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1.
Brain Sci ; 14(5)2024 May 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38790475

ABSTRACT

This study explores the multifaceted influence of litter size, maternal care, exercise, and aging on rats' neurobehavioral plasticity and dentate gyrus microglia dynamics. Body weight evolution revealed a progressive increase until maturity, followed by a decline during aging, with larger litters exhibiting lower weights initially. Notably, exercised rats from smaller litters displayed higher body weights during the mature and aged stages. The dentate gyrus volumes showed no significant differences among groups, except for aged sedentary rats from smaller litters, which exhibited a reduction. Maternal care varied significantly based on litter size, with large litter dams showing lower frequencies of caregiving behaviors. Behavioral assays highlighted the detrimental impact of a sedentary lifestyle and reduced maternal care/large litters on spatial memory, mitigated by exercise in aged rats from smaller litters. The microglial dynamics in the layers of dentate gyrus revealed age-related changes modulated by litter size and exercise. Exercise interventions mitigated microgliosis associated with aging, particularly in aged rats. These findings underscore the complex interplay between early-life experiences, exercise, microglial dynamics, and neurobehavioral outcomes during aging.

2.
Saúde Redes ; 9(3): 1-9, set. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1518195

ABSTRACT

A adolescência desponta como uma das etapas mais importantes e desafiadoras do ciclo vital para se pensar a sexualidade. Dessa maneira, a criação de espaços de diálogo sobre sexualidade com os adolescentes devem contemplar temáticas que envolvam desde o descobrimento do próprio corpo, até o ato sexual em si. O objetivo é apresentar um relato de experiência sobre estratégias de promoção da educação sexual com adolescentes, a partir da vivência de um projeto de extensão. Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre as ações de educação sexual para adolescentes da rede municipal de ensino fundamental, localizada na cidade de Vitória, capital do Espírito Santo. Diante dessa experiência extensionista na escola, consoante com o proposto pelo Programa Saúde na Escola, foi possível observar que durante os encontros os adolescentes se mostravam interessados em ouvir e participar das discussões, de forma que se propiciou um cenário favorável para a fluidez das conversas, tornando o ambiente confortável para que eles pudessem se expressar, sem medo ou vergonha, fazendo com que se sentissem parte ativa do compartilhamento de saberes, agregando suas vivências e opiniões.

3.
Front Psychol ; 14: 1328523, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38250108

ABSTRACT

This scoping review provides an overview of previous empirical studies that used brain imaging techniques to investigate the neural correlates of emotional well-being (EWB). We compiled evidence on this topic into one accessible and usable document as a foundation for future research into the relationship between EWB and the brain. PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed. We located relevant articles by searching five electronic databases with 95 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. We explored EWB measures, brain imaging modalities, research designs, populations studied, and approaches that are currently in use to characterize and understand EWB across the literature. Of the key concepts related to EWB, the vast majority of studies investigated positive affect and life satisfaction, followed by sense of meaning, goal pursuit, and quality of life. The majority of studies used functional MRI, followed by EEG and event-related potential-based EEG to study the neural basis of EWB (predominantly experienced affect, affective perception, reward, and emotion regulation). It is notable that positive affect and life satisfaction have been studied significantly more often than the other three aspects of EWB (i.e., sense of meaning, goal pursuit, and quality of life). Our findings suggest that future studies should investigate EWB in more diverse samples, especially in children, individuals with clinical disorders, and individuals from various geographic locations. Future directions and theoretical implications are discussed, including the need for more longitudinal studies with ecologically valid measures that incorporate multi-level approaches allowing researchers to better investigate and evaluate the relationships among behavioral, environmental, and neural factors. Systematic review registration: https://osf.io/t9cf6/.

4.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 48(6)dic. 2021.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388549

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate anthropometric and laboratory differences in the pre and postoperative period of patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Methods: Retrospective study, conducted with patients undergoing surgery between 2013-2018, in Northeastern Brazil. The following data were collected by reviewing patient medical records: sociodemographic (sex and age), anthropometric (height, weight and body mass index), clinical (comorbidities and use of multivitamins) laboratory (vitamin D levels - 25OHD and total lymphocyte count - TLC). At the 6 and at 12 months postoperative periods, weight and laboratory data were again collected. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 20.0 software, a significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: 646 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 48.0 ± 11.7 years; 78.6% had RYGB and 21.4% SG. Postoperatively, patient weight and BMI decreased, regardless of technique (p<0.001), however, RYGB patients had greater weight loss. All patients had hypovitaminosis D, but SG patients had an increase in 25OHD in the postoperative period (p<0.00001). Regarding TLC, there was a decrease in the postoperative period for both techniques (p<0.0001). Conclusion: RYGB patients had higher weight and BMI and greater weight loss. 25OHD was better in the postoperative period for SG patients. There was a reduction in TLC in the postoperative period of all patients.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar las diferencias antropométricas y de laboratorio en el período pre y posoperatorio de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de bypass gástrico (BGYR) y gastrectomía en manga (SG). Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, realizado con pacientes sometidos a cirugía entre 2013-2018, en el noreste de Brasil. Los datos se recogieron consultando la historia clínica del paciente: sociodemográficos (sexo y edad), antropométricos (talla, peso e índice de masa corporal), clínicos (comorbilidades y uso de multivitamínicos) y de laboratorio (niveles de vitamina D - 25OHD y total recuento de linfocitos (TLC). A los 6 y 12 meses del postoperatorio, se recogieron nuevamente los datos de peso y de laboratorio. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron con el software SPSS 20.0, se adoptó un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: Se evaluaron 646 pacientes, con edad media de 48,0±11,7 años; El 78,6% se había sometido a RYGB y el 21,4% a SG. En el postoperatorio, el peso y el IMC de los pacientes disminuyeron, independientemente de la técnica (p<0,0001), pero los pacientes sometidos a BGYR tuvieron una mayor pérdida de peso. Todos los pacientes tenían hipovitaminosis D, pero los sometidos a SG tuvieron un aumento de 25OHD en el postoperatorio (p<0,0001). En cuanto a la TLC, hubo una disminución del postoperatorio para ambas técnicas (p<0,0001). Conclusión: Los individuos sometidos a RYGB tenían mayor peso e IMC y mayor pérdida de peso. La 25OHD fue mejor en el postoperatorio de SG. Hubo una reducción de la TLC en el postoperatorio de todos los pacientes.

