ABSTRACT
Truly reversible pulmonary hypertension is rare. Acquired systemic arteriovenous (A-V) fistulas following spinal surgery (laminectomy) are a less recognized cause of secondary pulmonary hypertension. We describe a patient who presented with symptoms and clinical evidence of pulmonary hypertension and underwent endovascular correction of an acquired A-V fistula, which led to improvement according to clinical and noninvasive hemodynamic criteria.
Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Fistula/complications , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Iliac Artery , Iliac Vein , Laminectomy/adverse effects , Arteriovenous Fistula/etiology , Arteriovenous Fistula/therapy , Cardiac Output , Female , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Iliac Artery/diagnostic imaging , Iliac Vein/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Ultrasonography, DopplerABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To study the development and progression in time of deep venous valve incompetence with Duplex ultrasonography in combination with distal cuff deflation in patients with a history of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and to evaluate symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a long term follow-up study the deep venous system of 24 patients (7 men, 17 women, mean age 51 years) of an initial group of 27 with phlebographically documented deep venous thrombosis were examined with Duplex scanning at two intervals (mean 34 and 86 months) after DVT. RESULTS: All but one segments recanalised. Deep venous incompetence occurred exclusively in post-DVT segments. At first follow-up 48% of the post-thrombotic segments showed valve incompetence, while at second follow-up this had increased to 60% (p < 0.001). Venous segments of the upper leg mainly contributed to this increase. Our group of 24 patients was too small to find any significant correlation between symptoms, thrombosis and valvular incompetence. CONCLUSIONS: The development of deep vein valve incompetence after deep vein thrombosis is a progressive process over more than 5 years.
Subject(s)
Thrombophlebitis/complications , Venous Insufficiency/etiology , Adult , Aged , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Bandages , Chronic Disease , Cohort Studies , Coumarins/therapeutic use , Disease Progression , Female , Femoral Vein/diagnostic imaging , Femoral Vein/physiopathology , Follow-Up Studies , Heparin/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phlebography , Popliteal Vein/diagnostic imaging , Popliteal Vein/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Remission Induction , Thrombophlebitis/drug therapy , Thrombophlebitis/physiopathology , Tibia/blood supply , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex , Veins , Venous Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Venous Insufficiency/physiopathologyABSTRACT
During a 5 year period we have identified leiomyomas of the small intestine in six patients using enteroclysis. Gastrointestinal bleeding were the presenting symptoms in five and partial small bowel obstruction in one. The time interval between the onset of symptoms and radiological diagnosis ranged between 3 months and 5 years. All patients had previously been investigated by a number of endoscopic and barium radiology examinations and one had undergone a nondiagnostic laparotomy. The jejunum was the site of involvement in one patient and the ileum in five. The growth was intraluminal in two cases, extraluminal in three and bidirectional (dumb-bell) in one. Radiological appearances included round or broad-based semilunar intraluminal filling defects with encroachment of the lumen, or intussusception, displacement and/or indentation of the intestinal wall with effacement of the overlying mucosa or an ulcer crater, tenting deformity and mass effect on neighbouring loops. All six patients came to operation. Pre-operative radiological diagnosis was correct in five and suggestive in one. There was excellent correlation between the radiological appearances and morphology of the pathology specimens.
