ABSTRACT
Gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) is an aggressive disease characterized by a high frequency of metastasis and poor overall survival rates. GEC presents HER2 overexpression in 5 to 25% of tumors eligible for HER2-targeted therapy. HER2 evaluation requires protein levels and copy number alteration analyses by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (FISH or SISH), respectively. These are semiquantitative methodologies that need an expert and well-trained pathologist. Therefore, the use of new surrogate methods for HER2 evaluation in cancer, such as gene expression analysis, might improve GEC HER2 classification. We evaluated HER2 positivity in GEC through conventional IHC and SISH analyses and investigated the potential application of HER2 mRNA expression by quantitative PCR to categorize GEC samples as HER2-positive or HER2-negative. Among 270 GEC samples, 10.9% were HER2-positive by IHC and SISH analyses. HER2 mRNA was overexpressed in HER2-positive GEC samples and presented high accuracy in distinguishing those tumors from HER2-negative GEC. Nevertheless, HER2 mRNA analysis was not capable of classifying HER2-equivocal GEC samples into HER2-positive or -negative according to SISH data. Quantitative PCR analysis showed HER2 overexpression in HER2-positive GEC samples. Nevertheless, HER2 mRNA analysis failed to classify HER2-equivocal GEC according to SISH data.
ABSTRACT
The dyslipidemia associated with excess weight is a riskprofile global call for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dyslipidemias and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in adolescents, considering sexual maturation. A cross-sectional study was carried outwith 432 adolescents from public schools, aged 10-19years. The correlations between the variables from the lipid profile and the Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference(WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), sexual maturation, familial history and maternal education were evaluated using Pearsons correlation coefficient. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was the most prevalent dyslipidemia (50.5%), regardless ofgender. There were significant correlations between triglycerides and BMI (r = 0.30, p<0.01), WC (r = 0.32, p <0.01) and WHtR (r = 0.33, p < 0.01). The linear model,which took into consideration sexual maturation, age and BMI, explain about 1 to 10.4% of the lipid profile variation. The low HDL-c was the most prevalent dyslipidemia in all adolescents and hypertriglyceridemia was most prevalent in overweight adolescents. Associations between dyslipidemias and anthropometric indicators (BMI andRCA) detected in this study can generate the hypothesis of the risk factors for CVD in adolescents (AU)
La dislipidemia asociada con el exceso de peso es un perfil de riesgo de alcance mundial para la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la asociación entre la dislipemia y otros factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) en los adolescentes en edad púber. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 432 adolescentes de escuelas públicas, con edades entre 10-19 años. Estudiando las correlaciones entre las variables del perfil lipídico y el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la circunferencia de cintura (CC), la cintura/altura (RCA) y la maduración sexual. Los antecedentes familiares y la educación de la madre se evaluaron mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. La dislipidemia com bajos niveles de HDL-C fue más frecuente (50,5%), independientemente del género. Se observaron correlaciones significativas entre los triglicéridos y el IMC (r = 0,30, p < 0,01), CC (r = 0,32, p < 0,01) y RCA (r = 0,33, p < 0, 01). El modelo lineal, teniendo en cuenta la maduración sexual, la edad, y el IMC, explicó entre el 1 y el 10,4% de la variación del perfil lipídico. Los bajos niveles de HDL-C fueron la dislipidemia más frecuente en todos los adolescentes y la hipertrigliceridemia en adolescentes con sobrepeso. Las asociaciones entre las dislipidemias y los indicadores antropométricos (índice de masa corporal y RCA) detectado en este estudio, pueden generar hipótesis acerca de los factores de riesgo de ECV en los adolescentes (AU)