5.
Obes Surg ; 31(6): 2723-2728, 2021 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33725295

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evolution of vitamin D levels (25OHD) in patients submitted to bariatric surgery. METHODS: Retrospective study, conducted with patients submitted to bariatric surgery between 2013 and 2018, in a city in the Northeast of Brazil. The variations of 25OHD, weight, body mass index (BMI), and total lymphocyte count were analyzed and compared for preoperative and postoperative periods of 6 and 12 months. Vitamin D levels below 30ng/mL were considered insufficient. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for repeated measures, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. To identify variables related to vitamin D, Pearson's correlation test and linear regression analysis were used. A significance level of 5% (p <0.05) was adopted. RESULTS: A total of 646 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 41.3 ± 10.8 years. Most of the patients were female (75%) and had 25OHD insufficiency in the preoperative period (79.1%). It was found that in the postoperative period there was an increase in vitamin D levels. Linear regression showed that the variation in vitamin D is negatively influenced by BMI in the preoperative period (ß = -0.20; p = 0.02) and by BMI (ß = -0.38; p <0.001) and by age (ß = -0.08; p = 0.02) in the 6-month postoperative period. CONCLUSION: There was an increase in vitamin D levels in the postoperative period. BMI proved to be a negative factor for obtaining adequate levels of vitamin D in the preoperative period and in the 6-month postoperative period.


Subject(s)
Bariatric Surgery , Obesity, Morbid , Vitamin D Deficiency , Adult , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Vitamin D , Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology
6.
Rev Col Bras Cir ; 47: e20202404, 2020.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32555963

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the nutritional status follow up of patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (BGYR) and Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in hospitals of the private and public health systems, in Pernambuco. METHODS: This study included patients who underwent bariatric surgery in the public and private health systems, in Pernambuco, from 2008 to 2016. Anthropometric and biochemical (hemoglobin, B12, iron and ferritin) data were evaluated in the preoperative period and at 3, 6 and 12 months after the operation. RESULTS: There were no significant difference between patients seen at the two health systems regarding the levels of hemoglobin, iron, anemia and vitamin B12. Patients who underwent the RYGB, presented with iron deficiency which was significantly lower for those in the private system, but only at the 3 month evaluation. Low levels of ferritin were observed at the 6 month evaluation, and patients in the private health system presented with the highest ferritin deficiency. The rate of surgical success was significantly higher in those patients undergoing the RYGB at the private system. CONCLUSIONS: After a 12-month bariatric surgery follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference regarding micronutrient deficiency between patients followed up at the private and public health systems.


OBJETIVOS: Comparar a evolução do perfil nutricional de pacientes submetidos ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux (BGYR) e ao Sleeve, em hospitais dos setores público e privado da Saúde de Pernambuco. MÉTODO: O estudo incluiu pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica nos setores público e privado de saúde de Pernambuco no período de 2008 a 2016. Foram avaliados dados antropométricos e bioquímicos (Hemoglobina, Vitamina B12, Ferro e Ferritina) no período pré-operatório e com 3, 6 e 12 meses de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Não foram registradas diferenças significativas entre os pacientes internados nos dois setores da Saúde no tocante às variáveis: níveis hemoglobina, anemia por deficiência de ferro e vitamina B12 em nenhuma das avaliações e conforme o tipo de cirurgia. Entre os pacientes submetidos ao BGYR, os níveis de ferro sérico foram significativamente menores nos pacientes do setor privado da Saúde apenas na primeira avaliação. Baixos níveis de ferritina sérica foram observados na segunda avaliação, sendo os pacientes do setor privado os que apresentaram menores valores. O sucesso cirúrgico foi significativamente maior no grupo que realizou o BGYR na rede privada. CONCLUSÕES: Com um seguimento de 12 meses pós-cirurgia bariátrica, não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante no que diz respeito às deficiências de micronutrientes entre pacientes usuários dos setores público e privado de Saúde.


