ABSTRACT
Nonspecific promiscuous compounds can mislead researchers and waste significant resources. This phenomenon, though well-documented for small molecules, has not been widely explored for the peptide modality. Here we demonstrate that two purported peptide-based KRas inhibitors, SAH-SOS1 A and cyclorasin 9A5, exemplify false-positive molecules-in terms of both their binding affinities and cellular activities. Through multiple gold-standard biophysical techniques, we unambiguously show that both peptides lack specific binding to KRas and instead induce protein unfolding. Although these peptides inhibited cellular proliferation, the activities appeared to be off-target on the basis of a counterscreen with KRas-independent cell lines. We further demonstrate that their cellular activities are derived from membrane disruption. Accordingly, we propose that to de-risk false-positive molecules, orthogonal binding assays and cellular counterscreens are indispensable.
ABSTRACT
We present herein an unprecedented stereoselective synthesis of bridged biaryls with defined axial and central chirality from readily available starting materials. This N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed method proceeds through propargylic substitution of azolium enolates followed by two-directional cyclization, as supported by DFT calculation. A range of benzofuran/indole-derived bridged biaryls bearing an eight-membered lactone are accessed with uniformly high stereoselectivity (>98:2 dr, mostly >98% ee).
