Navigation and Robotic Single-Position Prone LLIF: First Cases in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: has been rapid technological advancement in navigation-guided minimally invasive surgery over the past two decades, making these advancements an invaluable aid for surgeons by essentially providing real-time virtual reconstruction of patient anatomy. The objectives of these navigation- and robot-guided procedures are to reduce the likelihood of neural and vascular injury, minimize hospitalization time, decrease bleeding and postoperative pain, shorten healing time, and lower infection rates. METHODS: A unicentric, retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiographic outcomes of the first Latin American patients diagnosed with lumbar degenerative disease who underwent lumbar interbody fusion at the L4-L5 level via prone-position lateral lumbar interbody fusion-single position prone access. RESULTS: A total of 80 patients (40 assisted by fluoroscopy, 40 assisted by robotics) with 320 percutaneous pedicle screws were evaluated. The primary outcomes analyzed and compared were radiation exposure per screw (seconds), skin-to-skin operative time (minutes), and recovery time (days). Secondary outcomes included lumbar pain intensity (visual analog scale), reported functional disability (Oswestry Disability Index), and any potential complications. All secondary outcomes were collected at the postoperative time. CONCLUSION: Comparing minimally invasive spine interventions with free-hand instrumentation and robotic instrumentation, a statistically significant difference was identified in radiation exposure per screw and surgical time. The literature on Cirq Robotic is limited; however, minimally invasive spine surgery with robotic assistance appears advantageous in terms of radiation exposure and surgical time.

Thromboembolic events in people with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: case-control study / Eventos tromboembólicos em pessoas com câncer na pandemia da COVID-19: estudo caso-controle / Eventos tromboembólicos en personas con cáncer durante la pandemia de COVID-19: estudio de caso-control

Abstract Objective: to analyze the association between coronavirus disease infection and thromboembolic events in people with cancer in the first year of the pandemic. Method: case-control study carried out by collecting medical records. The selected cases were adults with cancer, diagnosed with a thromboembolic event, treated in the selected service units during the first year of the pandemic. The control group included adults with cancer without a diagnosis of a thromboembolic event. Pearson's chi-square test was applied to verify the association between risk factors and the outcome and logistic regression techniques were applied to identify the odds ratio for the occurrence of a thromboembolic event. Results: there were 388 cases and 440 control cases included in the study (ratio 1/1). Females predominated, who were white, with mean age of 58.2 (±14.8) years. Antineoplastic chemotherapy was the most used treatment and coronavirus disease was identified in 11.59% of participants. In the case group, deep vein thrombosis was more prevalent. Conclusion: the study confirmed the hypothesis that coronavirus disease infection did not increase the chance of thromboembolic events in people with cancer. For the population studied, the factors that were associated with these events were those related to cancer and its treatment.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a associação entre a infecção por coronavírus e os eventos tromboembólicos em pessoas com câncer, durante o primeiro ano da pandemia. Método: estudo caso-controle realizado mediante coleta em prontuários. Os casos estudados foram de adultos com câncer, com diagnóstico de evento tromboembólico, atendidos nas unidades do serviço selecionado durante o primeiro ano da pandemia. O grupo controle contou com adultos com câncer sem diagnóstico de evento tromboembólico. Teste qui-quadrado de Pearson foi aplicado para verificar associação entre fatores de risco e o desfecho de técnicas de regressão logística foram aplicadas para identificar a razão de chance de ocorrência de evento tromboembólico. Resultados: 388 casos e 440 controles foram incluídos no estudo (proporção 1/1). Prevaleceu o sexo feminino, raça branca, média de idade de 58,2 (±14,8) anos. A quimioterapia antineoplásica foi o tratamento mais utilizado e a doença por coronavírus foi identificada em 11,59% dos participantes. No grupo caso, trombose venosa profunda foi mais prevalente. Conclusão: o estudo confirmou a hipótese de que a infecção por doença por coronavírus não aumentou a chance de eventos tromboembólicos em pessoas com câncer. Para a população estudada, os fatores que tiveram associação com os eventos foram os relacionados ao câncer e seu tratamento.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre la infección por enfermedad por coronavirus y eventos tromboembólicos en personas con cáncer durante el primer año de la pandemia. Método: estudio caso-control realizado mediante la recolección de datos en historiales médicos. Los casos fueron adultos con cáncer, diagnosticados con evento tromboembólico, atendidos en las unidades del servicio seleccionado durante el primer año de la pandemia. El grupo control estuvo compuesto por adultos con cáncer sin diagnóstico de evento tromboembólico. Se aplicó la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson para verificar la asociación entre factores de riesgo y el resultado, y se utilizaron técnicas de regresión logística para identificar la razón de posibilidades de ocurrencia de evento tromboembólico. Resultados: se incluyeron en el estudio 388 casos y 440 controles (proporción 1/1). Prevaleció el género femenino, raza blanca, con una edad media de 58,2 (±14,8) años. La quimioterapia antineoplásica fue el tratamiento más utilizado y la enfermedad por coronavirus fue identificada en el 11,59% de los participantes. En el grupo de casos, la trombosis venosa profunda fue más prevalente. Conclusión: el estudio confirmó la hipótesis de que la infección por enfermedad por coronavirus no aumentó la probabilidad de eventos tromboembólicos en personas con cáncer. Para la población estudiada, los factores que tuvieron asociación con estos eventos fueron los relacionados con el cáncer y su tratamiento.