Subject(s)
Bariatric Surgery/methods , Nutritional Status , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Adult , Female , Ferritins/blood , Follow-Up Studies , Hemoglobins/analysis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity, Morbid/blood , Private Sector , Public Sector , Retrospective Studies , Vitamin B 12/blood , Young Adult
7.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 47: e20202404, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1136612

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivos: Comparar a evolução do perfil nutricional de pacientes submetidos ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux (BGYR) e ao Sleeve, em hospitais dos setores público e privado da Saúde de Pernambuco. Método: O estudo incluiu pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica nos setores público e privado de saúde de Pernambuco no período de 2008 a 2016. Foram avaliados dados antropométricos e bioquímicos (Hemoglobina, Vitamina B12, Ferro e Ferritina) no período pré-operatório e com 3, 6 e 12 meses de pós-operatório. Resultados: Não foram registradas diferenças significativas entre os pacientes internados nos dois setores da Saúde no tocante às variáveis: níveis hemoglobina, anemia por deficiência de ferro e vitamina B12 em nenhuma das avaliações e conforme o tipo de cirurgia. Entre os pacientes submetidos ao BGYR, os níveis de ferro sérico foram significativamente menores nos pacientes do setor privado da Saúde apenas na primeira avaliação. Baixos níveis de ferritina sérica foram observados na segunda avaliação, sendo os pacientes do setor privado os que apresentaram menores valores. O sucesso cirúrgico foi significativamente maior no grupo que realizou o BGYR na rede privada. Conclusões: Com um seguimento de 12 meses pós-cirurgia bariátrica, não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante no que diz respeito às deficiências de micronutrientes entre pacientes usuários dos setores público e privado de Saúde.


ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the nutritional status follow up of patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (BGYR) and Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in hospitals of the private and public health systems, in Pernambuco. Methods: This study included patients who underwent bariatric surgery in the public and private health systems, in Pernambuco, from 2008 to 2016. Anthropometric and biochemical (hemoglobin, B12, iron and ferritin) data were evaluated in the preoperative period and at 3, 6 and 12 months after the operation. Results: There were no significant difference between patients seen at the two health systems regarding the levels of hemoglobin, iron, anemia and vitamin B12. Patients who underwent the RYGB, presented with iron deficiency which was significantly lower for those in the private system, but only at the 3 month evaluation. Low levels of ferritin were observed at the 6 month evaluation, and patients in the private health system presented with the highest ferritin deficiency. The rate of surgical success was significantly higher in those patients undergoing the RYGB at the private system. Conclusions: After a 12-month bariatric surgery follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference regarding micronutrient deficiency between patients followed up at the private and public health systems.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Nutritional Status , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Vitamin B 12/blood , Obesity, Morbid/blood , Hemoglobins/analysis , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Public Sector , Private Sector , Ferritins/blood , Middle Aged
8.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 52(2)abr.-jun., 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1025270

ABSTRACT

RESUMOIntrodução: Na Doença Renal Crônica Avançada, o paciente necessita de uma terapia renal substitutiva, dentre elas, a hemodiálise (HD). Apesar dos benefícios da HD, este procedimento afeta o estado nutricional e a qualidade de vida (QV) do doente. Objetivo: Correlacionar o estado nutricional ao nível de QV de pacientes em HD. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, com pacientes em HD há pelo menos 3 meses. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência do braço (CB), circunferência muscular do braço (CMB), prega cutânea tricipital (PCT), albumina (Alb) e creatinina (Cr) séricas e a QV pelo Medical Outcomes Study-36 ­ Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). As pontuações geradas pelo SF-36 foram correlacionadas com os indicadores do estado nutricional através do Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson e/ou Spearman's. Resultados e Discussão: Participaram do estudo 37 pacientes, com idade média de 50,6 ± 13,0 anos, sendo 54,1% do sexo feminino. Segundo a avaliação do estado nutricional, houve prevalência de eutrofia (48,7%) pelo IMC e desnutrição de 37,8% evidenciada pela CB e CMB. Na avaliação bioquímica, 25,0% esta-vam com hipoalbuminemia e 18,9% com redução da Cr. A dimensão de QV mais comprometida foi a limitação por aspectos físicos. Na análise das correlações, parâmetros nutricionais (IMC, CB e Alb) estavam ligados à QV dos pacientes. Conclusão: IMC, CB e Alb correlacionaram-se com dimensões do SF-36, indicando que alterações no estado nutricional podem influenciar o funcionamento físico e emocional desses pacientes (AU)


ABSTRACTIntroduction: In Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease, the patient needs renal replacement therapy, among them, hemodialysis (HD). Despite the benefits of HD, this procedure affects the nutritional status and quality of life (QL) of the patient. Objective: Correlating the nutritional status at the QL level of patients in HD. Methods: Cross-sectional study with patients on HD for at least three months. Patients underwent an assessment of nutritional status by body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), arm muscle circumference (MAMC), triceps skinfold (TS), serum albumin (Alb) and creatinine (CR). QL was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. The scores generated by the SF-36 were correlated with the nutritional status indi-cators through the Pearson and/or Spearman's Correlation Coefficient. Results and Discussion:37 patients participated in the study, aged 50.6 ± 13.0 years old, and 54.1% were female. According to the evaluation of nutritional status, there was a prevalence of eutrophy (48.7%) by BMI and mal-nutrition of 37.8% evidenced by AC and MAMC. In the biochemical evaluation, 25.0% had a reduction of Alb and 18.9% of CR. The dimension of QL was the most impaired physical aspects limitation. In the analysis of correlations, nutritional parameters (BMI, AC, and Alb) were correlated to patients' QL. Conclusion: BMI, AC, and Alb correlated with SF-36 dimensions, indicating that changes in nutritio-nal status may influence the physical and emotional functioning of these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Quality of Life , Nutritional Status , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
9.
Environ Monit Assess ; 190(10): 608, 2018 Sep 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30255210

