Correction to: The effect of magnesium on early osseointegration in osteoporotic bone: a histological and gene expression investigation.

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The effect of magnesium on early osseointegration in osteoporotic bone: a histological and gene expression investigation.

Magnesium has a key role in osteoporosis and could enhance implant osseointegration in osteoporotic patients. Titanium implants impregnated with Mg ions were installed in the tibia of ovariectomized rats. The release of Mg induced a significant increase of bone formation and the expression of anabolic markers in the peri-implant bone. INTRODUCTION: The success of endosseous implants is highly predictable in patients possessing normal bone status, but it may be impaired in patients with osteoporosis. Thus, the application of strategies that adjuvate implant healing in compromized sites is of great interest. Magnesium has a key role in osteoporosis prevention and it is an interesting candidate for this purpose. In this study, the cellular and molecular effects of magnesium release from implants were investigated at the early healing stages of implant integration. METHODS: Osteoporosis was induced in 24 female rats by means of ovariectomy and low-calcium diet. Titanium mini-screws were coated with mesoporous titania films and were loaded with magnesium (test group) or left as native (control group). The implants were inserted in the tibia and femur of the rats. One, 2 and 7 days after implantation, the implants were retrieved and histologically examined. In addition, expression of genes was evaluated in the peri-implant bone tissue at day 7 by means of quantitative polymerase chain reactions with pathway-oriented arrays. RESULTS: The histological evaluation revealed that new bone formation started already during the first week of healing for both groups. However, around the test implants, new bone was significantly more abundant and spread along a larger surface of the implants. In addition, the release of magnesium induced a significantly higher expression of BMP6. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that the release of magnesium promoted rapid bone formation and the activation of osteogenic signals in the vicinity of implants placed in osteoporotic bone.

Evaluation of humoral response and protective efficacy of two inactivated vaccines against bluetongue virus after vaccination of goats.

Bluetongue serotype 8 has become a major animal health issue in the European Union and the European member States have agreed on a vaccination strategy, which involves only inactivated vaccines. In this study, the efficacy of two inactivated vaccines against bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) used in Europe since 2008, BTVPUR ALSAP(®) 8 (MERIAL) and BOVILIS(®) BTV8 (Intervet/SP-AH), was evaluated in goats immunized and challenged with BTV-8 field isolates under experimental conditions. Serological, virological and clinical examinations were conducted before and after challenge. Three groups of 10 goats each (groups A, B and C) were randomly constituted and 2 groups (A and C) were subcutaneously vaccinated twice with one dose of the two commercial vaccines BTVPUR ALSAP 8 (group A) or BOVILIS BTV8 (group C) respectively. Animals of the groups A, C and B (B: controls) were challenged with a virulent inoculum containing BTV-8. During the experiment, it was found out that the BTV-8 challenge inoculum was contaminated with another BTV serotype. However, results demonstrated that vaccination of goats with two injections of BTVPUR ALSAP 8 or BOVILIS BTV8 provided a significant clinical protection against a BTV-8 challenge and completely prevented BTV-8 viraemia in all vaccinated animals. Qualitative data showed no difference in the kinetics and levels of the humoral response induced by these two inactivated vaccines.