Effect of agility ladder training with a cognitive task (dual task) on physical and cognitive functions: a randomized study.

Introduction: Agility training (AT) is used to improve neuromuscular performance and dynamic balance, which are crucial for the physical function of older adults. Activities of daily living, which decrease with age, involve tasks that simultaneously require motor, and cognitive abilities and can be considered dual tasks. Methods: This study investigates a training program's physical and cognitive effects using an agility ladder on healthy older adults. This program consisted of 30-min sessions twice per week and lasted for 14 weeks. The physical training included four different sequences with progressive difficulty levels, while the cognitive training (CT) included different verbal fluency (VF) tasks for each physical task. Sixteen participants (mean age of 66.9 ± 5.0 years) were allocated to two groups: AT alone (AT) and dual-task training (AT combined with CT [AT + CT]). Assessments were performed before and after 14 weeks of interventions using physical functional tests (e.g., Illinois agility test, five times sit-to-stand test, timed up and go [TUG], and one-leg stand) and cognitive tests (cognitive TUG, verbal fluency, attention, and scenery picture memory test). Results: After this period, both groups had significant differences in physical performance, muscle power, agility, static and dynamic balance, and short-term memory, whereas only the AT + CT group improved phonological verbal fluency, executive function (TUG combined with a cognitive task), attention (trail-making test-B), and short-term memory (scenery picture memory test). Conclusion: Indicating that only the group that received direct cognitive training had better enhanced cognitive function. Clinical trial registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: RBR-7t7gnjk.

Nursing workload in oncological intensive care in the COVID-19 pandemic: retrospective cohort.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the nursing workload in an oncology intensive care unit according to the condition of COVID-19 infection. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study. The Nursing Activities Score was used to measure the workload and document analysis for data extraction. The medical records were divided into a group of patients with COVID-19 and another group of patients without the infection. RESULTS: The values of the Nursing Activities Score were not different depending on the sociodemographic variables, but the average of this score was statistically different depending on whether the patient had the diagnosis of COVID-19 or not, being higher in those who had the disease. CONCLUSION: It was proved that the nursing workload is high in the context of the oncology intensive care unit. However, COVID-19 increased this score even more, with the Nursing Activities Score being an important tool to size the team in this context.

Nursing workload in oncological intensive care in the COVID-19 pandemic: retrospective cohort / Carga de trabajo de enfermería en terapia intensiva oncológica en la pandemia de COVID-19: cohorte retrospectiva / Carga de trabalho da enfermagem de terapia intensiva oncológica na pandemia da COVID-19: coorte retrospectiva

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the nursing workload in an oncology intensive care unit according to the condition of COVID-19 infection. Method: A retrospective cohort study. The Nursing Activities Score was used to measure the workload and document analysis for data extraction. The medical records were divided into a group of patients with COVID-19 and another group of patients without the infection. Results: The values of the Nursing Activities Score were not different depending on the sociodemographic variables, but the average of this score was statistically different depending on whether the patient had the diagnosis of COVID-19 or not, being higher in those who had the disease. Conclusion: It was proved that the nursing workload is high in the context of the oncology intensive care unit. However, COVID-19 increased this score even more, with the Nursing Activities Score being an important tool to size the team in this context.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comparar la carga de trabajo de enfermería en una unidad de cuidados intensivos oncológicos según el estado de infección por COVID-19. Método: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. El Nursing Activities Score se utilizó para medir la carga de trabajo y el análisis de documentos para la extracción de datos. Las historias clínicas se dividieron en pacientes con COVID-19 y pacientes sin la infección. Resultados: Los valores del Nursing Activities Score no fueron diferentes en función de las variables sociodemográficas, pero el promedio de este puntaje fue estadísticamente diferente en función de si el paciente tenía COVID-19 o no, siendo mayor en aquellos que lo tenían. Conclusión: Se comprobó que la carga de trabajo de enfermería es elevada en la unidad de terapia intensiva oncológica. Sin embargo, el COVID-19 aumentó aún más este puntaje, siendo el Nursing Activities Score una herramienta importante para dimensionar el equipo en este contexto.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a carga de trabalho da enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva oncológica, de acordo com a condição de infecção por COVID-19. Método: Estudo do tipo coorte retrospectiva. Utilizaram-se do Nursing Activies Score para mensuração da carga de trabalho e da análise documental para extração dos dados. Os prontuários foram divididos em um grupo de pacientes com COVID-19 e outro grupo de pacientes sem a infecção. Resultados: Os valores do Nursing Activies Score não foram diferentes, conforme as variáveis sociodemográficas, porém a média deste escore foi estatisticamente diferente a depender de o paciente apresentar ou não o diagnóstico de COVID-19, sendo superior naqueles que possuíam a doença. Conclusão: Comprovou-se que a carga de trabalho da enfermagem foi alta no contexto da unidade de terapia intensiva oncológica. No entanto, a COVID-19 aumentou ainda mais este escore, sendo o Nursing Activies Score importante ferramenta para dimensionar a equipe nesse contexto.