ABSTRACT

This quantitative and qualitative study aimed to evaluate the level of fungal contamination in computer keyboards from an Integrated Health Center (IHC) at Piauí, Brazil, and to evaluate the efficacy of 50% sodium bicarbonate and 50% alcoholic vinegar solutions to eliminate these microorganisms. Ten keyboards from six sectors of the IHC were chosen randomly, and the collection was performed in three situations: (i) before of disinfection, (ii) after disinfection with solution of sodium bicarbonate, and (iii) after disinfection with solution of alcoholic vinegar. Samples were inoculated in Petri dishes with dextrose agar potato plus chloramphenicol and incubated at room temperature for 72 h. All keyboards were contaminated with opportunistic fungi, with Cladosporium cladosporioides (29.4%) being the most frequent species, followed by Curvularia lunata (17.6%) and Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, and Curvularia clavata with 11.8% each. The two solutions were proven to be efficient in eliminating fungal contamination; however, the sodium bicarbonate solution caused esthetic damages in keyboards. In addition, this study is the first report of the antifungal activity of alcoholic vinegar in filamentous fungi. Based on our findings, we suggest a daily disinfection of keyboards with a 50% vinegar solution plus adequate hygiene from the hands of professionals before and after the use of the computer and its annexes, as key actions to reduce nosocomial infections, particularly in economically disadvantaged countries.


Subject(s)
Acetic Acid/pharmacology , Alternaria/drug effects , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Aspergillus niger/drug effects , Cladosporium/drug effects , Disinfectants/pharmacology , Disinfection/methods , Infection Control/methods , Sodium Bicarbonate/pharmacology , Alternaria/isolation & purification , Aspergillus niger/isolation & purification , Brazil , Cladosporium/isolation & purification , Computers , Environmental Monitoring , Humans
10.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 48(9): e20180076, 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045210

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The waste in the fruit production chain, including the juice and pulp industries, produces large quantities of leftover husks, seeds and bagasse. This volume of waste generates huge environmental and economic impact. The objective of this research was to determine the potential of using residues from passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and apple (Malus domestica) varieties in the production of functional flours. Passion fruit flour showed greater reduction of DPPH (EC50%: 50.4μg/mL) radicals, showing antioxidant potential, as well as a more efficient inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (71.3±1.2μg/mL), with a modest; however efficient, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (10%). All Apple flours were good antioxidants and the fuji apple flour stood out inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa (78.6±3.1μg/mL). All the residues showed potential for use as a functional product either as a source of antioxidants, a natural (antimicrobial) preservative for dry foods or supplementary use by patients with Alzheimer's disease.


RESUMO: O desperdício na cadeia produtiva de frutos, incluindo as indústrias de suco e polpa, produz grandes quantidades de resíduos, como cascas, sementes e bagaços. Esse volume de resíduos gera impacto ambiental e econômico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o potencial de aproveitamento de resíduos de maracujá (Passiflora edulis) e de variedades de maçã (Malus domestica) na produção de farinhas funcionais. A farinha de maracujá apresentou maior redução de radicais DPPH (EC50%: 50,4μg/mL), demonstrando potencial antioxidante, maior inibição de Staphylococcus aureus (71,3±1,2μg/mL) e da acetilcolinesterase (10%). Todas as farinhas de maçã foram boas antioxidantes e a fuji destacou-se inibindo Pseudomonas aeruginosa (78,6±3,1μg/mL). Todos os resíduos mostraram potencial para aproveitamento como produto funcional, seja como fonte de antioxidantes, conservante natural (antimicrobiano) para alimentos secos ou uso suplementar no tratamento de Alzheimer.

11.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 38(1): 97-101, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | IBECS | ID: ibc-175410

ABSTRACT

Introdução: No pós-operatório da cirurgia bariátrica, alguns pacientes apresentam complicações alimentares como a deficiência de ferro e anemia ferropriva. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional de ferro e anemia ferropriva em pacientes submetidos ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux ou sleeve gástrico, em um hospital universitário. Métodos: Trata-se de uma coorte prospectiva com 192 pacientes (135 bypass gástrico em Y de Roux e 57 sleeve) acompanhados no ambulatório de Nutrição em Gastroplastia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco entre 2004 e 2016. A partir de fichas de avaliação nutricional, foram coletados dados de peso, Índice de Massa Corporal, perda de peso, perfil hematológico, ferro sérico e ferritina após 1, 6 e 12 meses da cirurgia. Resultados: Os pacientes tinham idade de 39,2 ± 9,8 anos, sendo 82,3% do sexo feminino. Após 1 mês da cirurgia, os pacientes submetidos ao bypass apresentaram menores níveis de ferro quando comparados aos sleeve (61,86 ± 25,25 vs 79,96 ± 22,55; p = 0,007), o que não ocorreu após 6 e 12 meses da cirurgia. Não houve diferenças entre as médias dos parâmetros hematológicos e de Ferritina em função da técnica cirúrgica. Não houve correlação significativa entre a perda de peso e os níveis de hemoglobina, ferro e ferritina. Conclusão: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no perfil hematológico e nos nívies de ferro e ferritina entre obesos submetidos ao bypass ou sleeve. Quando comparadas as técnicas cirúrgicas, também não foi observada diferenças signficativas entre a prevalência de anemia e deficiência de ferrp


