Effects of tourism and eco-innovation on environmental quality in selected ASEAN countries.

Environmental issues have gained the attention of regulators and researchers worldwide. This present study empirically examines the validation of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in the selected ASEAN economies for the period 1995-2018 in the presence of eco-innovations and tourism. This study assesses the short-run and long-run relationship between carbon dioxide emission, tourism, eco-innovations, and economic growth in ASEAN countries. To fulfil the objectives of the study, Westerlund and Edgerton (Oxf Bull Econ Stat 70:665-704, 2008) and Banerjee and Carrion-i-Silvestre (J Time Ser Anal 38:610-636, 2017) co-integration analysis have been applied to estimate the co-integration among variables because cross-sectional dependence (CSD) and slope heterogeneity was present. The short-run and the long-run empirical estimation have been done through cross-sectional auto distributive lag model. The findings provide evidence that an inverted U-shape nexus exists between carbon (CO2) emissions and economic growth in the ASEAN countries, a validation of EKC. Eco-innovations and tourism are found to be the factors that mitigate CO2 emissions. AMG and CCEMG results also confirm the robustness of short-run and long-run results. The findings of the study suggest that governments in ASEAN countries should promote tourism and eco-innovations (i.e., research and development) to mitigate CO2 emission, which poses serious threats to environmental sustainability. Also, tourism and eco-innovations are the drivers of economic growth, and growth reconciles with environmental sustainability in the selected ASEAN countries. This study provides guidelines to the policymakers while formulating the regulations related to environmental degradation.

Study on the status and influencing factors of treatment and nursing decision making in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of participation in treatment and nursing decision-making in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 230 COPD patients hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from October 2021 to May 2022 by using the general situation questionnaire, questionnaire of patients′ decision-making regarding treatment and care, Patient Doctor Relationship Questionnaire, 13-Item Version, Nursing-Patient Relationship Trust Scale and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease knowledge Questionnaire, Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of patients′ participation in treatment and nursing decision-making.Results:The participation attitude score of COPD patients′ treatment decision-making was (1.93 ± 0.55) points, the participation degree score of COPD patients′ treatment decision-making was (2.29 ± 0.46) points, the participation attitude score of COPD patients′nursing decision-making was (1.84 ± 0.42) points, and the participation degree score of COPD patients′ nursing decision-making was (2.03 ± 0.35) points. Gender, education level, occupation or occupation before retirement, the number of hospitalizations due to acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year, modified medical research council, doctor-patient relationship, and nurse-patient relationship were the influencing factors for patients to participate in treatment and nursing decision-making ( OR values were 0.070 to 18.368, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The participation attitude of COPD patients in treatment and nursing decision-making is negative and the degree of participation is low. Medical staff should correctly assess the reasons for the low participation of patients, and take targeted individualized measures to support patients to actively participate in treatment and nursing decision-making.

Application of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scores in the risk assessment of elderly hip fracture surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Since Mohamed et al. analyzed 2326 orthopedic cases in 2002 and believed that the POSSUM formula can be directly used to predict postoperative morbidity and mortality in orthopedic patients, applications of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scores in the hip fracture surgery have been mostly reported in the field of orthopedics, but there are still some inconsistencies in the related reports. METHODS: The electronic library was searched for all literature that met the purpose from its inception to 2021. Relative risk (RR) was selected to evaluate whether the model could be used to assess the risk of surgery in patients with elderly hip fractures. Finally, sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were performed. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were finally included, including 9 retrospective and 4 prospective studies.The morbidity analysis includes 11 studies, and the result was RR = 1.07 (95% CI 0.93-1.24), The mortality analysis includes 11 studies on POSSUM and 5 studies on P-POSSUM. The results of mortality by POSSUM and by P-POSSUM were RR = 1.93 (95% CI 1.21-3.08) and RR = 1.15 (95% CI 0.89-1.50), respectively. POSSUM had more accuracy to predict mortality for sample < 200 subgroup(RR = 2.45; 95% CI 0.71-8.42) than sample > 200 subgroup(RR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.06-2.40), and in the subgroup of hip fractures that did not distinguish between specific fracture types(RR = 1.69, 95% CI 0.87-3.32) than intertrochanteric neck fracture subgroup(RR = 5.04, 95% CI 1.07-23.75) and femoral femoral fracture subgroup(RR = 1.43,95% CI 1.10-1.84). CONCLUSION: POSSUM can be used to predict morbidity in elderly hip fractures. The P-POSSUM was more accurate in predicting mortality in elderly hip fracture patients compared to the POSSUM, whose predictive value for mortality was influenced by the sample size and type of fracture studied. In addition, we believe that appropriate improvements to the POSSUM system are needed to address the characteristics of orthopedic surgery.