Repercussões psicossociais do tratamento radioterápico para o câncer do colo uterino: uma abordagem qualitativa / Psychosocial repercussions of radiotherapy treatment for cervical cancer: a qualitative approach / Repercusiones psicosociales del tratamiento de radioterapia para el cáncer de cuello uterino: un enfoque cualitativo

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as repercussões psicossociais do pós-tratamento radioterápico para o câncer do colo uterino. Método: estudo qualitativo, com a participação de pacientes em pós-tratamento radioterápico para o câncer do colo uterino em um ambulatório de enfermagem oncoginecológica, localizado no Município do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil. Os dados foram coletados durante os meses de março e abril de 2019 por meio de entrevista aberta e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: definiram-se quatro categorias: o constructo de papéis sociais: a perda da identidade feminina; a sexualidade da mulher pós-tratamento para o câncer do colo uterino: repercussões conjugais; dificuldades de adaptação à nova condição de vida: reconstruindo a imagem corporal; convivendo com o câncer do colo uterino: repensando a vida e reconstruindo valores através da rede de apoio. Considerações finais: os resultados contribuem para o direcionamento do cuidado, aumentando a qualidade de vida e auxiliando a reorganização da vida profissional, social e familiar dessas mulheres.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the psychosocial repercussions of post radiotherapy treatment for cervical cancer. Method: qualitative study, with the participation of patients in post radiotherapy treatment for cervical cancer in an onco-gynecologic nursing outpatient clinic, located in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil. Data were collected during the months of March and April 2019 by means of open interview and submitted to content analysis. Results: four categories were defined: the construct of social roles: the loss of female identity; the sexuality of post-treated women for cervical cancer: marital repercussions; difficulties in adapting to the new life condition: rebuilding the body image; living with cervical cancer: rethinking life and rebuilding values through the support network. Final considerations: the results contribute to the direction of care, increasing the quality of life and helping these women reorganize their professional, social, and family lives.

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer las repercusiones psicosociales del tratamiento post-radioterapia del cáncer de cuello de útero. Método: estudio cualitativo, con la participación de pacientes en tratamiento post radioterapia para cáncer de cuello uterino en una consulta externa de enfermería oncoginecológica, ubicada en el Municipio de Río de Janeiro - Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados durante los meses de marzo y abril de 2019 a través de una entrevista abierta y fueron sometidos a un análisis de contenido. Resultados: se definieron cuatro categorías: la construcción de los roles sociales: la pérdida de la identidad femenina; la sexualidad de las mujeres después del tratamiento del cáncer de cuello uterino: las repercusiones conyugales; las dificultades de adaptación a la nueva condición de vida: la reconstrucción de la imagen corporal; la convivencia con el cáncer de cuello uterino: el replanteamiento de la vida y la reconstrucción de los valores a través de la red de apoyo. Consideraciones finales: los resultados contribuyen a la orientación de los cuidados, aumentando la calidad de vida y ayudando a la reorganización de la vida profesional, social y familiar de estas mujeres.

Saúde mental no ensino superior: revisão de literatura / Mental health in higher education: literature review

A saúde mental de universitários é uma temática crescente na literatura científica, principalmente devido ao aumento da prevalência de transtornos psicológicos. Com o intuito de aprofundar aspectos como vulnerabilidade, fatores de risco e de proteção e consequências para a saúde dos estudantes, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura das publicações do período entre 2009 a 2019. Elegeram-se as seguintes bases de dados: PsycInfo, Dialnet, Scielo Brasil, PePSic e a Web of Science e foram analisados 161 artigos. Contatou-se que Brasil, Estados Unidos e Espanha foram os países com maior número de publicações. A metodologia adotada pela maioria das pesquisas foi a quantitativa, destacando-se delineamentos descritivos, experimentais, correlacionais e transversais. A maioria das publicações tiveram como público-alvo estudantes das áreas de saúde e verificou-se uma necessidade de validação de instrumentos específicos para o contexto acadêmico. Estudos futuros podem ampliar as discussões acerca do suicídio acadêmico e também discutir possibilidades de prevenção, propostas de intervenção e a saúde mental em estudantes de mestrado e doutorado.