Introdution: In the postoperative period of bariatric surgery, some patients present eating complications such as iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of iron and iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or gastric sleeve in a university hospital. Methods: This was a prospective cohort of 192 patients (135 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 57 sleeve) who were followed up at the Outpatient Clinic of Gastroplasty at Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Pernambuco between 2004 and 2016. From Nutritional assessment, data on weight, Body Mass Index, weight loss, hematological profile, serum iron and ferritin were collected after 1, 6 and 12 months of surgery. Results: Patients were 39.2 ± 9.8 years old, being 82.3% female. After 1 month of surgery, patients submitted to the bypass presented lower levels of iron when compared to the sleeve (61.86 ± 25.25 vs 79.96 ± 22.55, p = 0.007), which did not occur after 6 and 12 Months of surgery. There were no differences between the averages of the hematological and Ferritin parameters as a function of the surgical technique. There was no significant correlation between weight loss and hemoglobin, iron and ferritin levels. Conclusion: No significant differences were found in the hematological profile and in the iron and ferritin levels among obese subjects submitted to bypass or sleeve. When compared to surgical techniques, there were also no significant differences between the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency


No disponible


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bariatric Surgery/statistics & numerical data , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , 16595 , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Ferritins/deficiency , Retrospective Studies , Anthropometry/methods
12.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 63(7): 606-612, 2017 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28977086

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Brazilian HIV/AIDS management and treatment guideline (PCDT), published in 2013, recommends and standardizes the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in all adult patients, in spite of LTCD4 count. This study aimed to analyze the first year of HAART use in patients from a reference center on HIV/AIDS management in Fortaleza, Ceará. METHOD: This descriptive study reviewed all prescription forms of antiretroviral regimens initiation and changes from January to July 2014. All antiretroviral regimen changes that occurred during the first year of therapy were evaluated. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20. Mean, standard deviation and frequency, Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests calculations were used, with significance at p<0.05. RESULTS: From 527 patients initiating HAART, 16.5% (n=87) had a regimen change in the first year. These patients were mostly male (59.8%; n=52), aged 20 to 39 years, with only one HAART change (72.4%; n=63). Efavirenz was the most often changed drug, followed by tenofovir, zidovudine and lopinavir/ritonavir. Mean time of HAART changes was 120 days, with adverse reactions as the most prevalent cause. HAART was effective in decreasing viral load since second month of treatment (p=0.003) and increasing LTCD4 lymphocytes since fifth month (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The main cause of initial HAART changes was adverse reaction and most patients had only one change in the HAART regimen. HAART prescription was in accordance to the PCDT from 2013.


Subject(s)
Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Drug Substitution/statistics & numerical data , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Anti-HIV Agents/classification , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/classification , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Female , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Young Adult
13.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 63(7): 606-612, July 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896373

ABSTRACT

Summary Introduction: The Brazilian HIV/AIDS management and treatment guideline (PCDT), published in 2013, recommends and standardizes the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in all adult patients, in spite of LTCD4 count. This study aimed to analyze the first year of HAART use in patients from a reference center on HIV/AIDS management in Fortaleza, Ceará. Method: This descriptive study reviewed all prescription forms of antiretroviral regimens initiation and changes from January to July 2014. All antiretroviral regimen changes that occurred during the first year of therapy were evaluated. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20. Mean, standard deviation and frequency, Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests calculations were used, with significance at p<0.05. Results: From 527 patients initiating HAART, 16.5% (n=87) had a regimen change in the first year. These patients were mostly male (59.8%; n=52), aged 20 to 39 years, with only one HAART change (72.4%; n=63). Efavirenz was the most often changed drug, followed by tenofovir, zidovudine and lopinavir/ritonavir. Mean time of HAART changes was 120 days, with adverse reactions as the most prevalent cause. HAART was effective in decreasing viral load since second month of treatment (p=0.003) and increasing LTCD4 lymphocytes since fifth month (p<0.001). Conclusion: The main cause of initial HAART changes was adverse reaction and most patients had only one change in the HAART regimen. HAART prescription was in accordance to the PCDT from 2013.