Investigation of two types of portable γ spectrometer applicability for measurement of thyroid 131I activity and internal doses to radiation workers / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the differences in applicability of both the portable high-purity germanium (HPGe) γ spectrometer and the portable lanthanum bromide (LaBr) γ spectrometer for measuring thyroid 131I activity and internal exposure monitoring for radiation workers. Method:Both DETECTIVE-DX100-KT portable HPGe γ spectrometer and InSpector 1000 portable LaBr γ spectrometer were used to measure the 131I content in thyroid of radiation workers for comparison of the measuring result, minimum detectable activity (MDA) and corresponding annual committed effective doses between two types of spectrometers. Results:The detection rate of 131I in thyroid of radiation workers was 67.7% for HPGe γ spectrometer and 26.2% for LaBr γ spectrometer, respectively. The MDA was 12.26-14.74 Bq (measuring time: 3-5 min) for HPGe γ spectrometer and 56.56-80.37 Bq for LaBr γ spectrometer (measuring time: 2-4 min). The annual committed effective dose corresponding to MDA was 0.07-0.08 mSv (3-5 min) for HPGe and 0.31-0.45 mSv (2-4 min) for LaBr, respectively, in the case of using chronic continuous intake mode and 7 d monitoring period. Conclusions:The minimum detectable activity (MDA) of the two types of portable spectrometers could meet the requirements specified in GBZ 129-2016 Specifications for individual monitoring of occupational internal exposure for thyroid monitoring equipment. The two types of spectrometers could be used for routine monitoring of internal contamination. The difference between the monitoring result of LaBr γ and HPGe γ spectrometers might be due to such factors as large uncertainty in short measuring time and low activity concentrations, incomplete identical of distance between probe and neck, probe angle setting, different response of equipment to the environment, background deduction method.

Research progress on prevention of hand occupational contact dermatitis in nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Occupational contact dermatitis is the most common occupational skin disease. It has a high incidence among healthcare workers, especially nurses. It has an impact on work and life. This paper reviews the research progress, risk factors, intervention measures, evaluation indicators of nurses′ hand occupational contact dermatitis, and provides references for the future researches.

Research progress on multicomponent physical exercise for patients with neurocognitive impairment / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Neurocognitive impairment is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by impaired cognitive function and decreased motor ability. Non-pharmacological interventions such as physical exercise have advantages in the treatment of patients with neurocognitive impairment. Multicomponent exercise is a combination of various physical exercises, including strength training, endurance training, balance training and flexibility training, that can improve gait, balance and cardiopulmonary function by increasing muscle mass, strength and endurance in people with neurocognitive impairment, while also reducing the risk of falls in elders. This article reviews the benefits of multicomponent exercise for patients with neurocognitive impairment and its evaluation methods; also describes 4 intervention programs and their clinical application, to provide evidence for clinical practice and promote the application of multicomponent exercise in patients with neurocognitive impairment.

Summary of the best evidence for physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To summarize the best evidence of physical activity (PA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods:According to the 6S evidence model, BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) database, National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) network, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), Guidelines International Network (GIN), New Zealand Guideline Group (NZGG) network, Registered Nurses′ Association of Ontario (RNAO) network, Medlive, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Knowledge Data Service Platform, VIP database and Chinese Biomedical Database and European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society were searched systematically to obtain guidelines, expert consensus, best practice information book, clinical decision-making, recommended practice, and systematic review on PA management in patients with COPD. The data retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to April 30, 2022. Two researchers with evidence-based medicine background evaluated the quality and extracted evidence of the included literature.Results:A total of 19 articles were selected including 4 guidelines, 2 clinical decision, 9 systematic reviews, 3 expert consensus and 1 randomized controlled trial. Finally, 33 pieces of best evidence were formed from 10 themes, namely pre-exercise assessment, exercise prescription, exercise style, time, intensity, PA location, safety and effectiveness of PA, intervention strategies, effect evaluation and quality control.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence of PA in patients with COPD. Health professionals should choose and apply the best evidence with consideration of the clinical situation and patient preference.

