ABSTRACT
Most pentatomids are phytophagous, many of which are economically important crop pests. The family may also be a potentially important group to monitor the health of neotropical forests. However, there is a lack of biological inventories of Pentatomidae, especially in forest remnants of the Brazilian Atlantic forest. This is the first systematic survey of pentatomids reported in three Atlantic forest fragments in northeastern Brazil. In total, 997 individuals belonging to 38 species were recorded, some of which are considered economically important pests. Singletons and doubletons represented 45.9% of all species collected. The most abundant genera were Mormidea Amyot & Serville, 1843; Stictochilus Bergroth, 1918; Xynocoris Garbelotto & Campos 2014; and Edessa F., 1803. Species richness differed among fragments, with a richness gradient correlated with decreased urbanization and increased fragment size. The species abundance distribution fitted the logseries function but not the lognormal, in accordance with what is found for other assemblages in southern Brazil. Species composition also changed, in association with changes in temperature (revealed by the canonical correspondence analysis [CCA]), among fragments. Murici is one of the last remaining dense forests with high plant diversity in the region, having higher pentatomid species richness and a distinctive fauna. This first diversity study for Pentatomidae in fragments of tropical Atlantic Forest in northeastern Brazil reveals richness comparable with those from subtropical southern Brazil, with some species in common as well.
Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Forests , Heteroptera/physiology , Animals , Brazil , Heteroptera/growth & development , Nymph/growth & development , Nymph/physiologyABSTRACT
This study reports for the first time Edessa scabriventris Stål on Eugenia uniflora (Brazilian-cherry) and on Psidium guajava (guava) (Myrtaceae), fruit trees with economic value. Its geographic distribution is extended with records for the states of Alagoas (Maceió Municipality 35°45'11.16''W; 9°40'18.52''S) and Pará (Belém Municipality 48°28'14.65''W; 1°26'14.83''S), north-northeastern Brazil.
Subject(s)
Psidium/parasitology , Syzygium/parasitology , Animals , Brazil , HemipteraABSTRACT
This study reports for the first time Edessa scabriventris Stål on Eugenia uniflora (Brazilian-cherry) and on Psidium guajava (guava) (Myrtaceae), fruit trees with economic value. Its geographic distribution is extended with records for the states of Alagoas (Maceió Municipality 35°45'11.16''W; 9°40'18.52''S) and Pará (Belém Municipality 48°28'14.65''W; 1°26'14.83''S), north-northeastern Brazil.
Subject(s)
Animals , Eugenia/parasitology , Psidium/parasitology , Brazil , HemipteraABSTRACT
Hymenopteran and dipteran endoparasitoids are reported acting as pupae endoparasitoids of Brassolis sophorae (L.). Concerning the scientific and economic importance of these interspecific relationship, and aiming to increase the knowledge related to natural and conservative biological control, the present study records Winthemia analis (Macquart) as larval-pupal parasitoid of Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. This report presents some data on the bioecology of this parasitoid, on its distributional range in Brazil and a host species for the first time.
Subject(s)
Diptera/physiology , Lepidoptera/parasitology , Animals , Brazil , Larva/parasitologyABSTRACT
Hymenopteran and dipteran endoparasitoids are reported acting as pupae endoparasitoids of Brassolis sophorae (L.). Concerning the scientific and economic importance of these interspecific relationship, and aiming to increase the knowledge related to natural and conservative biological control, the present study records Winthemia analis (Macquart) as larval-pupal parasitoid of Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. This report presents some data on the bioecology of this parasitoid, on its distributional range in Brazil and a host species for the first time.
Representantes de Hymenoptera e Diptera têm sido registrados como endoparasitóides de pupas de Brassolis sophorae (L.). Diante da importância científica e econômica desse tipo de relação interespecífica, visando à ampliação de conhecimentos relacionados ao controle biológico natural e conservativo, este trabalho registra no Estado de Alagoas, a ocorrência de parasitismo por Winthemia analis (Macquart) como parasitóide larva-pupa em Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel. Esse primeiro registro de hospedeiro para o taquinídeo apresenta aspectos bioecológicos do parasitóide e amplia sua área de distribuição geográfica no Brasil.
Subject(s)
Animals , Diptera/physiology , Lepidoptera/parasitology , Brazil , Larva/parasitologyABSTRACT
This scientific note reports the association between the parasitoid Conura morleyi (Ashmead) and Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel pupae in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. This parasitoid exhibits gregarious development, with production up to 146 individuals per pupa throughout a single opening. The sex proportion of the parasitoids was one male for one female.
