Subject(s)
Diphtheria/diagnosis , Viscera/pathology , Acute Disease , Adult , Cause of Death , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/pathology , Diphtheria/complications , Diphtheria/mortality , Diphtheria/pathology , Humans , Middle Aged , Shock, Septic/diagnosis , Shock, Septic/etiology , Shock, Septic/mortality , Shock, Septic/pathology , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Body Weight/immunology , Malaria, Falciparum/immunology , Military Personnel , Humans , Immune Tolerance , Immunity, Cellular , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/diagnosis , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology , Malaria, Falciparum/diagnosis , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Nutrition Disorders/immunology , RussiaABSTRACT
Virus hepatitis A and B have certain characteristics traits in personnel with gunshot wounds, especially when the wounds are of medium and high degrees of severity. Virus hepatitis A in the injured men is distinguished by shortened initial period, predominantly of dyspeptic or mixed type, as well as by grave and complicated course sometimes ending with lethal outcome. Virus hepatitis B in the injured men is characterized by the absence of pre-icteric period or weakness of its manifestations in many cases, by the prevalence of mild forms of the disease, as well as by increased tendency to development of chronic forms. During virus hepatitis A and B the traumatic disease often acquires grave and complicated course. In wounded personnel with hepatitis A the complications develop mainly on the background of medium or high degrees of severity of infection, whereas, during hepatitis B they develop predominantly on the background of mild forms of infection.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis A/diagnosis , Hepatitis B/diagnosis , Military Personnel , Wounds, Gunshot/complications , Adult , Hepatitis A/etiology , Hepatitis B/etiology , Humans , Jaundice/diagnosis , Jaundice/etiology , Male , Russia , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Convalescents (168 patients) who went through typhoid and 48 sound men (control group) were examined in order to study their clinical and physiological indices, mental and performance capabilities. At the end of inpatient treatment the complete normalization of functional state was marked only in group 1 (convalescents after abortive typhoid). In 96% of patients who went through slight form of disease (group 2) and middle-severe form (group 3) different disorders of functional state of organism were marked. One week after medical rehabilitation the number of convalescents who needed the continuation of rehabilitation treatment has decreased 50% in the 2nd group, after 2 weeks--up to 35%, after 3 weeks there were no changes. In the 3rd group at the end of the 1st week functional disorders were marked in 85% of patients, after 2 weeks--in 35%, after 3 weeks--in 13.8%, after 4 weeks--in 2.5%.
Subject(s)
Disability Evaluation , Military Personnel , Typhoid Fever/diagnosis , Adult , Convalescence , Humans , Male , Military Personnel/psychology , Physical Examination , Psychological Tests , Psychophysiology , Russia , Time Factors , Typhoid Fever/physiopathology , Typhoid Fever/psychologySubject(s)
Military Personnel , Nutrition Disorders/complications , Typhoid Fever/etiology , Afghanistan , Disease Susceptibility , Humans , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/complications , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/therapy , Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Recurrence , Typhoid Fever/complications , Typhoid Fever/diagnosis , Typhoid Fever/therapy , USSR , Warfare , Weight LossABSTRACT
Medical records of 876 servicemen of a young age who have suffered various forms of clinical diphtheria were analysed. (Lethal cases were marked in 52 cases--5.9%). A true clinical symptom complex for the diagnosis of diphtheria at pre-hospital period is as following: fever, intoxication and febrinous tonsillitis. The main cause of unfavourable outcome of the disease depends on the affection of cardiovascular, central and peripheral nerve systems by diphtheritic exotoxin. The most frequent limitations during medical care were the following: error diagnosis of angina (41%), late hospitalization and late specific treatment, insufficient doses of antidiphtheric serum, inopportune diagnosis of severe aggravations (infectious toxic shock, pneumonia).
