On the determinants of anti-COVID restriction and anti-vaccine movements: the case of IoApro in Italy.

Following restrictions to control the spread of COVID-19, and subsequent vaccination campaigns, sentiments against such policies were quick to arise. While individual-level determinants that led to such attitudes have drawn much attention, there are also reasons to believe that the macro context in which these movements arose may contribute to their evolution. In this study, exploiting data on business activities which supported a major Italian anti-restriction and anti-vaccine movement, IoApro, using quantitative analysis that employs both a fractional response probit and logit model and a beta regression model, we investigate the relationship between socio-economic characteristics, institutional quality, and the flourishing of this movement. Our results suggest a U-shaped relationship between income and the proliferation of the movement, meaning that support for these movements increases the greater the degree of economic decline. Our results further indicate that the share of the population between 40 and 60 years old is positively related to support for such movements, as is institutional corruption.

Patient satisfaction and quality of hospital care.

The analysis summarises the experience of a sample of patient at the University Polyclinic in Messina (Italy) and provides a detailed assessment of the satisfaction of patients experiencing healthcare at different Departments. Information collected through a specific survey allowed to build a dataset with more than 350 observations. Regressors were carefully selected and compared through a radar chart. The estimation of a logistic model was then carried out. The results outlined the relevant factors for patient satisfaction: they depend both on the ambulatory where the care is provided and the judgement about quality of care. Other crucial factors in determining a higher satisfaction were the availability of parking lots, the cleaning of structures and the judgment on physicians, the latter endorsing the probability of being highly satisfied when expectations on physicians' competences and professionalism are confirmed. The "Contact details", i.e., the indications of the people to contact in case of need, strengthen the overall patients' positive experience. The study enriches the existing literature on patient satisfaction and is aimed at rethinking the organization of the health assistance offered at University Polyclinics, outlining the aspects to improve, with the objective to guarantee the highest patient satisfaction.