Subject(s)
Hymenoptera , Lepidoptera/parasitology , Animals , Hymenoptera/growth & development , Pupa/parasitologyABSTRACT
This scientific note reports the association between the parasitoid Conura morleyi (Ashmead) and Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel pupae in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. This parasitoid exhibits gregarious development, with production up to 146 individuals per pupa throughout a single opening. The sex proportion of the parasitoids was one male for one female.
Este trabalho registra o parasitismo de pupas de Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel por Conura morleyi (Ashmead) em Alagoas. Essa espécie de parasitóide exibiu desenvolvimento de forma gregária, tendo sido observada a saída de 146 indivíduos por pupa através de um único orifício, e com proporção sexual de um macho para uma fêmea.
Subject(s)
Hymenoptera , Lepidoptera , Pupa/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Specimens of Cybocephalus sp. were collected preying on Aspidiotus destructor (Signoret) infesting coconut trees (Dwarf cultivar) and on Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché) present on Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. and Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Lyons (Cactaceae). In the later case the nitidulid was associated with another predator: Coccidophilus citricola (Brèthes) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). The eggs were laid inside the scale of the diaspidid (one egg per scale); all life stages were detected. No sexual dimorphism was observed, and the natural sex ratio was 0.52 which represents a sexual proportion of 1.1 females : 1 male. Cybocephalus specimens were also collected preying on coccids on Alamanda cathartica L. (Apocynaceae) and on Morus alba L. (Moraceae).
Espécimes de Cybocephalus sp. foram coletados predando colônias de Aspidiotus destructor (Signoret), que infestavam coqueiros da variedade Anão, e colônias de Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché) em Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. e Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Lyons (Cactaceae) (palmas-forrageiras); neste último caso, o nitidulídeo estava presente juntamente com outro predador: Coccidophilus citricola (Brèthes) Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Os ovos eram postos no interior das carapaças do diaspidídeo já predadas (um ovo por carapaça), sendo que foram encontrados todos os estágios de desenvolvimento. Não foi detectado dimorfismo sexual. A razão sexual natural foi de 0,52, o que representa uma proporção sexual de 1,1 fêmeas : 1 macho. Espécimes de Cybocephalus sp. também foram coletados predando coccídeos em Alamanda cathartica L. (Apocynaceae) e em Morus alba L. (Moraceae).
ABSTRACT
Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. and Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Lyons (Cactaceae) are alternative food sources for cattle in drought areas of the Northeastern Region of Brazil. Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché) is the unique pest of these Cactacea species and it was previously detected on the following native host plants: Cereus jamacaru DC., Melocactus sp., Opuntia dillenii Haw. and O. inamoena K. Schum. The new record of native hosts are Cereus gounellei (Weber) Luetzelb., C. squamosus Gërke. and the exotic C. hildemannianus K. Schum., from drought areas; Pereskia grandifolia Haw. and Epiphyllum oxypetalum Haw., native species from tropical forest used as ornamental plants. D. echinocacti has not infested O. monacantha Haw. in the field and in laboratory bioessays. The dissemination of the neonate scale insect transported on the body surface of the predators Chilocorus nigrita (Fabricius) and Zagreus bimaculosus (Mulsant) Coccinellidae: Chilocorinae) was registered for the first time.
Opuntia ficus indica Mill. e Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Lyons (Cactaceae) representam fontes alternativas de alimento para o gado nas regiões secas do Nordeste do Brasil. Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché), único inseto-praga destas forrageiras, foi detectado inicialmente nas seguintes cactáceas nativas: Cereus jamacaru DC., Melocactus sp., Opuntia dillenii Haw. e O. inamoena K. Schum. Os novos registros de plantas-hospedeiras são: Cereus gounellei (Weber) Luetzelb., C. squamosus Gërke. (nativas) e C. hildemannianus K. Schum., exótica, todas provenientes de regiões secas; Pereskia grandifolia Haw. e Epiphyllum oxypetalum Haw., da floresta tropical e utilizadas como plantas ornamentais. D. echinocacti não foi observada em O. monacantha Haw. no campo, nem conseguiu se estabelecer em raquetes desta planta em condições de laboratório. A disseminação de ninfas neonatas da cochonilha transportadas no corpo dos predadores Chilocorus nigrita (Fabricius) e Zagreus bimaculosus (Mulsant) (Coccinellidae: Chilocorinae) foi registrada pela primeira vez.
