ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a skeletal and progressive behavioral disease with physically and psychologically significant consequences. AIMS OF THE STUDY: Evaluate the presence and effects of Temporomandibular Joints Disorders in osteoporotic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight (58) patients with osteoporosis participated in this study as they were already diagnosed by Rheumatologists, physical and sport Rehabilitation physicians in Merjan Medical city/Babylon - Iraq between period February and August 2019. RESULTS: Twenty-seven (27) patients with T. M. J clicking as anterior disk displacements, Seventeen (17) patients with spasm in muscles of mastication, and then finally Fourteen (14) out of 58 patients with subluxation and dislocation. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoporosis can have a significant impact on oral health.
ABSTRACT
Agriculture is an important production sector in Albania that makes a significant contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) and employment. The livestock sector contributes more than half of the agricultural GDP. The Albanian cattle population represents 50% of the total livestock units and accounts for 85% of the national milk production, the rest being supplied by small ruminants. Cattle productivity, health and welfare are hindered by infectious diseases, some of which are also transmissible to humans (zoonosis). The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the control of selected regulated and non-EU regulated cattle diseases in Albania and to highlight specific challenges for the Albanian cattle industry. The most important infectious cattle diseases in Albania for which national control and eradication strategies are in place are bovine brucellosis, bovine tuberculosis, and anthrax, which are all zoonotic. Additionally, lumpy skin disease recently emerged in the Balkan region and is currently subject to controls. Most of the available funds and European Union support are allocated to the control of EU regulated zoonotic diseases. For control of non-EU regulated cattle diseases, no funds are available resulting in the lack of national control programmes (CPs). Based on research, clinical investigations and laboratory results, several non-EU regulated cattle infectious diseases appear endemic in Albanian dairy farms. While no national CPs exist for any of them, regional initiatives are available on a voluntary basis to control infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea. In the voluntary CPs, there is no monitored requirement to prove disease freedom of purchased animals and to re-evaluate the herd's free status after the introduction of animals into a herd. Data on animal movements that are routinely collected could potentially be used to control the risk of purchase, but quality needs to be further improved to increase its usefulness in disease CPs. This overview aims to collate existing information on the CPs implemented in Albania and to evaluate these to highlight gaps and threats in disease control, as well as opportunities and strengths through a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis, with the goal of providing a framework for the future implementation of animal disease control measures in Albania.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the outcomes of complete, primary, arthroscopic hip labral reconstruction among patients aged 40 years and older compared with those who underwent primary labral repair and compared with patients aged 30 to 39 years who underwent complete, primary labral reconstruction. METHODS: We recruited all patients who underwent arthroscopic labral reconstruction between March 2010 and June 2015 and were aged 30 to 65 years or who underwent arthroscopic labral repair between June 2009 and June 2015 and were aged 40 to 65 years. The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Lower Extremity Function Score, and visual analog scale score for average pain were collected preoperatively and at minimum 2-year follow-up. Failure was defined as the need for revision ipsilateral hip surgery. The rate of conversion to total hip arthroplasty (a subset of failure) was assessed separately. RESULTS: A total of 363 hips in 343 patients met the inclusion criteria. Follow-up was available for 312 hips (86.0%), and the average time to follow-up was 4.2 years (range, 2.0-8.5 years). After adjustment for differences in follow-up time between groups, failure was 3.29 times more likely for hips in the repair group aged 40 years and older than for hips in the reconstruction group aged 40 years and older (relative rate, 3.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-8.69; P = .02), and there was no difference in the failure rate for hips in the reconstruction group aged 40 years and older compared with hips in the reconstruction group aged 30 to 39 years (relative rate, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.18-1.89; P = .37). The rate of conversion to total hip arthroplasty was not meaningfully different between the 3 groups. Among hips for which treatment did not fail, average improvement in the mHHS measured 35 points and both labral reconstruction groups saw a greater mHHS improvement than the labral repair group of patients aged 40 years and older (P = .01 and P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Labral reconstruction led to a lower failure rate, greater average improvement in the mHHS, and equivalent postoperative patient-reported outcome scores compared with labral repair among patients aged 40 years and older in this study population, and the outcomes of labral reconstruction were similar between patients aged 40 years and older and those aged 30 to 39 years. Complete labral reconstruction may be particularly advantageous in patients aged 40 years and older. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