Resumo Introdução: O Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para manejo da infecção pelo HIV em adultos (PCDT) de 2013 recomenda e normatiza início de terapia antirretroviral (TARV) em pacientes com qualquer contagem de LTCD4. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o primeiro ano de TARV de pacientes em acompanhamento em um centro de referência em HIV/AIDS de Fortaleza, Ceará. Método: O estudo descritivo revisou formulários de solicitação de início e modificação de TARV em pacientes que iniciaram tratamento entre janeiro e julho de 2014. Foram avaliadas todas as mudanças que ocorreram durante o primeiro ano de terapia. Os dados foram analisados no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 20. Foram calculados médias, desvios padrão, frequências, testes t Student e Mann-Whitney, com significância de p<0,05. Resultados: Dos 527 pacientes que iniciaram TARV, 16,5% (n=87) realizaram troca no primeiro ano. A maioria era do sexo masculino (59,8%; n=52), de 20 a 39 anos, com apenas uma mudança da TARV (72,4%; n=63). Efavirenz foi o fármaco mais substituído, seguido por tenofovir, zidovudina e lopinavir/ritonavir. O tempo médio de ocorrência das modificações da TARV foi de 120 dias, tendo reações adversas como causas principais. TARV foi efetiva na queda da carga viral desde o 2ºmês de tratamento (p=0,003) e na elevação de LTCD4 desde o 5º mês (p<0,001). Conclusão: Os principais fatores envolvidos em modificações de TARV inicial foram reações adversas, com apenas uma mudança de esquema na maioria dos pacientes. O manejo da TARV estava de acordo com o PCDT de 2013.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Drug Substitution/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Analysis of Variance , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Anti-HIV Agents/classification , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/classification , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/statistics & numerical data
14.
Rev. dor ; 18(1): 8-11, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-845178

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hospitals integrate several risks posed by physical, chemical, psychosocial and ergonomic factors, which may be noxious for different healthcare professionals. This study aimed at evaluating the level of physical activity, the presence of musculoskeletal risk factors and the incidence of low back pain among nursing professionals of a hospital Materials and Sterilization Center. METHODS: Sample was made up of 56 individuals of both genders, working for the Associação Beneficente de Campo Grande/MS-Hospital Santa Casa. Participants were divided in two groups: G1 (insufficiently active, n=27) and G2 (sufficiently active, n=29). In addition to the level of physical activity, anthropometric data, incidence of pain and functional incapacity, flexibility and muscle resistance were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of low back pain was lower in G2 (13 cases; 44.8%) as compared to G1 (24 cases; 88.9%). Body mass index, pain intensity and functional incapacity index were lower for G2. Time of physical activity was lower in G1. Abdominal muscles resistance was higher in G2. CONCLUSION: In nursing professionals, the level of physical activity influences the presence of low back pain, pain intensity and functional incapacity index.


RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O ambiente hospitalar integra uma série de riscos decorrentes de fatores físicos, químicos, psicossociais e ergonômicos, que podem ser prejudiciais a diferentes profissionais da área de saúde. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o nível de atividade física, a presença de fatores de risco musculoesqueléticos e a ocorrência de lombalgia em profissionais de enfermagem de Centro de Materiais e Esterilização hospitalar. MÉTODOS: A casuística integrou 56 indivíduos de ambos os gêneros, trabalhadores da Associação Beneficente de Campo Grande/MS-Hospital Santa Casa. Os participantes foram alocados em dois grupos: G1 (insuficientemente ativos, n=27) e G2 (suficientemente ativos, n=29). Além do nível de atividade física, foram realizadas análises antropométricas, de ocorrência de dor e incapacidade funcional, flexibilidade e resistência muscular. RESULTADOS: A ocorrência de lombalgia foi menor em G2 (13 casos; 44,8%) que em G1 (24 casos; 88,9%). Índice de massa corporal, intensidade da dor e índice de incapacidade funcional foram menores em G2. O tempo de atividade física foi menor em G1. Resistência dos músculos abdominais foi maior em G2. CONCLUSÃO: Em profissionais de enfermagem, o nível de atividade física influencia a ocorrência de lombalgia, intensidade de dor e índice de incapacidade funcional.

15.
Amino Acids ; 49(2): 337-346, 2017 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27873013

ABSTRACT

In mammals, L-glutamine (Gln) can alter the glutamate-Gln cycle and consequently brain excitability. Here, we investigated in developing rats the effect of treatment with different doses of Gln on anxiety-like behavior, cortical spreading depression (CSD), and microglial activation expressed as Iba1-immunoreactivity. Wistar rats were suckled in litters with 9 and 15 pups (groups L 9 and L 15; respectively, normal size- and large size litters). From postnatal days (P) 7-27, the animals received Gln per gavage (250, 500 or 750 mg/kg/day), or vehicle (water), or no treatment (naive). At P28 and P30, we tested the animals, respectively, in the elevated plus maze and open field. At P30-35, we measured CSD parameters (velocity of propagation, amplitude, and duration). Fixative-perfused brains were processed for microglial immunolabeling with anti-IBA-1 antibodies to analyze cortical microglia. Rats treated with Gln presented an anxiolytic behavior and accelerated CSD propagation when compared to the water- and naive control groups. Furthermore, CSD velocity was higher (p < 0.001) in the L 15 compared to the L 9 condition. Gln treatment increased Iba1 immunolabeling both in the parietal cortex and CA1 hippocampus, indicating microglial activation. The Gln effect was dose-dependent for anxiety-like behavior and CSD in both litter sizes, and for microglial activation in the L 15 groups. Besides confirming previous electrophysiological findings (CSD acceleration after Gln), our data demonstrate for the first time a behavioral and microglial activation that is associated with early Gln treatment in developing animals, and that is possibly operated via changes in brain excitability.