Preliminary study on assessment of internal dose to workers exposed to 131I radionuclide / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To explore the assessment methodology for internal dose to workers exposed to 131I radionuclide. Methods:Workers were chosen in a 131I radiopharmaceutial manufacturer and a nuclear medicine department in a hospital using 131I to treat hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. A portable high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometer was used to measure the content of 131I in the thyroid for 4 consecutive times in a period of 7 d. The internal dose was estimated combining with the work rotation mode for workers dealing with 131I. Results:When the monitoring month was used as a typical month to estimate the internal dose, the annual committed effective dose was 0.09-1.93 mSv for the production staff engaged in the repackaging of 131I radiopharmaceuticals in the surveyed enterprise, and 0.06-0.58 mSv for the nuclear medicine staff in the surveyed hospital. After adjusting the monitoring result of the current monitoring period based on the rotation mode, the annual committed effective dose was estimated to be 0.06-1.22 mSv for radiopharmaceutical production workers and 0.03-0.15 mSv for nuclear medicine workers, respectively. Conclusions:In the assessment of internal dose to radiation workers exposed to 131I, using a single time measurement result to estimate the annual dose would lead to a larger error. In the case of continuous monitoring, the result of subsequent monitoring periods should be corrected according to the result of previous monitoring periods. In order to accurately estimate the internal dose of workers exposed to 131I, it is necessary to take full account of the 131I exposure pattern, time and frequency and the internal contamination route. For workers who may be exposed to 131I with potential internal dose greater than 1 mSv/year, a 14 day-routine monitoring period was appropriate.

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability and validity of Return-To-Work Scale in the young and middle-age stroke patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To translate the English version and cross-cultural adaptation of Readiness for Return-To-Work Scale (RRTW) into Chinese and tested the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of RRTW in young and middle-aged stroke patients.Methods:RRTW was translated into Chinese with standard translation-retroversion. From August to December 2020, 235 stroke patients in the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University were recruited by convenient sampling. The scale was tested by the reliability and validity.Results:The Chinese version of RRTW for stroke was composed of two parts: The first part was divided into four dimensions, with a total of 13 entries; For the unworked stroke population, the second part was divided into two dimensions, with a total of nine entries for the reworked stroke population. The content validity index (CVI) for each item was from 0.875 to 1.000. The total CVI for all items was 0.994. The Pearson correlation coefficient between dimension and scale was from 0.523 to 0.876. Four common factors were obtained from the first part and the cumulative contribution rate was 62.563%. Two common factors were obtained from the second part and the cumulative contribution rate was 49.908%. The Cronbach α coefficient in the first part was 0.760 and in the second part was 0.693.Conclusions:The Chinese version of RRTW for stroke patients has good reliability and validity, which can be used to assess the readiness level of stroke patients to return to work in Chinese society.

The investigation on the radioactivity level of 90Sr in tea leaves in the vicinity of Ningde nuclear power plant / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To investigation the radioactivity level of 90Sr in tea leaves within and outside 30 km range of Ningde nuclear power plant. Methods The tea leaves within and outside the 30 km range of Ningde Nuclear Power Plant were collected from 2013 to 2018. According to“Radiochemical analysis of strontium-90 in water and ash of biological samples” (HJ 815—2016), the separation and analysis of 90Sr-90Y were carried outusing the method of di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (HDEHP) chromatography. Results During the period of 2013-2018, the radioactivity concentrations of 90Sr in the tea leaves within the range of 30 km around the Ningde nuclear power plant were 0.486～13.29 Bq/kg and that of 90Sr in the tea leaves outside the range of 30 km around the nuclear power station were 1.021～17.19 Bq/kg. Conclusion During the six years of operation in Ningde Nuclear Power Plant, there was no increase in the radioactivity level of 90Sr in the tea leaves around the nuclear power plant.

Preparation of a new high-performance calcium-based desulfurizer using a steam jet mill.