Whe mental health of university students is a growing theme in the scientific literature, mainly due to the increased prevalence of psychological disorders. To deepen aspects such as vulnerability, risk and protection factors and consequences for the health of students, we carried out a systematic review of publications from 2009-2019. The chosen databases were: PsycInfo, Dialnet, Scielo Brasil, PePSic, and Web of Science. We analyzed 161 articles. The countries with the largest number of publications were Brazil, United States and Spain. The methodology adopted by most surveys was quantitative, with descriptive, experimental, correlational and cross-sectional designs standing out. Health care students were the ones with the highest frequency of publication and there was a need to validate instruments used for the academic context. Future studies can expand the discussions about academic suicide and also discuss possibilities for prevention, intervention proposals and the mental health in master and doctoral students.

Resistance Training Combined With Cognitive Training Increases Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Improves Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Adults.

Background: The present study compared the effects of a traditional resistance training (TRT) and resistance training combined with cognitive task (RT + CT) on body composition, physical performance, cognitive function, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) levels in older adults. Methods: Thirty community-dwelling older adults were randomized into TRT (70.0 ± 8.1; 25% men) and RT + CT (66.3 ± 4.6; 31% men). Exercise groups performed a similar resistance training (RT) program, twice a week over 16 weeks. Cognitive Training involved performing verbal fluency simultaneously with RT. Exercise sessions (eight resistance exercises) were performed 2-3 sets, 8-15 repetitions at 60%-70% of 1-repetition maximum (1RM). Body composition, physical function, cognitive performance, and BDNF levels were assessed before and after intervention period. Results: The physical performance was similarly improved in response to both TRT and RT + CT (p = 0.001). However, exclusive improvements on cognitive function (p < 0.001) and BDNF levels (p = 0.001) were observed only after RT + CT. Conclusion: The RT program associated with a cognitive task, improved physical and cognitive performance in healthy older adults.

Scientific Publications on Nursing for COVID-19 in Patients With Cancer: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: The needs of patients with cancer must be met, especially in times of crisis. The advent of the pandemic triggered a series of strategic actions by the nursing team to preserve the health of patients and professionals-hence the importance of studies on nursing care actions provided to patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is known that these patients are susceptible to severe COVID-19. However, no previous review has summarized the findings of scientific studies on nursing for COVID-19 in patients with cancer. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to map the topics addressed in scientific studies on nursing for COVID-19 in patients with cancer. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using the methodology described in the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers' Manual 2015. The research question was elaborated using the population, concept, and context framework: What topics have been studied in nursing publications about COVID-19 in adult patients with cancer? The searches were carried out in 8 databases between April and November 2021 without time restrictions. RESULTS: In total, 973 publications were identified using the search strategies in the databases, and 12 papers were retrieved by consulting the references. A total of 31 (3.2%) publications were included in the final analysis, generating 4 thematic categories on the subject: "restructuring the services: how oncology nursing was adapted during the pandemic," "experiences of patients and performance of the nursing team during the COVID-19 pandemic," "protocols and recommendations for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic," and "challenges and the role of oncology nurses facing the COVID-19 pandemic." CONCLUSIONS: Several strategies used by oncology nurses to face the COVID-19 pandemic in the international scenario were identified. Reports about the restructuring of services and the team's reactions to the pandemic predominated. However, there is a lack of reports regarding emotional support strategies for health care professionals. Another gap identified was the scarcity of clinical studies on the activities developed by oncology nurses. Therefore, there is a need for clinical research in the oncology area and emotional coping strategies to support oncology nurses.

Estresse juvenil de curta frequência e intensidade não afeta a substância branca cerebral de ratos / Juvenile stress of short frequency and intensity does not affect rats´ brain white matter

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos duradouros de dois tipos de estresse sobre o corpo caloso (CC). Foram estudados 42 ratos Wistar machos divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos: Grupo Controle (GC), Estresse Físico (EF, imobilização) e Estresse Psicológico (EP, exposição ao predador). Os procedimentos de estresse ocorreram durante três dias consecutivos na idade juvenil (P25-P27) e foram analisados na idade adulta (P74). Os cérebros foram coletados, processados com a técnica de Klüver-Barrera, e secções foram analisadas por meio de morfometria. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve alterações em aspectos gerais como peso dos animais, e histológicos como espessura do CC e quantidade dos núcleos gliais nesta região. O estudo sugere que os efeitos duradouros de ambos os modelos de estresse juvenil de curta frequência (3 dias) e intensidade (90 minutos/EF e 20 minutos/EP) não foram nem prejudiciais e nem protetores, o que pode ser considerado uma adaptação positiva.

