TNF-α-TAK1-IKK-NF-κB axis and inhibition of TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB activity, followed by down-regulation of NF-κB target genes involved in cell apoptosis (Bcl-2) and in the cell cycle and growth (Cyclin D, c-Myc). Additionally, compound 5 significantly suppressed the migration of HeLa cells. In addition, exposure of HeLa cells to compound 5 decreased the activity of NF-κB through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Collectively, these results suggested that compound 5 exerted potent anticancer effects on HeLa cells in vitro through targeting the ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling cascade and this compound may be a promising anticancer agent for cancer treatment.