Dry flue gas desulfurization is an increasingly attractive technique in SO2 emission control. However, the low efficiency in dry desulphurization is the bottleneck of this technology. To find a high-performance desulfurizer is an urgent task. This research utilized a steam jet mill digestion to prepare a desulfurizer at steam temperature of 220 ℃ and pressure of 0.45 MPa, and compared this product with the conventional digestion desulfurizer. Our results show that the digestion in steam jet mill can transform all the calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide. The calcium hydroxide had good fluidity and with honeycomb morphological characteristics. The experiments of dry flue gas desulfurization demonstrated that under the relative humidity of 15, 30 and 45%, the total dead times were 340, 640 and 720 min, the working time for keeping a 100% desulfurization efficiency were 120, 420 and 580 min, and the total sulfur fixation were 124.05, 274.58 and 332.09 mg. Compared with the desulfurizer by conventional dry digestion, the desulfurizer prepared in this research had a significantly superior performance. This experiment provides a new method for high-performance desulfurizer via quicklime digestion, which is an important step in pushing forward the application of dry flue gas desulfurization.

The incidence and risk factors for hip fractures in elderly patients within two years after stroke onset / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for hip fractures in patients within two years after stroke onset.Methods:A total of 332 persons with first-onset stroke from the neurology department of our hospital between 1 June 2013 and 31 December 2014 were recruited and were divided into the hip fracture group and the non-hip fracture group.Clinical characteristics were recorded.Vision was tested as normal or impaired.Patients were accessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS), Behavioral Inattention Test, Baking Tray Task, Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE), Birgitta Lindmark(BL)motor assessment scale, Berg Balance Scale(BBS), Timed Up & Go(TUG)Scale, and Stops Walking When Talking(SWWT)Scale.The clinic characteristics and risk factors for hip fractures were compared between the two groups after a 2-year follow-up.The accuracy of risk factors for fracture prediction was assessed by the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values.Results:Of 332 patients with stroke, 16 cases fractured their hips within two years after stroke onset, which corresponded to an incidence of 33‰/year(95% CI: 15‰/year-50‰/year). The 2-year mortality rate was 44%(95% CI: 25%-60%)and 48%(95% CI: 42%-54%)in patients with and without hip fractures respectively( χ2=0.036, P=0.724). The mean survival time for patients with and without hip fracture was 2.72 years(95% CI: 1.45-2.79)and 2.21 years(95% CI: 1.48-2.34)respectively.The proportions of patients with previous fractures history( χ2=16.780, P=0.041)and impaired vision( χ2=11.210, P=0.027), MMSE scale score( U=14.220, P=0.031), TUG ≥ 15 s( χ2=18.560, P=0.000)were higher, and SWWT( χ2=20.340, P=0.000)was lower in the hip fracture group than in the non-hip fracture group.The negative predictive values of previous fractures history, impaired vision, TUG and SWWT were higher than their positive predictive value.The specificities of previous fractures history, impaired vision, and SWWT were higher than their sensitivities.And the sensitivity of TUG was higher than its specificity. Conclusions:Hip fractures after stroke are common in elderly patients.Fractures often occur during daytime at home in daily activities.The previous fractures history, visual and cognitive dysfunction and impaired functional mobility are risk factors for hip fractures.We should take measures to prevent falls according to the relevant factors.Among the test scales, the timed up & go(TUG)scale could much more accurately identify patients at high risk for hip fractures.

Investigation and analysis on the basic situation of radiotherapy application in Fujian province in 2016 / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To ascertain the basic situation of radiotherapy in Fujian in 2016.Methods:Based on the unified questionnaire, the types and quantity of radiotherapy and its corollary equipment, the number of radiotherapy staff and the work for quality control were surveyed in the radiotherapy units in the whole province, and the data on patients undergoing radiotherapy and other types of patients were collected from 26 hospitals. The total number of radiotherapy patients in the whole province was estimated by the correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:Radiotherapy was performed in a total of 32 hospitals in Fujian province in 2016. Among them, there were 62 sets of radiotherapy equipment, 33 sets of the simulators, 57 sets of treatment planning systems and 762 workers. The total number of 15 156 radiotherapy patients in 26 hospital were available for the survey. Multiple linear regression models showed that the frequency of application of medical electron accelerator was positively correlated with number of outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients, number of radiotherapy staff, number of electron accelerators ( r=0.311, 0.893, 0.956, P<0.05). Meanwhile, the frequency of aterloading brachytherapy was positively correlated with number of outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients, number of radiotherapy staff, number of aterloading brachytherapy units ( r=0.307, 0.966, 0.988, P<0.05). The frequency of radiotherapy was 0.54 patients per 1 000 population in Fujian in 2016. The delivered dose calibration of accelerators was performed in all hospitals involved in line with the relevant regulations, but the number of quality control equipment for radiotherapy was insufficient, such as the QA beam checker or well-type ionization chamber. Conclusions:In recent years, the rapid development of radiotherapy has been seen in Fujian province. The radiotherapy management should focus on standardenized and improved quality control and regulation in future.

