[Micturition and incidence of postoperative urinary tract infections in surgical gynecology]. / Miktionsverhalten und die Inzidenz postoperativer Harnweginfektionen in der operativen Gynäkologie.

In a retrospective analysis postoperative courses of 879 patients (1987-1989) have been analysed with respect to micturition behaviour and incidence of postoperative urinary tract infections. 58.5 per cent urinary tracts infections could be registered following uro-gynecology operations and 48.9 per cent after radical hysterectomies according to Wertheim-Held. The lowest rate of 15.9 per cent we found after simple interventions at the adnexas. Within the uro-gynecological operations vaginal plastic procedures had a higher rate (66.4 per cent) than colposuspensions with 41.5 per cent. Because of the different extent of the bladder preparation there were distinct differences with regard to first spontaneous micturition and lack of residual urine.

[Bacteriuria screening in gynecologic practice: what is the value of mid-stream urine?]. / Bakteriurie-Screening in der gynäkologischen Praxis: Welchen Stellenwert hat der Mittelstrahlurin?

In 55 healthy women corresponding urine proofs were taken by suprapubic punction and by mid stream technique from the same content of the urinary bladder. For detection or exclusion of bacteriuria both collection-methods are of equal value. In 96% of the cases the microbiological results were corresponding. The leucocyte-count is of no value to detect indirectly a bacteriuria as well in punction- and in mid stream urine. A pathologic count is just as little pathognomonic for infection as a normal count excludes a bacteriuria. Therefore the counting of leucocytes should be given up to the favour of a better microbiological observation in gynecological outpatient departments.

[Diagnosis of urinary tract infections in puerperium]. / Diagnostik von Harnweginfektionen im Wochenbett.

In 225 puerperant urine proofs were taken both by suprapubic puncture and by mid stream technique. The corresponding proofs were examined culturally and microscopically. 42% of the mid stream proofs containing more than 10(5) germs/ml were evaluated to be false-positive. The corresponding urine taken by suprapubic puncture was uninfected. A pathologic leucocyte-count is just a little representative for urinary tract infection as a normal leucocyte count excludes an infection. Therefore, the counting of leucocytes is worthless and should be given up to the favour of bacteriologic examinations. Every ward for puerperant should presuppose the technique to take urine proofs by suprapubic puncture.

[Mid-stream versus bladder puncture urine in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in pregnant patients]. / Mittelstrahl- versus Blasenpunktionsurin zur Diagnostik von Harnwegsinfektionen in graviditate.

150 healthy women being pregnant in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester were examined. From the same content of urinary bladder suprapubic puncture urine (BPU) and mid-stream urine (MSU) were collected. The results concerning microbiological and microscopical analysis of urine proofs were compared. For qualitative and quantitative germ analysis MSU is sufficiently clean enough. In 95.3 there is a good correspondence of the microbiological results of both proofs. Exceptionally in 4.7% the MSU-results were not confirmed by BPU. With respect to the findings in sediment there is no good correspondence of the results. In case of sterile bladder content the BPU sediment - findings are significantly more frequent normal and significantly more seldom abnormal than in MSU. The sediment findings in MSU are more frequent false positive than in BPU. In case of an infected bladder content there are no significant differences in the sediment findings of both techniques in taking urine proofs. The rate of normal sediment findings in case of an infected bladder content is unrealistic high: In MSU in 11% and in BPU in 26%. For microbiologic germ diagnosis MSU and BPU proofs are equivalent. But, for detection or for exclusion of urinary tract infections the sediment finding is poorly pathognomonic for a urinary tract infection. A normal sediment finding does not exclude the existance of an urinary tract infection. Therefore, in the system of prenatal care we should waive of the sediment finding as a guide for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.

[Chlorhexidine as a vaginal antiseptic in obstetrics]. / Chlorhexidin als Antiseptikum bei der vaginalen Untersuchung in der Geburtshilfe.

The antimicrobial efficiency of a chlorhexidine containing emulsion which is used as gliding or antiseptic remedy is examined. The killer-time for germs within the suspension test as well as the testing in clinical use confirm the efficiency known from literature. The use of chlorhexidine containing emulsions serving as antiseptic gliding remedy is recommended.

[Prevention of infections in surgical clinics (author's transl)]. / Zur Prävention von Infektionen in chirurgischen Kliniken.

Infectious risks in surgical clinics are demonstrated. Directions for prophylaxis of hospitalism are given. According to own examinations of the following things are often contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms: appliances for sucking off, handbrushes, instruments, beds, clinical clothing, washing basins, bath tubs and floor sinks.

[Hygienic studies of obstetric departments]. / Hygienische Untersuchungen in geburtshilflichen Abteilungen.

After a literature survey about problems of the infectious hospitalism in obstetrical departments it is reported about own examinations in nine clinics. The results of the general hygienic and microbiological studies are discussed, conclusions are being drawn.

[Microbiological studies on mouth-ringing, cooling and turbine-spray waters]. / Mikrobiologische Untersuchungen von Mund-, Kühl- und Turbinenspraywässern.

Microbiological examinations of mouth-cleaning, cooling, and turbine spray waters from various types of dental units showed different degrees of water contamination. The detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, because of the classification of this organism as a "problem germ", indicates the necessity for a more critical analysis of water used in stomatology including the elimination of possible sources of contamination.

[Significance of starter cultures for raw sausage aging in view of food and nutrition hygiene]. / Die Bedeutung von Starterkulturen zur Rohwurstreifung im Rahmen der Lebensmittel- und Ernährungshygiene

The authors studied the effects of liquid starter cultures on the survival of pathogenic germs. It was found that the foreign bacteria tested differed in growth limitation which is obviously dependent on acidity and the amount of lactic acid produced by fermentation. Since the pathogenic bacteria differ in the ability to survive, it is imperative to observe strict hygienic measures in preparing starter cultures and to use absolutely sterile monocultures for raw sausage ageing.