The current study evaluates the lasting effects of two types of stress on the corpus callosum (CC). Forty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control Group (CG), Physical Stress (FS, immobilization) and Psychological Stress (PS, exposure to predators). Stress procedures occurred for three consecutive days at the juvenile stage (P25-P27) and analyzed at the adult age (P74); brains were retrieved and processed by Klüver-Barrera technique and sections were analyzed by morphometry. Results showed that there were no changes in the general aspects such as animal weight, and in the histological aspects such as CC thickness and quantity of the region´s glia nuclei. Current research suggests that the lasting effects of both models of juvenile stress of short frequency (3 days) and intensity (90 minutes/FS and 20 minutes/PS) were neither detrimental nor protective, featuring a positive adaptation.

Diálogos entre pedagogia do esporte e teoria do treinamento esportivo nas modalidades coletivas de invasão / Dialogues between sport pedagogy and theory of sport training in invasion team sports / Diálogos entre pedagogía del deporte y teoría del entrenamiento en los deportes colectivos de invasión

As modalidades coletivas de invasão têm sido investigadas a partir da complexidade, derivando dessas investigações propostas metodológicas de cunho sistêmico. Neste ensaio, à luz do pensamento complexo, aproximamos Pedagogia do Esporte e Teoria do Treinamento Esportivo e discutimos sobre possibilidades de integração das dimensões humanas nos processos de ensino/treino pela ótica interdisciplinar, como meio de tornar as tarefas de aprendizagem, as sessões de ensino/treino e os currículos de programas esportivos mais ecológicos e holísticos. Apresentamos alternativas de incremento de propostas metodo-lógicas existentes e convidamos a comunidade acadêmica a refletirmos sobre a importância de investigações interdisciplinares e a necessidade de repensarmos a formação acadêmica rumo à transdisciplinaridade (AU).

Invasion team sports have been investigated based on the complexity, and systemic methodological proposals have been derived from it. In this paper, in light of complex thinking, we approach Sport Pedagogy and Sport Training Theory to discuss possibilities for integrating human dimensions in teaching/training processes through an interdisciplinary perspective, as a means of making learning tasks, teaching/training sessions and sports programs curricula more ecological and holistic. We present some alternatives for updating existing methodological proposals, and invite the academic community to reflect on the importance of interdisciplinary research and the need to rethink higher education towards transdisciplinarity (AU).

Los deportes colectivos de invasión se han investigado a partir de la complejidad con propuestas metodológicas sistémicas. En este ensayo, a la luz del pensamiento complejo, abordamos la Pedagogía Deportiva y la Teoría del Entrenamiento Deportivo y discutimos posibilidades de integración de las dimensiones humanas en los procesos de entrenamiento, a través de una perspectiva interdisciplinar, como medio para realizar tareas de aprendizaje, sesiones de enseñanza y los programas más ecológicos y holísticos. Presentamos posibilidades de incrementar las propuestas metodológicas existentes, y invitamos a la comunidad académica a reflexionar sobre la importancia de investigaciones interdisciplinarias y la necesidad de repensar la formación académica hacia la transdisciplinariedad (au).

Diálogos entre pedagogia do esporte e teoria do treinamento esportivo nas modalidades coletivas de invasão / Dialogues between sport pedagogy and theory of sport training in invasion team sports / Diálogos entre pedagogía del deporte y teoría del entrenamiento en los deportes colectivos de invasión

As modalidades coletivas de invasão têm sido investigadas a partir da complexidade, derivando dessas investigações propostas metodológicas de cunho sistêmico. Neste ensaio, à luz do pensamento complexo, aproximamos Pedagogia do Esporte e Teoria do Treinamento Esportivo e discutimos sobre possibilidades de integração das dimensões humanas nos processos de ensino/treino pela ótica interdisciplinar, como meio de tornar as tarefas de aprendizagem, as sessões de ensino/treino e os currículos de programas esportivos mais ecológicos e holísticos. Apresentamos alternativas de incremento de propostas metodológicas existentes e convidamos a comunidade acadêmica a refletirmos sobre a importância de investigações interdisciplinares e a necessidade de repensarmos a formação acadêmica rumo à transdisciplinaridade.

Invasion team sports have been investigated based on the complexity, and systemic methodological proposals have been derived from it. In this paper, in light of complex thinking, we approach Sport Pedagogy and Sport Training Theory to discuss possibilities for integrating human dimensions in teaching/training processes through an interdisciplinary perspective, as a means of making learning tasks, teaching/training sessions and sports programs curricula more ecological and holistic. We present some alternatives for updating existing methodological proposals, and invite the academic community to reflect on the importance of interdisciplinary research and the need to rethink higher education towards transdisciplinarity.