Prediction value of antithrombin Ⅲ activity in the prognosis of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To analyze the relationship between antithrombin Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ) activity and survival, bleeding and thrombosis complications in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and to explore the prediction value of AT-Ⅲ activity in the prognosis of ACLF patients.Methods:The clinical data of 130 hospitalized patients with ACLF were retrospectively collected in Wuxi No.5 People′s Hospital from January 1, 2013 to April 1, 2019. The liver function, international normalized ratio (INR), and 90-day survival rate were detected. The AT-Ⅲ activity values at admission, week two, week four, and week eight of hospitalization were recorded, and the occurrences of fecal occult blood and femoral vein thrombosis were also recorded. The measurement data were compared by t test, analysis of variance, or rank sum test, and the categorical data were compared by chi-square test. The risk factors affecting the survival of ACLF patients were analyzed by Cox regression. The survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results:At the end of 90-day follow-up of 130 patients, 56 patients died, 20 patients (15.38%) were fecal occult blood positive and 15 (11.54%) had femoral vein thrombosis. The baseline AT-Ⅲ activity in the death group was lower than that in the survival group ((17.89±13.68)% vs (36.03±11.96)%), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-8.045, P<0.01). The baseline AT-Ⅲ activities in fecal occult blood positive and negative patients were (18.26±11.52)% and (25.06±10.97)%, respectively, and in femoral vein thrombosis and non-thrombotic patients were (17.55±10.33)% and (32.48±11.88)%, respectively. The differences were both statistically significant ( t=8.746 and 8.090, respectively, both P<0.01). Through dynamic monitoring of AT-Ⅲ, the AT-Ⅲ activity showed a downward trend in the death group, while that showed an upward trend in the survival group, but the differences were not statistically significant ( F=0.282 and 0.401, respectively, both P>0.05). The Cox regression analysis suggested INR (odds ratio ( OR)=1.364, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.078-1.726, P=0.010) and AT-Ⅲ activity ( OR=0.930, 95% CI 0.906-0.954, P<0.01) were the independent factors affecting the survival of patients with ACLF. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the AT-Ⅲ activity for predicting 90-day survival outcome of the patient was 0.706 (95% CI 0.773-0.952, P<0.01), and the cut-off value was 25%. Patients with AT-Ⅲ activity ≥ 25% had a higher survival rate than those with AT-Ⅲ activity <25% ( χ2=58.20, P<0.01). Conclusions:AT-Ⅲ activity is associated with fecal occult blood positive and femoral vein thrombosis in ACLF patients. The AT-Ⅲ activity is an independent influencing factor for predicting the prognosis of ACLF patients. Patients with AT-Ⅲ activity less than 25% have the higher mortality rate.

