ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to study changes in signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and factors predicting TMD signs in adolescents with and without headache. A population-based sample (n = 212) of 13-year-olds with and without headache was re-examined at the age of 16. The study included a questionnaire, face-to-face interview and somatic examination. In addition, a neurological examination, a muscle evaluation and a stomatognathic examination were performed. Significant changes were seen in TMD signs during the follow-up, but TMD signs at the end of the follow-up could not be predicted by baseline headache, sleeping difficulties, depression or muscle pain. TMD signs at the age of 16 were associated with female gender and muscle pain. We conclude that considerable changes in TMD signs occur in the follow-up of adolescents with and without headache. Headache-related TMD are not predictable in adolescents with and without headache.
Subject(s)
Headache/diagnosis , Headache/epidemiology , Risk Assessment/methods , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/diagnosis , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Comorbidity , Female , Finland/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Male , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to find out what kind of neck pain (NP) is associated with headache (HA) and with various headache variables: frequency, type, intensity, disturbance, and relief with analgesics. A population-based sample of 12-year-olds with and without HA (n = 304) was followed for 4 years. At the age of 16 years, NP was evaluated on the basis of self-reported symptoms and a thorough physical examination of the neck region. Both self-reported and measured NP were associated with HA variables. Co-occurrent NP was found in adolescents with migraine as often as in those with tension-type HA. Especially, muscle pain and intensive, frequent NP were associated with disturbing HA unresponsive to analgesics. The study indicates that concomitant NP should be considered in adolescent HA sufferers, and a thorough cervical and muscle evaluation is recommended when planning the treatment of HA.
Subject(s)
Headache/complications , Headache/physiopathology , Neck Muscles/physiopathology , Neck Pain/complications , Neck Pain/physiopathology , Adolescent , HumansABSTRACT
The aim was to investigate the association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and overall muscle tenderness, depressive symptoms, sleep difficulties, headache frequency and related symptoms in children with primary headache in comparison with controls. Based on an unselected population sample of 1135 Finnish schoolchildren classified according to the type of headache at age 12, altogether 297 children aged 13-14 from different headache groups and healthy controls were randomly selected for an interview and clinical examinations. Children with migraine had more TMD signs than children with nonmigrainous headaches or healthy controls. High TMD total scores were associated with palpation tenderness in other parts of the body and with frequent headache attacks. We conclude that children with overall headache, migraine in particular, and high total TMD scores showed an increased overall tenderness to muscle palpation and multiply manifested hypersensitivity pain.
Subject(s)
Headache/complications , Pain/etiology , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/complications , Adolescent , Child , Depression/complications , Female , Humans , Male , Sleep Wake Disorders/complicationsABSTRACT
Headache is a common symptom among children and teenagers. Both bruxism and muscle and joint tenderness have been found in children with headache. Children with migraine headache report more temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms than do those with tension-type headache. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of different types of headache with TMD and sex in children. Altogether 297 randomly selected schoolchildren aged 13-14 years participated in a blind study setting. There were no statistically significant differences between the headache groups with regard to TMD signs, although the migraine and migraine-type headache groups had the highest percentage of subjects with more severe TMD signs. Nor were there any statistical differences between sexes or between the headache groups with regard to subjective symptoms of TMD. The present results with children differed from earlier results with adults. First, no association was found between tension headache and TMD, and, second, no sex difference in TMD children was observed at this age.
