ABSTRACT
Pressures of 200-1000 atmospheres (20-100 MPa) are found to decrease significantly the amount of phosphate (H32PO4-2)transported into the rabbit erythrocyte under otherwise physiological conditions. Such compression does not cause irreversible morphological changes or result in membrane disruption. The findings are interpreted in terms of a lipid phase transition induced by the high pressure, which is propagated to the associated phosphate transport system by a physical mechanism.
Subject(s)
Atmospheric Pressure , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Phosphates/blood , Animals , Biological Transport , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Erythrocytes/ultrastructure , Male , RabbitsSubject(s)
Argon , Radiation Effects , Water/radiation effects , 1-Propanol , Cobalt Radioisotopes , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Gamma Rays , Iron , Pressure , Solutions , TemperatureABSTRACT
Oil deposits occur in deep sediments, and appear to be organic matter that has been transformed through the action of geothermal heat and pressure. Deep sediments, rich in biological remains, are created by ocean upwelling, caused in part by high geothermal heat flow through the sea bottom. Such regions correlate with enhanced seismic activity. We look for correlations of seismicity, high heat flux, petroleum, uranium, phosphates, and salts, deposited from abundant plant life. These may be useful in discovering more petroleum and coal. We estimate that the known world reserves of petroleum and coal are about 10(-4) of the total of buried biogenic carbon.
Subject(s)
Extraterrestrial Environment , Atmospheric Pressure , Oxidation-Reduction , Sunlight , TemperatureABSTRACT
A GENERAL ISOTHERMAL EQUATION OF STATE FOR METALS AND CERTAIN OTHER SOLIDS [FORMULA: see text] Where BT(0) is the bulk modulus at zero pressure, P is the pressure, and V(0) and V are the volumes at zero pressure and pressure P, respectively, has been discovered empirically. The fit to a straight line for twenty metals and twelve metallic halides is within a few percent mean deviation. The rationale leading to this particular relation is that of the Virial Theorem, as applied to those solids for which the potential energy scales as the mean inverse of the inter-atomic distance, and for which on compression the entropy change is small.
ABSTRACT
Diamond powder can be successfully cemented with cobalt. At 62 kilobars the sintering occurs over the temperature range from 1570 degrees to 1610 degrees C. The maximum microhardness of the compact ( 3000 kilograms per square millimeter on the Knoop scale) is obtained with a mixture of 20 percent cobalt (by volume) and a diamond particle size of 1 to 5 micrometers.
ABSTRACT
The carbon-isotope ratio recently obtained for the carbon found in the Murchison meteorite, which has been shown (by the racemic nature of twelve component amino acids) to be free of terrestrial contamination, agrees with that for average terrestrial sediments. This finding indicates that the earth and the stony meteorites contain carbon of the same isotopic composition.
Subject(s)
Catalysis , Vehicle Emissions , Alkanes , Alkenes , Cobalt , Lanthanum , Oxides , StereoisomerismSubject(s)
Education, Graduate , Engineering , Environment , Science , California , Ecology , Environmental Pollution/prevention & control , United StatesSubject(s)
Astronomy , Carbon Dioxide , Chlorophyta/growth & development , Culture Media , Extraterrestrial Environment , Hot Temperature , Acids , Astronomical Phenomena , Atmospheric Pressure , Chlorophyll/analysis , Chlorophyta/analysis , Chlorophyta/cytology , Microscopy, Electron , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Photosynthesis , Space FlightABSTRACT
Surface and subsurface ocean water differ in exchange characteristics with atmospheric carbon dioxide. The possibility of control by an enzyme like carbonic anhydrase has been experimentally explored.