Analysis of the monitoring results of edible iodized salt in Nanchang City from 2013 to 2018 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the monitoring situation of iodized salt in Nanchang City after implementation of the new iodized salt standard, in order to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategy to iodine deficiency disorders.Methods:From 2013 to 2015, according to "Jiangxi Province Surveillance Pilot Scheme of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (2012)", 9 counties (districts) were selected for surveillance of iodized salt, every county (district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the east, west, south, north, and middle positions, and 1 township (street) was selected from each area, 4 administrative villages (neighborhood committees) were selected from each township (street), and 15 samples of household salt were sampled from each administrative village (neighborhood committee). From 2016 to 2018, according to "National Surveillance Pilot Scheme of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (2016)", some counties (districts) were divided into 5 sampling areas according to the east, west, south, north, and middle positions, and 1 township (street) was selected from each area, 1 elementary school was selected from each township (street), 40 non-boarding students aged 8 to 10 (aged balanced, half male and female) were selected from each elementary school, and salt samples from students' homes were collected and in each township (street) salt samples were collected from 20 pregnant women's homes. The remaining counties (districts) were sampled in accordance with "Jiangxi Province Surveillance Pilot Scheme of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (2012)". The iodine content of salt samples was detected, and the coverage rate, qualified rate and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were calculated.Results:From 2013 to 2018, the coverage rate of iodized salt, the qualified rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 99.52% (16 122/16 200), 95.83% (15 449/16 122) and 95.36% (15 449/16 200), respectively, and the median salt iodine was 23.50 mg/kg; the coverage rate of iodized salt in 2018 was the lowest [98.63% (2 663/2 700)], and the difference was statistically significant between different years (χ 2 = 97.856, P < 0.05); the qualified rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were both the lowest in 2016, which were 93.93% (2 509/2 671) and 92.93% (2 509/2 700) , respectively. There were significant differences in the qualified rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt between different years (χ 2 = 65.090, 81.053, P < 0.05); the non-iodized salt rate in 2018 was the highest [1.37% (37/2 700)], and the difference was statistically significant between different years (χ 2 = 97.856, P < 0.05). From 2013 to 2018, the range of salt iodine content was 0.00 - 64.67 mg/kg. The coverage rate of iodized salt in Qingyunpu District and Nanchang County was both 100% (1 800/1 800), in Donghu District was the lowest [98.06% (1 765/1 800)]. There was significant difference in coverage rate of iodized salt among different counties (districts, χ 2 = 131.247, P < 0.05). The qualified rate of iodized salt in Qingyunpu District was the highest [99.11% (1 784/1 800) ], and in Xihu District was the lowest [93.16% (1 674/1 797)]. There was significant difference in qualified rate of iodized salt among different counties (districts, χ 2 = 127.257, P < 0.05). The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in Qingyunpu District was the highest [99.11% (1 784/1 800) ], and in Xihu District was the lowest [93.00% (1 674/1 800)]. There were significant differences in the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt among different counties (districts, χ 2 = 123.784, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in Nanchang City from 2013 to 2018 are generally stable, meeting the requirements of iodized salt index in iodine deficiency disorders elimination standard.

Meta analysis about the influence of physical therapy and respiratory muscle training on rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:The purpose of this study was to conduct a Meta-analysis to assess the influence of physical therapy and respiratory muscle training on rehabilitation of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To provide a basis for better rehabilitation exercise for patients, families, communities and hospitals.Methods:According to the literature search strategy, the relative literatures of randomized controlled trials (RCTS) of physical therapy and respiratory muscle training on rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were searched in Cochrane Library、MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、CBM、Wan Fang、CNKI and VIP from January 1990 to October 2017. Languages are limited to Chinese and English.The literatures were screened according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria by two people . Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 were used to assess the quality of articles. The data were analyzed by Revman5.3.Results:A total of 7 articles were finally included, among of these 5 of which were written in English , Others were written in Chinese .They included 7 studies of randomized controlled trial and 267 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .7 studies show that treadmill exercise and respiratory muscle exercise are the most common rehabilitation methods.7 articles result of Meta-analysis showed that there were statistical differences between physical therapy and respiratory muscle training and other therapies in 6MWD、mMRC and FEV 1%;More research is needed on the impact of other outcome measures. Conclusions:Physical therapy and respiratory muscle training is a reliable way of rehabilitation, it to the stabilization of COPD patients FEV 1 % of expected value, activity ability, the influence of the degree of difficulty in breathing has a positive role.It is not stable for the positive effect of FVC and FEV 1 .However, the effects of other outcome measures were not determined.

Simultaneous determination of four kinds of components in Gegen-Huangqin-Huanglian Decoction by UPLC-MS/MS / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To develop an UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of baicalin, berberine, glycyrrhizic acid and puerarin in Gegen-Huangqin-Huanglian Decoction. Methods:Isocratic elution was carried out with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile - 4 mmol/L ammonium formate. The separation was performed on ACE Excel 3 C18 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 3 μm), and the mass spectrometer was operated in the positive and negative ionization electrospray (ESI) mode using multiple monitoring (MRM) for analysis of four components. External standard method was used for fix quantity. The precursor to product ion transitions monitored for baicalin, berberine, glycyrrhizic acid and puerarin were m/z 447.0→271.0, 336.2→320.2, 821.4→350.9 and 415.2→294.9, respectively. Results:Baicalin, berberine, glycyrrhizic acid and puerarin were all analyzed exactly, the linear ranges were 0.002-0.080, 0.002-0.080, 0.001-0.040, 0.002-0.080 ng, respectively. The r were 0.998 3, 0.999 4, 0.997 9 and 0.999 5, respectively. The recoveries of four analytes ranged from 98.75% to 100.86% and the relative standard deviations were all below 0.74%. Conclusions:UPLC-MS/MS method is sensitive, accuate with rapid speed, which could be used for the determination of baicalin, berberine, glycyrrhizic acid and puerarin in Gegen-Huangqin-Huanglian Decoction.

