Mechanism underlying Fanmugua () leaf multicomponent synergistic therapy for anemia: data mining based on hematopoietic network.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the underlying mechanism of Fanmugua (Fructus Caricae) Leaf (CPL) multicomponent synergistic therapy for anemia. METHODS: The components were identified in the literature. Six databases were searched for targets of CPL. Enrichment analysis was used to determine the targets associated with anemia and in bone marrow. Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, pathways and targets related to hematopoiesis were obtained. The key targets were obtained by protein-protein interaction analysis. Molecular docking was used to analyze the binding ability of key targets and active components. Bone marrow cells were used as an experimental model to verify the drug efficacy. RESULTS: A total of 139 components and 1868 targets of CPL were retrieved from the literature. By disease enrichment analysis, 543 targets for hemorrhagic anemia, 223 targets for aplastic anemia, and 126 targets for sickle cell anemia were obtained. Target organ enrichment yielded 27, 29, and 20 targets of bone marrow. Based on KEGG pathway enrichment, a total of 47 shared hematopoietic pathways and 42 related targets were found. The key targets were vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin 10 (IL-10), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM1), C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1). The CPL active components included ursolic acid, quercetin, and hesperidin. The expression of VEGFA was significantly increased after CPL treatment. Quercetin and ursolic acid acted on VEGFA. Quercetin and Hesperidin acted on VCAM1. Quercetin acted on IL-10, CCL2, VCAM1, and VEGFA. Cell experiments revealed that CPL could promote the proliferation and migration of bone marrow cells. CONCLUSIONS: CPL has the synergistic efficacy of treating anemia through multiple components, targets, and pathways.

Adverse reproductive function induced by maternal BPA exposure is associated with abnormal autophagy and activating inflamation via mTOR and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways in female offspring rats.

Bisphenol A (BPA) can affect reproductive function, but its mechanism of reproductive toxicity is unclear, and the effect of BPA on the onset of puberty was inconsistent. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of perinatal exposure to BPA on the onset of puberty and reproductive function, and its mechanism from the aspect of autophagy and inflammation in ovarian and uterus tissues of female offspring. Twenty-one pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control group, 1 µg/mL BPA (LBPA) and 10 µg/mL BPA group (HBPA) via drinking water from gestational day 6 to the end of lactation. After weaning, female offspring rats were fed a normal diet and drinking water for 5 weeks. The levels of E2, LH, FSH, T, and IL-6 and TNF-α, and the onset of puberty, and morphological changes in ovarian and uterine were determined in female offspring at 8 weeks. The levels of TLR4, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and autophagy related protein in uterine tissue were also detected. Our results indicated that perinatal exposure to BPA advanced puberty, which was associated with increased serum E2, LH and FSH levels. There was a significantly thin endometrium epithelium in HBPA group compared with control group, which may affect reproductive function. The adverse effect of perinatal BPA exposure on reproductive function maybe was associated with the activation of inflammation and abnormal autophagy via TLR4/NF-κB and mTOR signaling pathways respectively in female offspring.

Study progress of adipose tissue endopIasmic reticuIum stress and chiIdhood obesity-reIated type 2 diabetes / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

In rkcknt ekars,thk incidknck of childhood obksite has also incrkaskd ekar be ekar as pkoplk＇s living standards ckkp improving. Ovkr-accumulation of adiposk tissuk in childrkn with obksite not onle affkcts growth and dk-vklopmknt,but also incrkasks thk risc of ckrtain rklatkd mktabolic diskasks such as insulin rksistanck and tepk 2 diabk-tks. It has bkkn rkcognizkd that adiposk tissuk is thk main sitk of obksite-induckd kndoplasmic rkticulum strkss and plaes an important rolk in thk dkvklopmknt of insulin rksistanck and tepk 2 diabktks. Ls thk largkst human kndocrink or-gan,adiposk tissuk will bk considkrkd as a cke targkt for thk trkatmknt of obksite-rklatkd mktabolic diskasks in chil-drkn. Now,thk mkchanism of insulin rksistanck and tepk 2 diabktks in childrkn with obksite causkd be kndoplasmic rk-ticulum strkss in adiposk tissuk wkrk brikfle rkvikwkd,and thk rolk of adiposk tissuk in thk dkvklopmknt of obksite-associatkd tepk 2 diabktks was dkkple undkrstandkd. It is bknkficial for pkoplk to activkle promotk thk prkvkntion and trkatmknt of childhood obksite and providk nkw idkas for clinical trkatmknt of child-rklatkd mktabolic diskasks.

