High-intensity ultrasound improves color and oxidative stability of beef from grain-fed and pasture-fed Nellore cattle.

This research aimed to evaluate the influence of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) levels (control: 0; high: 747.79; ultra-high: 1344.17 Wcm-2) on pH, instrumental color (redness, R630/580, hue angle and chroma) and oxidative stability (lipid and protein oxidation) of Psoas major (PM) muscle from Nellore cattle raised in two feeding systems: grain and pasture. Using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach, the relations (P > 0.05) between exogenous (HIU levels) and endogenous (pH, color, lipid and protein oxidation) variables were observed. In beef from grain-fed animals the pH was directly and negatively related to lipid oxidation (γ = -0.321), hue angle (γ = -0.847) and chroma (γ = -0.442) and protein oxidation (γ = -0.752). In PM from pasture-fed HIU exhibited a negative relation with lipid (γ = -0.144) and protein (γ = -0.743) oxidation, suggesting a possible positive influence on the oxidative stability of meat and a positive relation with redness (γ = 0.197) and R630/580 (γ = 0.379). The HIU positively influenced the color and oxidative stability of beef from Bos indicus cattle, and a synergistic effect of HIU and feeding system on beef from pasture-fed animals.

Renal fibrosis due to multiple cisplatin treatment is exacerbated by kinin B1 receptor antagonism.

Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, but its side effects are a major limiting factor. Nephrotoxicity occurs in one third of patients undergoing cisplatin treatment. The acute tubular injury caused by cisplatin often leads to a defective repair process, which translates into chronic renal disorders. In this way, cisplatin affects tubular cells, and maladaptive tubules regeneration will ultimately result in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Kinins are well known for being important peptides in the regulation of inflammatory stimuli, and kinin B1 receptor deficiency and antagonism have been shown to be beneficial against acute cisplatin nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to analyze the effects of kinin B1 receptor deletion and antagonism against repeated cisplatin-induced chronic renal dysfunction and fibrosis. Both the deletion and the antagonism of B1 receptor exacerbated cisplatin-induced chronic renal dysfunction. Moreover, the inhibition of B1 receptor increased tubular injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis after repeated treatment with cisplatin. The balance between M1/M2 macrophage polarization plays an important role in renal fibrosis. Kinin B1 receptor antagonism had no impact on M1 markers when compared to cisplatin. However, YM1, an M2 marker and an important molecule for the wound healing process, was decreased in mice treated with kinin B1 receptor antagonist, compared to cisplatin alone. Endothelin-1 levels were also increased in mice with B1 receptor inhibition. This study showed that kinin B1 receptor inhibition exacerbated cisplatin-induced chronic renal dysfunction and fibrosis, associated with reduced YM1 M2 marker expression, thus possibly affecting the wound healing process.

Renal fibrosis due to multiple cisplatin treatment is exacerbated by kinin B1 receptor antagonism

Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, but its side effects are a major limiting factor. Nephrotoxicity occurs in one third of patients undergoing cisplatin treatment. The acute tubular injury caused by cisplatin often leads to a defective repair process, which translates into chronic renal disorders. In this way, cisplatin affects tubular cells, and maladaptive tubules regeneration will ultimately result in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Kinins are well known for being important peptides in the regulation of inflammatory stimuli, and kinin B1 receptor deficiency and antagonism have been shown to be beneficial against acute cisplatin nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to analyze the effects of kinin B1 receptor deletion and antagonism against repeated cisplatin-induced chronic renal dysfunction and fibrosis. Both the deletion and the antagonism of B1 receptor exacerbated cisplatin-induced chronic renal dysfunction. Moreover, the inhibition of B1 receptor increased tubular injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis after repeated treatment with cisplatin. The balance between M1/M2 macrophage polarization plays an important role in renal fibrosis. Kinin B1 receptor antagonism had no impact on M1 markers when compared to cisplatin. However, YM1, an M2 marker and an important molecule for the wound healing process, was decreased in mice treated with kinin B1 receptor antagonist, compared to cisplatin alone. Endothelin-1 levels were also increased in mice with B1 receptor inhibition. This study showed that kinin B1 receptor inhibition exacerbated cisplatin-induced chronic renal dysfunction and fibrosis, associated with reduced YM1 M2 marker expression, thus possibly affecting the wound healing process.

Children's perceptions regarding functional limitations due to oral problems.

AIM: To evaluate factors associated with difficulty eating and speaking due to oral problems according to the reports of children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 769 5-year-old children at preschools in a city in northeast Brazil. Parents/caretakers answered a questionnaire addressing socio-demographic data and a history of dental pain. The children answered the scale of oral health outcomes for 5-year-old children, which was used to evaluate the dependent variables. Clinical examinations of the children were performed by examiners who had undergone calibration exercises. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%). RESULTS: The prevalence of the perception of functional limitations on the part of the children was 35.5% for difficulty eating and 22.9% for difficulty speaking. Difficulty eating was associated with a history of dental pain (PR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.27-2.22) and the occurrence of traumatic dental injury (TDI) (PR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.01-1.52). Difficulty speaking due to oral problems was associated with studying at a public preschool (PR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.19-2.46), a history of dental pain (PR = 1.54; 95% CI 1.07-2.20), and the occurrence of TDI (PR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.12-2.06). CONCLUSIONS: Pain symptoms and the occurrence of TDI can exert an influence on the development of functional limitations. With regard to socioeconomic factors, studying at a public preschool can influence difficulty speaking in children.