Subject(s)
Anxiety/drug therapy , Cortical Spreading Depression/drug effects , Glutamine/pharmacology , Microglia/immunology , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Body Weight/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glutamine/administration & dosage , Litter Size , Male , Microglia/drug effects , Rats, Wistar
16.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 37(4): 17-22, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | IBECS | ID: ibc-171042

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A redução da relação cintura-estatura, que está relacionada ao acumulo de gordura corporal central, tem relação direta com a glicemia de jejum. Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre a relação cintura-estatura e glicemia de jejum no pré e pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal do tipo série de casos, com 50 pacientes submetidos ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux. As variáveis de peso, altura, índice massa corporal, circunferência da cintura, percentual de perda de peso e glicemia de jejum foram obtidas no dia anterior a cirurgia e com 1 e 3 meses após. Os resultados foram expressos em média e desvio padrão. As variáveis contínuas foram testadas quanto à normalidade pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Para comparação das médias nos diferentes momentos avaliados foi utilizado o teste t de student pareado. A verificação de possíveis correlações foi realizada pelo teste de correlação de Pearson. Foi adotado p < 0,05. Resultados e Discussão: A idade dos pacientes foi de 42,9 ± 10,5 anos, sendo 78% do sexo feminino. A glicemia de jejum reduziu de 126,22 ± 48,12 mg/dL no pré-operatório para 92,79 ± 17,81 mg/dL após três meses de cirurgia (p < 0,002), enquanto a relação cintura-estatura reduziu de 0,77 ± 0,09 cm para 0,69 ± 0,09 cm (p < 0,0001) no mesmo período. O percentual de perda de peso atingido após 3 meses foi de 17,91 ± 3,47%. Conclusão: No pós-cirúrgico houve rápida normalização da glicemia, bem como redução significativa da relação cintura-estatura. No entanto, estas variáveis não estiveram correlacionadas nos diferentes momentos avaliados (AU)


Introduction: The reduction of waist-height ratio, which is related to the accumulation of central body fat, is directly related to fasting plasma glucose. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between waistheight and fasting plasma glucose in pre and postoperative bariatric surgery. Methods: Longitudinal study of a series of cases, with 50 patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The variables of weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, percentage of weight loss and fasting plasma glucose were obtained the day before surgery and at 1 and 3 months after. Results were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Continuous variables were tested for normality by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The t-test of paired student was used to compare the means at the different moments evaluated. The verification of possible correlations was performed by the Pearson correlation test. It was adopted p< 0.05. Results and Discussion: The patients' age was 42.9 ± 10.5 years, with 78% being female. FPG reduced from 126.22 ± 48.12 mg / dL preoperatively to 92.79 ± 17.81 mg / dL after three months of surgery (p < 0.0001) in the same period. The percentage of weight loss reached after the third surgical month was 17.91 ± 3.47%. Conclusion: In the postoperative period there was a rapid normalization of glycemia, as well as a significant reduction of the WHtR. However, these variables were not correlated in the different moments evaluated (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Waist-Height Ratio , Blood Glucose/analysis , Obesity/diet therapy , Abdominal Circumference , Anthropometry/methods , Bariatric Surgery/trends , Postoperative Period , Longitudinal Studies , Preoperative Period
17.
Psicol. argum ; 34(85): 89-103, abr.-jun. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-835170

ABSTRACT

A intenção do presente trabalho é propor uma reflexão crítica acerca de como a condução do bem viver deve ser também pensada para a fase final da vida humana: a velhice. Este ensaio tem como princípio epistemológico um sentido interdisciplinar que combina, em seu desenvolvimento, uma abordagem histórico-filosófica voltada para a busca da felicidade por meio da ética, com preocupações por parte da psicologia da educação direcionadas ao idoso, além de valorizar o papel da arte na organização existencial do ser humano. Conclui-se ser necessário resgatar a ideia de que a vida pode ser bela a qualquer tempo; o que depende, em grande medida, da postura de quem a vive.


The intention of this work is to propose a critical reflection about how driving the good life, and this must also be conceived for the final phase of human life: the old age. This essay has an epistemological principle an interdisciplinary sense that combines, in its development, a historical-philosophical approach toward the pursuit of happiness through the ethics, with concerns from the educational psychology directed to the elderly, besides to enhancing the role of art in the existential organization of the human being. It is concluded to be necessary to rescue the idea that life can be beautiful at any time; it depends on a large extent of the attitude of one who lives.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Art , Education , Happiness , Aged , Ethics , Philosophy
18.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 72(6)jun. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-759518

ABSTRACT

Avaliar o perfil lipídico no pré e pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo com pacientes que se submeteram ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Foram coletados dados de peso, índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência da cintura (CC), razão cintura-quadril (RCQ), colesterol total (CT), lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-c), lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-c) e triacilgliceróis (TG) antes e após 3 meses de cirurgia. A presença de dislipidemia foi definida como alteração em pelo menos um dos parâmetros lipídicos avaliados. Resultados: Foram estudados 30 pacientes, sendo 83,3% do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 42,4 ± 9,6 anos. A dislipidemia, presente em 83,3% dos pacientes, diminui para 63,3% após 3 meses. No pré-operatório 6,7% apresentaram hipercolesterolemia isolada, 13,3% hipertrigliceridemia isolada e 63,3% HDL-c baixo ou em associação com aumento de TG ou LDL-c. Após 3 meses, essas prevalências foram de nenhum caso, 3,3% e 60%, respectivamente. O risco cardiovascular, mensurado através da razão TG/HDL-c, foi encontrado em 23,3% da população e em 10% após 3 meses. Houve redução significativa nas médias de peso, IMC, CC, CT, LDL-c, TG e TG/HDL-c (p<0,05). Conclusão: Em apenas três meses de pós-operatório, a cirurgia bariátrica mostrou-se efetiva em melhorar o perfil lipídico e, consequentemente, alguns fatores de risco cardiovascular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Lipids , Blood , Bariatric Surgery , Obesity, Morbid
19.
Rev. enferm. UFPE on line ; 9(3): 7175-7179, mar. 2015.
Article in English, Portuguese | BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1390699