Los deportes colectivos de invasión se han investigado a partir de la complejidad con propuestas metodológicas sistémicas. En este ensayo, a la luz del pensamiento complejo, abordamos la Pedagogía Deportiva y la Teoría del Entrenamiento Deportivo y discutimos posibilidades de integración de las dimensiones humanas en los procesos de entrenamiento, a través de una perspectiva interdisciplinar, como medio para realizar tareas de aprendizaje, sesiones de enseñanza y los programas más ecológicos y holísticos. Presentamos posibilidades de incrementar las propuestas metodológicas existentes, y invitamos a la comunidad académica a reflexionar sobre la importancia de investigaciones interdisciplinarias y la necesidad de repensar la formación académica hacia la transdisciplinariedad.

Assédio moral/mobbing e saúde mental: revisão sistemática de literatura / Moral harassment/mobbing and mental health: a systematic literature review

O assédio moral, ou mobbing, é um tipo de violência interpessoal que provoca prejuízos na saúde e no bem-estar dos trabalhadores. Este estudo analisou publicações sobre a relação entre assédio moral e saúde/doença mental, por meio de busca de artigos em bases de dados associando os termos "saúde/doença mental" e "assédio moral/mobbing", em português, inglês e espanhol, entre os anos de 2005 e 2017. Foram encontrados 106 artigos. Observou-se que o ano de maior publicação foi 2012 com 19 artigos. O Brasil publicou 27 artigos e a Espanha 18. Treze artigos estudaram trabalhadores da área da saúde, quarenta e cinco artigos utilizaram metodologia quantitativa e foram encontradas 30 revisões de literatura. Como resultado, destacamos a presença da depressão e ideação suicida como principais consequências observadas e as produções sobre medidas de prevenção e intervenção do assédio moral no trabalho

Workplace bullying (or mobbing) is a sort of interpersonal violence that damages health and welfare of workers. This research analyzed articles about the link between "workplace bullying" and "mental health/illness". A systematic literature review was performed in several databases, associating the terms "mental health/illness" and "workplace bullying/mobbing", in Portuguese, English and Spanish, between 2005 and 2017. One hundred and six articles were found. It was observed that the year of greatest publication was 2012 with nineteen articles. Brazil published twentyseven articles and Spain eighteen. Thirteen articles studied health workers, forty-five articles used quantitative methodology and thirty literature reviews were found. As a result, we highlight the presence of depression and suicidal ideation as the main consequences observed and productions on measures of prevention and intervention of bullying at work

Protocolo de cuidados básicos de enfermagem para clientes pós-angioplastia transluminal coronariana / Protocol of basic care of nursing for clients post-angioplasty coronarian transluminal

O objeto de estudo dessa pesquisa é definido como os cuidados básicos de enfermagem para promoção do conforto do cliente pós-angioplastia transluminal coronariana (ATC). Os objetivos são: 1 - Elaborar um protocolo de cuidados básicos de enfermagem para promoção do conforto do cliente pós-ATC; e 2 - Validar o protocolo através da avaliação de especialistas. Método: Estudo do tipo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa e medidas quantitativas. O percurso metodológico foi dividido em três etapas: a primeira, uma revisão integrativa da literatura (RIL), que serviu como base teórico-científica para a segunda etapa: elaboração do protocolo. A terceira etapa é a validação do protocolo por enfermeiros especialistas. Foi feita a RIL, e após aplicar os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 13 artigos. O protocolo foi elaborado a partir da identificação dos cuidados de enfermagem encontrados na literatura e do conhecimento teórico-prático das pesquisadoras. Constou de itens encontrados nos artigos e itens relacionados aos cuidados básicos de enfermagem de Virgínia Henderson, além de algumas recomendações da American Heart Association. Distribuiu-se os cuidados em três partes: Acolhimento do cliente na unidade pós-angioplastia transluminal coronariana, intervenções de enfermagem durante a recuperação/repouso e cuidados e orientações para a alta, totalizando 25 itens em sua primeira versão. Para validação do protocolo elaborado, foi utilizada a técnica Delphi e selecionados nove enfermeiros com experiência ou especialização na área de cardiologia e hemodinâmica como juízes. Resultados: Foi evidenciado na análise dos resultados da RIL e das respostas dos especialistas que os enfermeiros preferem discutir as complicações do procedimento ao invés dos cuidados básicos de enfermagem. Foram necessárias três rodadas de perguntas e respostas para que todos os itens do protocolo atingissem taxa de concordância e índice de validade de conteúdo de no mínimo 0,9. De acordo com as sugestões feitas pelos especialistas e análise das mesmas, o documento foi alterado, o qual em sua versão final totalizou 28 itens. Considerações Finais: Espera-se, com os resultados, nortear a prática do enfermeiro favorecendo a qualidade da assistência. Sugere-se a aplicação do protocolo elaborado na prática clínica, bem como a construção de novos protocolos abordando os períodos pré e trans-ATC