Stability of Ceftazidime and Ormidazole Chloride Sodium Injection with Sequential Intravenous Dripping / 中国药师

Objective: To investigate the compatible stability of ceftazidime and ormidazole chloride sodium injection with sequential intravenous dripping.Methods: The contents and the absorption curves of ceftazidime and ormidazole sodium chloride injection in the mixture were determined by UV.The appearance of the solution was observed and the pH value was determined.Results: With the quality ratio of ceftazidime to ormidazole at 1∶25, 1∶50 and 1∶100, the mixture color changed from light yellow to light pink in 40, 45 and 48 min, respectively, and gradually deepened with the extension of time.With the quality ratio of ormidazole to ceftazidime mixture at 1∶400, 1∶800 and 1∶1 600, the color was stable in 3 h.There were no evident changes in the appearance, pH, content and absorption curves.Conclusion: The solution containing ormidazole and ceftazidime might have changes in color.Clinical pharmacist suggests that ormidazole chloride sodium injection be given intravenously, and then sequentially followed by ceftazidime.

Application of clinical pathway teaching model in new nurses pre-job training / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To observe the role of clinical pathway method of teaching in the new nurses pre-job standardization training, and provide evidence for the exploration of scientific teaching methods. Methods Make training manual for new nurses on the basis of clinical path model. New nurses were assigned randomly to clinical pathway group (29 cases) and control group (28 cases). The clinical pathway and effective quality supervision were adopted in clinical pathway group, and the traditional teaching method were adopted in control group. The level of theory, basic skills, professional skills were evaluated, and satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment were collected and analyzed. Results The results of theory, basic skills, and professional skills in clinical pathway group were (89.41 ± 5.07), (95.28 ± 2.96), (93.10 ± 2.86) points, and those in control group were (80.92 ± 7.64), (89.82 ± 3.77), (85.57 ± 5.33) points, the differences were significant (t=4.792, 6.083, 6.682, P=0.000).The number of satisfaction of teaching method was 28 cases in clinical pathway group and 22 cases in control group, the difference was significant (Z=38.316, P=0.000). Learning motivation, the ability of autonomous learning, communication, problem analyzing and solving, critical thinking, and the nursing behavior standardization in the self-assessment part in clinical pathway group were all better than those in the control group, the differences were significant (Z=-3.938~-2.143, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The application of clinical pathway method in new nurses pre-job training could effectively improve the level of theory, basic skills and professional skills, increase their satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment.

Application of clinical pathway teaching model in new nurses pre-job training / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To observe the role of clinical pathway method of teaching in the new nurses pre-job standardization training, and provide evidence for the exploration of scientific teaching methods. Methods Make training manual for new nurses on the basis of clinical path model. New nurses were assigned randomly to clinical pathway group (29 cases) and control group (28 cases). The clinical pathway and effective quality supervision were adopted in clinical pathway group, and the traditional teaching method were adopted in control group. The level of theory, basic skills, professional skills were evaluated, and satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment were collected and analyzed. Results The results of theory, basic skills, and professional skills in clinical pathway group were (89.41 ± 5.07), (95.28 ± 2.96), (93.10 ± 2.86) points, and those in control group were (80.92 ± 7.64), (89.82 ± 3.77), (85.57 ± 5.33) points, the differences were significant (t=4.792, 6.083, 6.682, P=0.000).The number of satisfaction of teaching method was 28 cases in clinical pathway group and 22 cases in control group, the difference was significant (Z=38.316, P=0.000). Learning motivation, the ability of autonomous learning, communication, problem analyzing and solving, critical thinking, and the nursing behavior standardization in the self-assessment part in clinical pathway group were all better than those in the control group, the differences were significant (Z=-3.938~-2.143, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The application of clinical pathway method in new nurses pre-job training could effectively improve the level of theory, basic skills and professional skills, increase their satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment.