Cardiac protein expression patterns are associated with distinct inborn exercise capacity in non-selectively bred rats.

In the present study, we successfully demonstrated for the first time the existence of cardiac proteomic differences between non-selectively bred rats with distinct intrinsic exercise capacities. A proteomic approach based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry was used to study the left ventricle (LV) tissue proteome of rats with distinct intrinsic exercise capacity. Low running performance (LRP) and high running performance (HRP) rats were categorized by a treadmill exercise test, according to distance run to exhaustion. The running capacity of HRPs was 3.5-fold greater than LRPs. Protein profiling revealed 29 differences between HRP and LRP rats (15 proteins were identified). We detected alterations in components involved in metabolism, antioxidant and stress response, microfibrillar and cytoskeletal proteins. Contractile proteins were upregulated in the LVs of HRP rats (α-myosin heavy chain-6, myosin light chain-1 and creatine kinase), whereas the LVs of LRP rats exhibited upregulation in proteins associated with stress response (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, α-crystallin B chain and HSPß-2). In addition, the cytoskeletal proteins desmin and α-actin were upregulated in LRPs. Taken together, our results suggest that the increased contractile protein levels in HRP rats partly accounted for their improved exercise capacity, and that proteins considered risk factors to the development of cardiovascular disease were expressed in higher amounts in LRP animals.

Glutathione depletion sensitizes cisplatin- and temozolomide-resistant glioma cells in vitro and in vivo.

Malignant glioma is a severe type of brain tumor with a poor prognosis and few options for therapy. The main chemotherapy protocol for this type of tumor is based on temozolomide (TMZ), albeit with limited success. Cisplatin is widely used to treat several types of tumor and, in association with TMZ, is also used to treat recurrent glioma. However, several mechanisms of cellular resistance to cisplatin restrict therapy efficiency. In that sense, enhanced DNA repair, high glutathione levels and functional p53 have a critical role on cisplatin resistance. In this work, we explored several mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in human glioma. We showed that cellular survival was independent of the p53 status of those cells. In addition, in a host-cell reactivation assay using cisplatin-treated plasmid, we did not detect any difference in DNA repair capacity. We demonstrated that cisplatin-treated U138MG cells suffered fewer DNA double-strand breaks and DNA platination. Interestingly, the resistant cells carried higher levels of intracellular glutathione. Thus, preincubation with the glutathione inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) induced massive cell death, whereas N-acetyl cysteine, a precursor of glutathione synthesis, improved the resistance to cisplatin treatment. In addition, BSO sensitized glioma cells to TMZ alone or in combination with cisplatin. Furthermore, using an in vivo model the combination of BSO, cisplatin and TMZ activated the caspase 3-7 apoptotic pathway. Remarkably, the combined treatment did not lead to severe side effects, while causing a huge impact on tumor progression. In fact, we noted a remarkable threefold increase in survival rate compared with other treatment regimens. Thus, the intracellular glutathione concentration is a potential molecular marker for cisplatin resistance in glioma, and the use of glutathione inhibitors, such as BSO, in association with cisplatin and TMZ seems a promising approach for the therapy of such devastating tumors.

Perfil dos usuários em assistência domiciliar no SUS: coordenadoria regional de saúde sul da cidade de São Paulo / Profile of home care users in the SUS: regional health south of the city of Sao Paulo

A incidência de usuários com dependência para a realização das atividades de vida diária (AVD) é crescente e tem sido regulamentada pelo Ministério da Saúde desde 2002. Essa população deve ser atendida no ambiente domiciliar buscando melhor conforto e segurança. Na região sul do município de São Paulo, esse atendimento é realizado pela atenção básica, por equipes de assistência domiciliar (UAD) e unidades básicas de saúde (UBS/ESF) que acompanham os pacientes crônicos acamados estáveis, em domicílio, com suporte das UAD.

Conhecendo o idoso na atenção básica: coordenadoria regional de saúde sul de São Paulo / Knowing the elderly in primary care: health region, south of Sao Paulo

Desde 2006 o Ministério da Saúde e a Secretaria de Saúde do Município de São Paulo vem implementando ações para a Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa e, em 2008, implantou a Caderneta Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa com o objetivo de conhecer e monitorar os idosos usuários do SUS.

A interface da gestão em saúde e assistência domiciliar da coordenadoria regional de saúde sul do município de São Paulo / The interface of health management and home care of the health region, south of São Paulo

A regulamentação da modalidade de Assistência Domiciliar no SUS iniciou-se através da LEI Nº 10.424/02 do Ministério da Saúde (MS). Em 2002, os serviços de assistência domiciliar (UAD) foram implantados oficialmente pela SMS/PMSP.

