[Atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus (repeated epidemiologic studies of atherosclerosis with an interval of 25 years)]. / Ateroskleroz pri sakharnom diabete (po materialam povtornykh épidemiologicheskikh issledovanii ateroskleroza, provedennykh s intervalom 25 let).

Repeated epidemiological studies of atherosclerosis were performed in 1985-1989 (as compared to 1965-1968) in 20-59-year-old males of malme, praha, Tallinn, Yalta and in 40-59-year-old females in Malme, Riga and Yalta. 358 cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) were studied. DM occurred more frequently during the second interval as compared to the first one: 6.3 and 4.6% in males, and 7.6 and 4.2% in females, respectively. The severity of atherosclerosis (aorta and coronary arteries were studied morphometrically after staining with Sudan IV) was higher in patients with DM the influence of which was similar to that of the arterial hypertension. The severity of atherosclerosis in DM depended, to a certain degree, on atherosclerosis level in the population. There was a trend to a decrease of atherosclerosis severity within the second interval in Malme and Praha, and its increase in Riga, Tallinn and Yalta. There was no significant difference in atherosclerosis severity that would depend on DM severity and regularity of its treatment.

[Evolution of aortic atherosclerosis in specific European cities in the the 60's and 80's]. / Evoliutsiia ateroskleroza aorty v otdel'nykh gorodakh Evropy v 60-x i 80-x godakh.

Repeated study of atherosclerosis epidemiology is performed in 5 European cities (Malme, Prague, Riga, Tallinn, Yalta) according to WHO recommendations 20 years after a similar study in the same regions. More frequent and more pronounced development of atherosclerosis in males of 20-39 years of age is found in the present study in 3 big cities (Prague, Riga, Tallinn) as compared to the population of small cities Malme and Yalta. The rejuvenation of atherosclerosis can not be explained by an ecological situation as in females atherosclerosis was most pronounced in Malme. Possible reasons of the evolution of atherosclerosis is discussed.

[Changes in the course of atherosclerosis occurring over a 25-year period in the male population of 9 cities of the CIS and Baltic countries]. / Izmeneniia v techenii ateroskleroza, proizoshedshie za 25-letnii period, u muzhskogo naseleniia 9 gorodov SNG i stran Baltii.

The trends in atherosclerosis presentation were followed up pathomorphologically in a two-stage epidemiological survey performed in 9 cities of CIC and Baltic states at 25-year interval. The investigations were conducted in accordance with WHO program. Stage 1 (1963-1968) covered 6121 cases, stage 2 (1985-1989) included 9201 cases. The material was collected on the condition of aortas and coronary arteries from 20-59-year-old males who were residents of the cities of Irkutsk, Yakutsk, Tallin, Tartu, Riga, Kharkov, Yalta, Ashkhabad, Bishkek. The 2-stage examinations gave evidence for growing severity of atherosclerosis. Risk factor analysis demonstrated an increase in the percentage of males with diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, in the percentage of overweight males and of those with atherosclerosis engaged in mental work. It is found that atherosclerosis undergoes changes within the life of one generation (for 20-25 years).

[Classification and the criteria of hypertrophy of the heart based on data from the weighing of its separate parts]. / Klassifikatsiia i kriterii gipertrofii serdtsa po dannym razdel'nogo vzveshivaniia ego chastei.

Variation statistical analysis of summary data of separate weighing parts of the hearts of 605 apparently normal subjects was carried out. The ranges of normal variations, the borders of the transitional zone, and criteria of pathology by 15 parameters of the myocardium weight were determined by the method of sigmal deviations and centil method. Two variants of pathoanatomical classification of changes in the heart weight are proposed. The first variant is based on two criteria: myocardial-height and ventricle indices. It includes 6 forms of changes of the muscle weight: absolute and relative hypertrophy of the right and left ventricles, combined hypertrophy of both ventricles, and myocardial atrophy. The second variant is based on comparative evaluation of the absolute weight of the right and left ventricles, allowing to distinguish 10 forms of changes of the myocardium weight. Both variants allow an objective and significant classification of any case. Nomograms have been compiled to facilitate the use of the classifications.

[Methods of the multivariate statistical analysis of so-called polyetiological diseases using the example of coronary heart disease]. / Metody mnogomernogo statisticheskogo analiza tak nazyvaemykh poliétiologicheskikh zabolevanii na primere koronarnoi bolezni serdtsa.

General characteristics of the multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) is given. Methodical premises and criteria for the selection of an adequate MSA method applicable to pathoanatomic investigations of the epidemiology of multicausal diseases are presented. The experience of using MSA with computors and standard computing programs in studies of coronary arteries aterosclerosis on the materials of 2060 autopsies is described. The combined use of 4 MSA methods: sequential, correlational, regressional, and discriminant permitted to quantitate the contribution of each of the 8 examined risk factors in the development of aterosclerosis. The most important factors were found to be the age, arterial hypertension, and heredity. Occupational hypodynamia and increased fatness were more important in men, whereas diabetes melitus--in women. The registration of this combination of risk factors by MSA methods provides for more reliable prognosis of the likelihood of coronary heart disease with a fatal outcome than prognosis of the degree of coronary aterosclerosis.

[Diagnostic information content of electrocardiographic signs of myocardial scars in ischemic heart disease]. / Diagnosticheskaia informativnost' élektrokardiograficheskikh priznakov rubtsov miokarda pri ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

A study was made of 326 cases with scars of the myocardium more than 5 mm in size and of 697 cases without any scars. The ECG changes were classified according to the Minnesota Code. Among cased in which scars were found on autopsy, the ECG had made it possible to establish (by WHO criteria) myocardial infarction in 34%, other chronic forms of ischemic heart disease in 35%, miscellaneous changes in 26%, and showed no changes in 5% of cases. The sensitivity of the electrocardiographic method in revealing myocardial scars proved to be low: the frequency of false-negative results according to any of the signs exceeded 30% in transmural scars and 60% in non-transmural scars. The most valuable diagnostic information was yielded by Q and QS waves (Codes I-1 and I-2), artial fibrillation, changes in T waves (Code V-2) and total block of the left branch of the bundle of His (in diminishing succession).

[Arteriosclerosis in men doing physical and mental work]. / Ateroskleroz u muzhchin, zanimaiushchikhsia fizicheskim i umstvennym trudom

In males engaged in doing physical and mental work a morphometric study with due consideration given to their condition of nurishment (in a group of practically healthy only), smoking habits and heteditary-familial history with respect to cardio-vascular diseases, was undertaken. Use was made of the autopsy materials obtaned in studying the epidemiology of atherosclerosis in some cities of the USSR. In persons doing brain work, well nourished, with long-standing smoking habits and adverse hereditary-familial history the intensity of atherosclerosis in the aorta and coronary arteries was more pronounced that in individuals doing manual work and exposed to the same risk factors. This gives reason to believe that the occupational factors does influence the development of atherosclerosis (above all in the coronary arteries) to a greater degree than the other ones, mentioned above.