ABSTRACT
The feature of transparency has been identified as facilitating the learning of manual signs as word surrogates. The recognition and retention of transparent and nontransparent signs by 50 sign-naive hearing college freshmen was investigated in three tasks: (1) a transparency task; (2) after a training period, a short-term memory task; and (3) a long-term memory task. Results indicated that both transparent and nontransparent signs were retained over a short and a long period of time; however, there was a significant decrease in the number of nontransparent signs retained as the period of time after training increased. Implications for sign language training are discussed.
Subject(s)
Mental Recall , Sign Language , Vocabulary , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Paired-Associate Learning , Retention, PsychologyABSTRACT
The relation between orosensory perception and articulation in 38 normal hearing adults (mean age = 20.1 yr.) with no articulation problems and 63 hearing-impaired adults (mean age = 21.2 yr.) with articulation disorders was investigated. All adults were asked to identify as a visual-matching task the 20 National Institute of Dental Research orosensory forms with handles. Comparison of number and types of orosensory confusions of the participants showed no significant differences between the groups. Results could have been influenced by the test, the response sought, or the origin and nature of the articulation disorders of the hearing-impaired participants. Implications for further research are discussed.
Subject(s)
Hearing Disorders/physiopathology , Mouth/physiopathology , Touch/physiology , Adult , Articulation Disorders/etiology , Articulation Disorders/physiopathology , Hearing Disorders/complications , HumansABSTRACT
Articulation errors and intelligibility of rated speech of 75 hearing-impaired young adults were compared to their errors on a test of orosensory perception. Analysis indicated no significant correlations between articulation, intelligibility of speech, and orosensory perception when total errors were compared. Some significant relationships were evident, however, for types of error. In addition, orosensory perception errors were compared with degree of hearing loss and history of use of amplification. These results indicated no significant relationships between the communication characteristics and total orosensory perception errors; however, when types of orosensory perception errors were compared, several significant relationships were evident. In general, present results may be useful in the development of appropriate remediation strategies for use by speech-language pathologists working with hearing-impaired persons.
Subject(s)
Articulation Disorders/psychology , Deafness/psychology , Sensation , Adult , Female , Hearing Aids , Humans , Male , Mouth , Speech IntelligibilityABSTRACT
Twenty hearing-impaired adult males exhibiting a range of severity of vocal tension/harshness sustained the vowels /a/ and /u/, at a constant intensity level and read the first two sentences of the Rainbow Passage. Recordings of the vowels and sentences were rated for degree of severity of vocal tension/harshness on a 5-point, equal-appearing-interval scale by three speech pathologists. Each vowel production was analyzed to produce a narrow-hand (10 Hz) frequency-by-amplitude acoustic spectrum in which the levels of inharmonic energy, i.e., noise components, were measured in dB SPL over the frequency range 100--3000 Hz. Significant correlations were obtained between: mean ratings of vocal tension for sentences and for vowels; mean ratings of vocal tension for vowels and average spectral noise levels for vowels; and mean ratings of vocal tension for sentences and average spectral noise levels for vowels.