Subject(s)
Diphtheria , Diphtheria/diagnosis , Hospitals, Military , Military Personnel , Adult , Diagnostic Errors , Diphtheria/complications , Diphtheria/therapy , Humans , Male , Quality of Health Care , USSRABSTRACT
The article describes an outbreak of brucellosis among the servicemen (age 19-32) which was caused by Br. melitensis. 13% of servicemen in the military unit went through this disease. This outbreak was caused by unsatisfactorily treated mutton of sheep which were affected with brucellosis. The illness had acute septic course. The appearance of the focuses of disease in locomotor system took place only when the infectious process had a rather long period (septicometastatic course). The acute septic form of brucellosis (minor and middle-gravity cases) was characterized by subfebrile and febrile body temperature, slight intoxication without considerable worsening of health or incapacitation. The application of the modern means of treatment, including immunotherapy, resulted in a rapid coping of the acute course of illness, but the complete recovery was not attained. The convalescents had multiple recidivating (secondary metastatic forms) of infectious process with affections of locomotor, genital, peripheral nervous systems with further development of residual signs.
Subject(s)
Brucella melitensis , Brucellosis/epidemiology , Adult , Brucellosis/diagnosis , Convalescence , Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Recurrence , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
In 1983-1985 the author of this article occupied the post of main infectionist of the 40th Army. During this period a number of new elements were elaborated by him to meet the requirements of medical care to infectious patients. At prehospital phase the nonorganic garrison isolators were deployed with 60-100 patient capacity on the basis of medical companies and separate medical battalions taking into account considerable delays in evacuation of patients. Lately it turned out more rational to deploy the infectious platoons in the organic structure of some medical companies and battalions. That made it possible to reduce the number of unfavourable cases. In addition to the existing structure of specialized medical care to the infectious patients it was planned to deploy 2-5 infectious units in military hospitals, deploy infectious hospitals with 200-500 patient capacity, boxes and intensive care units. The final recovery of convalescents was realized at the rehabilitation centre.
Subject(s)
Altitude , Communicable Diseases/therapy , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Desert Climate , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Military Medicine/organization & administration , Military Personnel , Afghanistan , Hospitals, Military/organization & administration , Humans , Patient Isolators , USSR , WarfareABSTRACT
The experience in treating infectious diseases in wounded and traumatized persons from the contingent of the Soviet Troops in ++Afghanistan is described. The syndrome of the joint effect of the injury and infection is characterized. Features of the chemotherapy of the injured patients with viral hepatitis, malaria, typhoid fever and enteric and ++extra-enteric amebiasis under the ecological and professional stress and with an account of the etiology of the wound infection are presented. The favourable effect of the developed methods for chemotherapy of the joint affections was shown.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents , Hepatitis B , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Malaria , Military Personnel , Warfare , Wound Infection , Wounds, Gunshot , Wounds, Nonpenetrating , Afghanistan , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis B/drug therapy , Hepatitis B/etiology , History, 20th Century , Humans , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/etiology , Malaria/drug therapy , Malaria/etiology , USSR/ethnology , Wound Infection/drug therapy , Wound Infection/etiology , Wounds, Gunshot/complications , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complicationsABSTRACT
Hypoxia plays an important role in pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Therefore, its correction is an essential factor in pathogenetic antibacterial treatment. Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) as a leading method in current antihypoxic therapy was studied in combined medication for typhoid, diphtheria, meningococcal infection, viral hepatitis. HBO sessions were given to 331 patients, 363 controls did not receive HBO. Utilization of HBO provided much better saturation of blood with oxygen, eliminated metabolic disorders, warranted favorable course and outcomes of the diseases.
Subject(s)
Communicable Diseases/therapy , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Acute Disease , Adult , Combined Modality Therapy , Diphtheria/therapy , Hepatitis A/therapy , Humans , Male , Meningococcal Infections/therapy , Middle Aged , Typhoid Fever/therapyABSTRACT
In 1985-1987 in Afghanistan 75 wounded, who at the same time had infectious diseases (benign tertian malaria, viral hepatitis, typhoid, dysentery, amebiasis), and 51 patients with gunshot wounds of soft tissues had a checkup and treatment. The control group was consisted of 54 sound volunteers. All the patients, 18-30 years old, male sex, were examined for the dynamics of general and special features of the wound process, hemogram and index of reactivity (Rotter-Kavetsky test). It was found out that in the indicated conditions the process of healing of tissue was worsening considerably because of the infection, off syndrome of the reciprocal aggravation arose. The qualitative initial surgical treatment of wounds, influence upon the reactivity of the organism, opportune diagnosis and treatment of the infectious diseases promote the shortening and improve the outcome of illness.