The object of study of this research is defined as basic care of nursing to promote client comfort after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The objectives are: 1 - To elaborate a protocol of basic care of nursing to promote the comfort of the client after PTCA; and 2 - Validate the protocol through expert assessment. Method: Descriptive study, qualitative approach and quantitative measures. The methodological course was divided into three stages: the first, an integrative literature review (RIL), which served as a theoretical-scientific basis for the second stage: protocol elaboration. The third step is protocol validation by specialist nurses. The RIL was done, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles were selected. The protocol was elaborated from the identification of the nursing care found in the literature and from the theoreticalpractical knowledge of the researchers. It consisted of items found in the articles and items related to basic nursing care of Virginia Henderson, in addition to some recommendations from the American Heart Association. The care was distributed in three parts: Customer reception in the coronary transluminal post-angioplasty unit, nursing interventions during recovery / rest and care and guidelines for discharge, totaling 25 items in its first version. To validate the protocol, the Delphi technique was used and nine nurses with experience or specialization in the area of cardiology and hemodynamics as judges were selected. Results: It was evidenced in the analysis of the RIL results and the answers of the specialists that the nurses prefer to discuss the complications of the procedure instead of the basic nursing care. Three rounds of questions and answers were required for all items in the protocol to reach agreement rate and content validity index of at least 0.9. According to the suggestions made by the experts and their analysis, the document was changed, which in its final version totaled 28 items. Final Considerations: It is hoped, with the results, to guide the practice of the nurse favoring the quality of care. It is suggested the application of the protocol elaborated in clinical practice, as well as the construction of new protocols addressing the pre and trans-ATC periods

Nutritional intervention with hypocaloric diet for weight control in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by the lack of expression of paternal alleles in the proximal region of the long arm of chromosome 15. Low inhibitory control and hyperphagia are two of the most severe neurobehavioral symptoms of the syndrome. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficiency of nutritional training program with the use hypocaloric diet for weight control in a group of five children and adolescents with PWS. The intervention program consisted of 10 sessions for parents' orientation during 8months. Patients had their anthropometric measures assessed (weight, height and body mass index - BMI). The main results indicate weight maintenance, height increase, and BMI decrease after intervention. These results were considered indicators of the program's efficiency.

Restrição alimentar e problemas de comportamento de crianças com Síndrome de Prader-Willi / Dietary restriction and behavioral problems of children with Prader Willi syndrome

A síndrome de Prader Willi (SPW) é uma doença genética causada pela deleção de genes na região 15q11-13. Associa-se com deficiência intelectual e alterações neurocomportamentais de difícil manejo. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os problemas de comportamento de dois grupos de crianças e adolescentes com SPW em função da possibilidade de acesso livre e de acesso restrito a alimentos no ambiente familiar. A amostra foi composta por 12 crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico citogenético-molecular para SPW (seis em cada grupo) e suas respectivas mães. Das crianças e adolescentes foi registrado o peso corporal em Kg e junto às mães foi aplicado o Inventário de Comportamentos para Crianças e Adolescentes entre 6 e 18 anos (CBCL/6-18). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos em relação a problemas de ansiedade e depressão, violação de regras e desafio e oposição. O grupo de acesso restrito ao alimento apresentou maior número de problemas comportamentais.(AU)

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by a deletion of genes in region 15q11-13. It is associated with intellectual disability and unwieldy neurobehavioral alterations. The aim of the study was to compare behavior problems of two groups of children and adolescents with PWS considering the possibility of free or restricted access to food at home. The sample was composed of 12 children and adolescents with cytogenetic-molecular diagnosis of SPW (6 in each group) and their mothers. Children and adolescents had their body weight recorded and the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 years old (CBCL/6-18) was answered by the mothers. The groups presented statistically significant differences related to problems of anxiety and depression, violation of rules and defiance and opposition. The group with restricted access to food presented more behavioral problems.(AU)

Restrição alimentar e problemas de comportamento de crianças com Síndrome de Prader-Willi / Dietary restriction and behavioral problems of children with Prader Willi syndrome

A síndrome de Prader Willi (SPW) é uma doença genética causada pela deleção de genes na região 15q11-13. Associa-se com deficiência intelectual e alterações neurocomportamentais de difícil manejo. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os problemas de comportamento de dois grupos de crianças e adolescentes com SPW em função da possibilidade de acesso livre e de acesso restrito a alimentos no ambiente familiar. A amostra foi composta por 12 crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico citogenético-molecular para SPW (seis em cada grupo) e suas respectivas mães. Das crianças e adolescentes foi registrado o peso corporal em Kg e junto às mães foi aplicado o Inventário de Comportamentos para Crianças e Adolescentes entre 6 e 18 anos (CBCL/6-18). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos em relação a problemas de ansiedade e depressão, violação de regras e desafio e oposição. O grupo de acesso restrito ao alimento apresentou maior número de problemas comportamentais...