A interface da gestão em saúde e assistência domiciliar da Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde Sul do município de São Paulo / The interface of health management and home care of the Health Region, South of São Paulo

A regulamentação da modalidade de Assistência Domiciliar no SUS iniciou-se através da LEI Nº 10.424/02 do Ministério da Saúde (MS). Em 2002, os serviços de assistência domiciliar (UAD) foram implantados oficialmente pela SMS/PMSP(AU)

Conhecendo o idoso na Atenção Básica - Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde Sul de São Paulo / Knowing the elderly in Primary Care - Health Region, south of Sao Paulo

Desde 2006 o Ministério da Saúde e a Secretaria de Saúde do Município de São Paulo vem implementando ações para a Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa e, em 2008, implantou a Caderneta Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa com o objetivo de conhecer e monitorar os idosos usuários do SUS(AU)

Perfil dos usuários em Assistência Domiciliar no SUS – Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde Sul da cidade de São Paulo / Profile of Home Care users in the SUS - Regional Health south of the city of Sao Paulo

A incidência de usuários com dependência para a realização das atividades de vida diária (AVD) é crescente e tem sido regulamentada pelo Ministério da Saúde desde 2002. Essa população deve ser atendida no ambiente domiciliar buscando melhor conforto e segurança. Na região sul do município de São Paulo, esse atendimento é realizado pela atenção básica, por equipes de assistência domiciliar (UAD) e unidades básicas de saúde (UBS/ESF) que acompanham os pacientes crônicos acamados estáveis, em domicílio, com suporte das UAD(AU)

A interface da gestão em saúde e assistência domiciliar da Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde Sul do município de São Paulo

A regulamentação da modalidade de Assistência Domiciliar no SUS iniciou-se através da LEI Nº 10.424/02 do Ministério da Saúde (MS). Em 2002, os serviços de assistência domiciliar (UAD) foram implantados oficialmente pela SMS/PMSP

Conhecendo o idoso na Atenção Básica - Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde Sul de São Paulo

Desde 2006 o Ministério da Saúde e a Secretaria de Saúde do Município de São Paulo vem implementando ações para a Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa e, em 2008, implantou a Caderneta Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa com o objetivo de conhecer e monitorar os idosos usuários do SUS

Perfil dos usuários em Assistência Domiciliar no SUS – Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde Sul da cidade de São Paulo

A incidência de usuários com dependência para a realização das atividades de vida diária (AVD) é crescente e tem sido regulamentada pelo Ministério da Saúde desde 2002. Essa população deve ser atendida no ambiente domiciliar buscando melhor conforto e segurança. Na região sul do município de São Paulo, esse atendimento é realizado pela atenção básica, por equipes de assistência domiciliar (UAD) e unidades básicas de saúde (UBS/ESF) que acompanham os pacientes crônicos acamados estáveis, em domicílio, com suporte das UAD

Assessment of aerobic capacity during swimming exercise in ob/ob mice.

Obesity is a highly prevalent condition associated with several diseases. Physical exercise has been considered as a non-pharmacological tool in the treatment of obesity. However, several aspects underlying exercise evaluation and prescription in obesity and associated pathologies are still under investigation. Although many research involving exercise have been performed in animal models, there is a lack of protocols for aerobic capacity assessment in obese animals, such as the ob/ob mice. This study aimed the following: (i) to verify the possibility of determining the lactate threshold (LT) on swimming exercise in ob/ob mice and in non-obese heterozygote mice (ob/OB), through visual inspection (vLT) and polynomial adjustment (pLT); and (ii) to verify if the LT determined through these protocols corresponds to the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS). Eight ob/ob and ten ob/OB mice performed an incremental exercise test to determine vLT and pLT as well as constant-load exercise bouts to determine MLSS. There were no within-group differences between vLT, pLT and MLSS [ob/ob: ~5.3% body weight (BW); ob/OB: ~3·6%BW] with a high agreement among protocols. In conclusion, the identification of the LT and MLSS intensities was possible for both groups. These data suggest that the proposed protocols may be used in new research on the effects of different exercise intensities on some aspects of obesity.

Aquatic macrophyte diversity of the Pantanal wetland and upper basin.

This is a short review of the state of the art concerning diversity of aquatic macrophytes and the main aquatic vegetation types in the Brazilian Pantanal wetland and upper watershed. There are ca. 280 species of aquatic macrophytes on the Pantanal floodplain, with scarce endemism. On the upper watershed, Cerrado wetlands (veredas) and limestone springs have a distinct flora from the Pantanal, with twice the species richness. As a representative case of aquatic habitats influenced by river flood, some primary data are presented for the Pantanal Matogrossense National Park and associated Acurizal Preserve, analysing the floristic similarity among aquatic vegetation types. We comment on problems of conservation and observe that Panicum elephantipes Nees is one of the few natives to compete with the invasive Urochloa arrecta (Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz) Morrone & Zuloaga.