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: relatar sobre os resultados obtidos a partir da implantação do programa de aconselhamento sobre DST/HIV e Aids e Hepatites Virais durante as atividades de planejamento familiar. Método: estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, realizado pela equipe do Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) de Sinop/MT. Resultados: a partir de 2009, o atendimento aos casais, provenientes da atenção básica interessados em métodos contraceptivos definitivos, incluiu ações mais específicas para esclarecimento sobre as DSTs e o rastreamento de casos de DST/HIV e Hepatites Virais (HV), com a oferta de sorologias às pessoas que nunca realizaram testes, principalmente os homens. Conclusão: a iniciativa de aliar PPF com Aconselhamento para prevenção de DST/HIV e HV tem se mostrado ser um excelente instrumento de disseminação de informação, desmistificando temas que ainda são tratados como tabus entre os casais.(AU)


Objective: to report the results obtained from the implementation of the counseling program on STD/HIV and AIDS and Viral Hepatitis for family planning activities. Method: this is a descriptive study type experience report, exploratory and descriptive, conducted by the Specialized Service Care (SAE) of Sinop/MT. Results: from 2009, the service to couples, from primary care interested in permanent contraceptive methods, included more specific actions for clarification about STDs and tmonitoring of STD/HIV and Viral Hepatitis (HV) cases offering serology of people who have never performed tests, especially men. Conclusion: the initiative to combine FPP with Counseling to STD/HIV and HV prevention has been an excellent tool for disseminating information, demystifying issues that are still treated as taboos among couples.(AU)


Objetivo: relatar sobre los resultados obtenidos a partir de la implantación del programa de consejos sobre EST/VIH y Sida y Hepatitis Virales durante las actividades de planeamiento familiar. Método: estudio descriptivo, tipo relato de experiencia, de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, realizado por el equipo do Servicio de Atendimiento Especializado (SAE) de Sinop/MT. Resultados: a partir de 2009, el atendimiento a las parejas, provenientes de la atención básica interesados en métodos contraceptivos definitivos, incluye acciones más específicas para esclarecimiento sobre las ESTs y el rastreo de casos de EST/VIH y Hepatitis Virales (HV), con la oferta de serologías a las personas que nunca realizaron testes, principalmente los hombres. Conclusión: la iniciativa de aliar PPF con Consejos para prevención de DST/HIV y HV ha mostrado ser un excelente instrumento de diseminación de información, desmitificando temas que todavía son tratados como tabúes entre las parejas. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV , Directive Counseling , Family Development Planning , Family Planning Services , Hepatitis, Viral, Human , Primary Health Care , Epidemiology, Descriptive
20.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 35(1): 24-31, 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | IBECS | ID: ibc-141117

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A obesidade mórbida está relacionada com a alta incidência de dislipidemia, sendo esta considerada fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil lipídico no pré e pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com pacientes submetidos ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Foram avaliados o peso corporal, índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura, razão cintura-quadril, colesterol total (CT), lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-c), lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-c) e triacilgliceróis (TG) antes e após 3 meses de cirurgia. A partir dos lipídeos séricos foi avaliado o perfil lipídico mais aterogênico por meio da razão TG/ HDL-c. Resultados: Foram estudados 30 pacientes, sendo 83,3% do sexo feminino. Houve redução das concentrações de todos os parâmetros estudados com exceção da HDL-c, com diminuição na frequência de dislipidemia e do risco cardiovascular após 3 meses. Conclusão: Em apenas 3 meses de pós-operatório, a cirurgia bariátrica mostrouse efetiva em melhorar o perfil lipídico e, consequentemente, de fatores de risco cardiovasculares importantes (AU)


Introduction: Morbid obesity is related to the high incidence of dyslipidemia, which is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objective: To evaluate the lipid profile in the pre and post-operative patients undergoing gastric bypass Roux-Y. Methods: A retrospective study on patients undergoing gastric bypass Roux-Y at the Hospital of the Federal University of Pernambuco. Body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) were evaluated before and 3 months after surgery. From the serum lipids was rated the most atherogenic lipid profile through the TG / HDL-c ratio. Results: 30 patients were studied, 83.3% were female. There was reduction of concentrations of all parameters studied except for HDL-c, with decreased frequency of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk after 3 months. Conclusion: In just three months after surgery, bariatric surgery was effective in improving lipid profile and therefore, some important cardiovascular risk factors (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Bariatric Surgery , Atherosclerosis/physiopathology , Lipids/blood , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Retrospective Studies
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