ABSTRACT
The natural wild rhizosphere strain P. fluorescens 2137 was marked with the beta-glucuronidase gene gusA. The introduction of this gene influenced the viability of the wild strain, as well as its certain physiological parameters, such as cultural characteristics, biochemical properties, and antagonistic activity against the phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. graminearum, and Verticillum nigrescens. The gusA-marked derivative strains that deviate the least from the wild strain in biological properties can be used to monitor populations of P. fluorescens 2137 cells in the plant rhizosphere.
Subject(s)
Glucuronidase/physiology , Pseudomonas fluorescens/physiology , Antibiosis , Culture Media , Fungi/immunology , Glucuronidase/genetics , Plants/microbiology , Pseudomonas fluorescens/enzymology , Pseudomonas fluorescens/genetics , Soil Microbiology , Transformation, BacterialABSTRACT
The paper presents the microbiological and molecular genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) isolated from multiple lesion foci in 26 patients with multiorgan and generalized tuberculosis. Cultures of MBT of the family Beijing were isolated from the pathological specimens taken from 17 (65.4%) patients; those with individual genotypes were in 9 (34.6%) patients. The study indicated that cultured MBT from different types of pathological material from 25 of the 26 patients had identical spoligotypes irrespective of their clinical diagnosis. At the same time minor profile IS6110 changes might occur in the Mycobacteria of a patient during persistence. It may be concluded that multiple foci of tuberculous affliction in the patients are of unique origin and have the mechanism of development, associated with endogenous reactivation of infection.
Subject(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis/microbiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bacteriological Techniques , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Spondylitis/microbiology , Sputum/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Spinal/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Urogenital/microbiology , Urine/microbiologyABSTRACT
Spoligotyping was used for genotyping of 238 M. tuberculosis cultures isolated from 302 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis living in the north-west of Russia, including those in Saint Petersburg, in 1998-2001, and the M. tuberculosis strains H37Rv, M. bovis, and M. bovic BCG and M. tuberculosis in the specimens painted for microscopy. The quality of spoligotyping was high and similar to that when DNA from the cultured mycobacteria and slide scrapes. The findings were compared with the data available in the International database. There was heterogenicity in the microbial population: the clinical strains showed 58 (RO-R57) types of profiles, of them 56% were revealed in single cases. The spoligotype RO(1; S1) was found in 153 (51%) patients. This spoligotype is predominant in the world and characteristic of polyresistant high-transmissive strains of the genetic family Beijing. The spoligotypes R24 (251), R14 (252), and R8 (253) first described by the authors are now encountered only in Russia. To extend the Russian database that contains M. tuberculosis spologotyping profiles from different regions will promote the improvement of an epidemiological surveillance system and tuberculosis control programmes not only within administrative territorial entities, but also within the whole country.
Subject(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiology , Catchment Area, Health , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Genotype , Humans , Nucleic Acid Hybridization , Phenotype , Russia/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/geneticsABSTRACT
The RFLP-IS6110 assay was used to genotype 67 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from different specimens (including intraoperative ones) of 24 patients operated on for chronic progressive pulmonary tuberculosis who lived in north-western Russia. More than half (53%) of 17 types of RFLP profiles of isolates are identical and typical of M. tuberculosis of the Beijing family. Comparing the results of isolate genotyping with clinical, microbiological, and pathomorphological findings allows cases of endogenous reactivation to be differentiated from exogenous (nosocomial, in particular) reinfection in recurrence. Beijing genotype strains are shown to cause more severe unarrested course of drug-resistant fibrocavernous tuberculosis. At the same time such strains are more frequently detected in relatively young persons with a shorter duration of the disease, which reflects current clonal Beijing genotype dissemination that present a severe epidemiological hazard.