Investigation on 90Sr concentrations in foods near Ningde Nuclear Power Plant in 2013-2017 / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective@#To investigate the 90Sr concentration levels in the monitoring areas and the control area at Ningde Nuclear Power Plant (NPP).@*Methods@#Food samples were collected from the monitoring areas in 30 km of Ningde NPP and the control area far away. The radioactive levels of 90Sr in food samples were analyzed using the chromatography with 2-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate fast extraction method.@*Results@#In this survey, 90Sr radioactive concentrations in 30 varieties of foods in 6 categories were analyzed. In the monitoring area, 90Sr radioactivity concentration in the samples collected were in the range of 0.017-1.830 Bq/kg for cereals, beans and potatoes, 0.021-0.318 Bq/kg for vegetables, 0.007-7.690 Bq/kg for quatic products, and 0.009-0.184 Bq/kg for meats; whereas, in the control area, cereals, beans and potatoes in 0.017-0.700 Bq/kg, vegetables in 0.034-0.677 Bq/kg, aquatic products in 0.038-3.360 Bq/kg, and meats in 0.019-0.054 Bq/kg.@*Conclusions@#The 90Sr radioactive concentrations in foods were far below the food standard limits in this survey. The contribution of evaluated to the public from the 90Sr in foods was neglectable.

Polymorphisms in endothelial protein C receptor gene and Kawasaki disease susceptibility in a Chinese children / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) gene and the risk of Kawasaki disease (KD) in a Chinese children.Methods:A total of 103 KD patients including 23 patients with coronary artery lesions (CAL) and 158 controls were recruited.Seven tagging SNPs (rs6088738,rs2069940,rs2069945,rs2069952,rs867186,rs9574,and rs1415774) of EPCR gene were selected for TaqMan allelic discrimination assay.The plasma soluble EPCR (sEPCR) levels of 53 KD and 52 healthy children were detected by ELISA.Results:We found a significant association between rs2069952,rs9574 or rs1415774 and higher probability for the occurrence of KD but not CAL formation.Interestingly,males with these 3 SNPs and rs2069945 SNPs bore a much greater risk of KD than females.The level of plasma sEPCR in children with KD didnot predict the formation of CAL.However,the allele G of rs867186 in EPCR was associated with the increased level of plasma sEPCR in KD patients.Conclusion:The SNPs of EPCR are associated with KD susceptibility in a Chinese Han children.

Investigation on 90Sr concentrations in foods near Ningde Nuclear Power Plant in 2013-2017 / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the 90Sr concentration levels in the monitoring areas and the control area at Ningde Nuclear Power Plant (NPP).Methods Food samples were collected from the monitoring areas in 30 km of Ningde NPP and the control area far away.The radioactive levels of 90Sr in food samples were analyzed using the chromatography with 2-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate fast extraction method.Results In this survey,90Sr radioactive concentrations in 30 varieties of foods in 6 categories were analyzed.In the monitoring area,90Sr radioactivity concentration in the samples collected were in the range of 0.017-1.830 Bq/kg for cereals,beans and potatoes,0.021-0.318 Bq/kg for vegetables,0.007-7.690 Bq/kg for quatic products,and 0.009-0.184 Bq/kg for meats;whereas,in the control area,cereals,beans and potatoes in O.017-0.700 Bq/kg,vegetables in 0.034-0.677 Bq/kg,aquatic products in 0.038-3.360 Bq/kg,and meats in 0.019-0.054 Bq/kg.Conclusions The 90Sr radioactive concentrations in foods were far below the food standard limits in this survey.The contribution of evaluated to the public from the 90Sr in foods was neglectable.