Pt-S Bond-Enabled Temperature-Dependent Phosphorescence in S-Heteroaryl Tetradentate Pt(S

This study presents the rare examples of S-heteroaryl tetradentate Pt(S^C^N^O) luminescent complexes (PtSZ and PtSZtBu) containing a Pt-S bond. The presence of the Pt-S bond allows the novel Pt(S^C^N^O) complexes to exhibit temperature-dependent phosphorescent emission behavior. The PtSZtBu exhibits dual-emission phenomena and biexponential transient decay spectra above 250 K, indicating the presence of two minimal excited states in the potential energy surface (PES) of the T1 state. Through complementary experimental and computational studies, we have identified changes in orbital composition between Pt(dxy)-S(px) and Pt(dyz)-S(pz) in excited states with increasing temperature. This results in two energy minima, enabling the excited states to decay selectively and radiatively at different temperatures. Consequently, this leads to remarkable steady-state and transient emission spectra changes. Our work not only provides valuable insights for the development of novel Pt-S bond-based tetradentate Pt(II) complexes but also enhances our understanding of the distinctive properties governed by the Pt-S bond.

Identification and validation of a five-gene prognostic signature based on bioinformatics analyses in breast cancer.

Background: This study aimed to identify prognostic signatures to predict the prognosis of breast cancer (BRCA) patients based on a series of comprehensive analyses of gene expression data. Methods: The RNA-sequencing expression data and corresponding BRCA patient clinical data were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Firstly, the differently expressed genes (DEGs) related to prognosis between tumor tissues and normal tissues were ascertained by performing R package "limma". Secondly, the DEGs were used to construct a polygenic risk scoring model by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression (Lasso-cox) analysis method. Thirdly, survival analysis was performed to investigate the risk score values in the TCGA cohort. And the enrichment analysis, immune cell infiltration levels analysis, and protein-protein internet (PPI) analysis were performed. Simultaneously, the GEO cohort was used to validate the model. Lastly, we constructed a nomogram to explore the influence of polygenic risk score and other clinical factors on the survival probability of patients with BRCA. Results: A total of 1000 DEGs including 396 upregulated genes and 604 downregulated genes were identified from the TCGA-BRCA dataset. We obtained 5 prognosis-related genes, as the key biomarkers by Lasso-cox analysis (FBXL19, HAGHL, PHKG2, PKMYT1, and TXNDC17), all of which were significantly upregulated in breast tumors. The prognostic prediction of the 5 genes model was great in training and validation cohorts. Moreover, the high-risk group had a poorer prognosis. The Cox regression analysis showed that the comprehensive risk score for 5 genes was an independent prognosis factor. Conclusion: The 5 genes risk model constructed in this study had an independent predictive ability to distinguish patients with a high risk of death from those with a low-risk score, and it can be used as a practical and reliable prognostic tool for BRCA.

Large-Scale Chromosomal Changes Lead to Genome-Level Expression Alterations, Environmental Adaptation, and Speciation in the Gayal (Bos frontalis).

Determining the functional consequences of karyotypic changes is invariably challenging because evolution tends to obscure many of its own footprints, such as accumulated mutations, recombination events, and demographic perturbations. Here, we describe the assembly of a chromosome-level reference genome of the gayal (Bos frontalis) thereby revealing the structure, at base-pair-level resolution, of a telo/acrocentric-to-telo/acrocentric Robertsonian translocation (2;28) (T/A-to-T/A rob[2;28]). The absence of any reduction in the recombination rate or genetic introgression within the fusion region of gayal served to challenge the long-standing view of a role for fusion-induced meiotic dysfunction in speciation. The disproportionate increase noted in the distant interactions across pro-chr2 and pro-chr28, and the change in open-chromatin accessibility following rob(2;28), may, however, have led to the various gene expression irregularities observed in the gayal. Indeed, we found that many muscle-related genes, located synthetically on pro-chr2 and pro-chr28, exhibited significant changes in expression. This, combined with genome-scale structural variants and expression alterations in genes involved in myofibril composition, may have driven the rapid sarcomere adaptation of gayal to its rugged mountain habitat. Our findings not only suggest that large-scale chromosomal changes can lead to alterations in genome-level expression, thereby promoting both adaptation and speciation, but also illuminate novel avenues for studying the relationship between karyotype evolution and speciation.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Indoor Low Concentration Gaseous Formaldehyde by Asymmetric Silveriodate Composited with 2D or 3D Bismuth Oxybromide.

Formaldehyde is one of the most hazardous and typical indoor VOCs air pollutants. Asymmetric AgIO3 was respectively composited with 3D hierarchically structured BiOBr and 2D BiOBr nanosheets to photodegrade gas-phase formaldehyde. Ag/AgIO3 /BiOBr(CMC) demonstrated better photocatalytic performance than Ag/AgIO3 /BiOBr owning to the role of biomass solvent sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in increasing the specific surface area, reducing the band gap and changing the dominant facets. Moreover, Ag nanoparticles coming from the reduction in AgIO3 were confirmed by XRD, SEM and XPS. The surface plasma resonance effect of Ag NPs improved the efficiency of the light quantum. Besides, different exposed facets of {010} in BiOBr(CMC) and {001} in BiOBr resulted in distinct oxygen vacancy structures. O 2 2 - could be generated via a two-electron transfer pathway on the {010} dominant facets surface in AABR-CMC, leading to the change in photolysis pathway and facilitating more · OH produced by AABR-CMC. Compared with pure AgIO3 and BiOBr or BiOBr(CMC), the photocatalytic efficiency of the composites was improved significantly. Optimal photodegradation efficiency for HCHO was achieved for AABR-75 and AABR-CMC50.

The RIT2 and STX1B polymorphisms are associated with Parkinson's disease.

INTRODUCTION: GWAS meta-analysis identified RIT2 rs12456492 and STX1B rs4889603 as PD susceptible loci. While proteins encoded by the genes, in particular RIT2, may involve in PD pathogenesis, the association of these two variants with PD remains to be further clarified. METHODS: We enrolled a Chinese cohort comprising 537 PD patients and 517 controls, determined the genotypes of rs12456492 and rs4889603, and analyzed these variants in relation to PD. RESULTS: Both rs12456492 and rs4889603 were associated with PD susceptibility (P = 0.012 and 0.03, respectively). The G allele of rs12456492 and the A allele of rs4889603 served as risk alleles toward PD. Statistical differences in genotype distribution between the patients and controls were observed both in rs12456492 (marginal, P = 0.042 for GG vs. AG vs. AA) and in rs4889603 (P = 0.021 for AA + AG vs. GG) CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the RIT2 and STX1B polymorphisms are associated with PD etiology. The role of RIT2 in PD pathogenesis warrants further mechanistical investigation.