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by a deletion of genes in region 15q11-13. It is associated with intellectual disability and unwieldy neurobehavioral alterations. The aim of the study was to compare behavior problems of two groups of children and adolescents with PWS considering the possibility of free or restricted access to food at home. The sample was composed of 12 children and adolescents with cytogenetic-molecular diagnosis of SPW (6 in each group) and their mothers. Children and adolescents had their body weight recorded and the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 years old (CBCL/6-18) was answered by the mothers. The groups presented statistically significant differences related to problems of anxiety and depression, violation of rules and defiance and opposition. The group with restricted access to food presented more behavioral problems...

O pré-operatório e a ansiedade do paciente: a aliança entre o enfermeiro e o psicólogo / The pre-surgery anxiety of the patient: the alliance between the nurse and psychologist

A doença leva o sujeito a uma situação de crise, já que rompe com o equilíbrio físico e psicológico do paciente. A necessidade de hospitalização e de intervenção cirúrgica potencializa as ameaças pelas quais ele passa, fazendo-o atravessar um momento de ansiedade que interfere no curso do seu tratamento e na sua recuperação. Atrelado a esse quadro, soma-se a falta de informação que, frequentemente, intensifica essa angústia. Este estudo busca, através de uma revisão literária, analisar e discutir o estado emocional do paciente pré-operatório perceptível ao olhar do enfermeiro, salientando a importância de tal reflexão, a fim de promover práticas mais humanizadoras, tão amplamente discutidas no âmbito da saúde pública. Tal análise visa às ações do enfermeiro que podem contribuir para minimizar o medo e a insegurança do paciente, contribuindo beneficamente com todo o processo de tratamento. A Visita Pré-operatória de Enfermagem (VPOE) e o acompanhamento pré-operatório realizado pelo psicólogo se apresentam como grandes aliados no enfrentamento da situação, facilitando a recuperação do paciente. Reflexões dessa natureza são relevantes não apenas ao enfermeiro e ao psicólogo, mas também a todos os profissionais da área, possibilitando, assim, a prestação de um serviço de melhor qualidade, sobretudo, do ponto de vista humano.(AU)

An illness generally leads a person to a condition in which s/he faces a crisis, once it upsets the physical and psychological balance of the patients. The need of hospitalization and surgical intervention increases the power of the threats faced by these patients, making them experience moments of anxiety which interfere with course of their treatment and recovery. To this state of things, one adds the lack of information of the patients as a variable that can intensify the sense of anguish they experience. This paper aims to analyze and discuss through a revision of the literature the perceivable pre-surgery emotional state of patients in the eyes of nurses. The author points out the importance of such reflections to promote more human practices in the context of public health system. The focus of the current analysis is the actions of the nurses, which can minimize the fear and insecurity the patients, thus contributing with all the process of treatment. The visit of the nurse before the surgery (VNBS) and the pre-surgery assistance of the psychologist may constitute great allies in fighting the crisis by facilitating the patients’ recovery. Reflections of this nature may be good not only for nurses and psychologists, but also to all professionals in the health area, by making possible the offer of a service of better quality, but above all, a more human and caring service.(AU)

Prospective, randomized, open label trial of Efavirenz vs Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV+ treatment-naive subjects with CD4+<200 cell/mm3 in Mexico.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of efavirenz (EFV) vs lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in combination with azidothymidine/lamivudine in antiretroviral therapy naive, HIV+ individuals presenting for care with CD4 counts <200/mm. METHODS: Prospective, randomized, open label, multicenter trial in Mexico. HIV-infected subjects with CD4 <200/mm were randomized to receive open label EFV or LPV/r plus azidothymidine/lamivudine (fixed-dose combination) for 48 weeks. Randomization was stratified by baseline CD4 cell count (< or =100 or >100/mm). The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL at 48 weeks by intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: A total of 189 patients (85% men) were randomized to receive EFV (95) or LPV/r (94). Median baseline CD4 were 64 and 52/mm, respectively (P = not significant). At week 48, by intention-to-treat analysis, 70% of EFV and 53% of LPV/r patients achieved HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL [estimated difference 17% (95% confidence interval 3.5 to 31), P = 0.013]. The proportion with HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/mL was 73% with EFV and 65% with LPV/r (P = 0.25). Virologic failure occurred in 7 patients on EFV and 17 on LPV/r. Mean CD4 count increases (cells/mm) were 234 for EFV and 239 for LPV/r. Mean change in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were 50 and 48 mg/dL in EFV and 63 and 116 mg/dL in LPV/r (P = 0.24 and P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In these very advanced HIV-infected ARV-naive subjects, EFV-based highly active antiretroviral therapy had superior virologic efficacy than LPV/r-based highly active antiretroviral therapy, with a more favorable lipid profile.