Professional distribution analysis on the inpatient with mental illness / 中国基层医药

Objective To understand the professional distribution of different mental illness,to explore the relationship between mental illness and professional distribution for mental illness early prevention,early intervention and rehabilitation therapy.Methods From January 1,2003 to December 31,2007,mental illness patients'clinical data of psychiatric hospital in Taiyuan city area and psychiatric residency in Taiyuan city hospital were retrospectively analyzed.This paper reviewed diagnosis by a psychiatrist unified training according to the international statistical clas-sification of diseases and related health problems(ICD -10)mental and behavior disorders diagnostic point of classifi-cation standards to ensure that the total effective medical record information collected 16 495 cases(group);17 039 114 cases of control group in the same period of Taiyuan and Taiyuan city public security bureau to provide permanent population statistics data.SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the two data.Results Prevalence of mental illness during he occupation of the population of 0.968%,the average age of 38.11 years,and students around the age of 18 retirees,in the 65 years and other occupations in 30 to 40 years old,these were three good age stages of mental illness,the age of the unemployed(including the unemployed,the unemployed and the unemployed)preva-lence was highest,accounting for 4.223%.Workers and farmers followed,business,service providers and students prevalence was lower.In the case group and control group cadres was statistically significant difference in proportion of occupational composition(U =2.67,P 1.14);Workers(U =52.20,P <52.20),farmers(U =15.25,P <15.25 ),unemployed (U =106.16,P <0.001),the case group was significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant;Pro-fessional and technical personnel(U =13.97,P <0.001 ),business services personnel(U =30.39,P <30.39), student(U =62.94,P <62.94),and other professional(U =23.88,P <0.001)cases constitute a significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion The mental illness and the profession have certain relevance,different careers or age prevalence and kinds of disease have obvious difference.

Research and practice of management of preoperative examination based on quality control circle / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of implementation of QCC (quality control circle) in management of preoperative examination.Methods Through analysis of the common factors of patients' preoperative examination,the QCC was used to manage every parts of preoperative examination,and the nursing process of preoperative examination for resident patients was formulated.The effect of nursing management of preoperative examination before and after the implementation of QCC was investigated and compared.Results The result showed that the degree of satisfaction was significantly higher than before,and the risk incident was significantly lower than before.Conclusions To carry out QCC could improve the efficiency of preoperative examination and the patients' safety,as well as enhance the awareness of the nursing management.

Risk factors for age-related macular degeneration in elderly Chinese population in Shenyang of China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The paper aims to evaluate the risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in elderly Chinese population in Shenyang, a northeast city of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was conducted to investigate the risk factors for the prevalence of AMD. Ninety three AMD patients diagnosed by a complete ophthalmic examination were recruited as cases from the outpatient departments of two eye hospitals in Shenyang, while 108 normal subjects of similar age and sex were recruited as controls. A questionnaire was administered among both cases and controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>AMD patients aged 60 years and older accounted for 75.3%. There were significantly higher educational levels, shorter smoking history, less sunlight exposure and cataract, and higher proportion of antioxidants intake in controls than in AMD patients. The frequency of intake of fruits, legumes, fish and shrimps was significantly higher in controls than in AMD patients. In a binary logistic regression analysis, smoking and cataract were the risk factors for AMD (OR: 4.44, 95% CI: 2.27-8.69; OR: 4.47, 95% CI: 2.26-8.85 respectively). The high educational background was a protective factor for AMD (OR: 0.761, 95% CI: 0.51-0.98).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A low educational background, smoking and cataract are associated with a higher prevalence of AMD.</p>