ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to find an accurate method for the detection of extracapsular extension (ECE) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A total of 102 patients with 109 PTC nodules were retrospectively enrolled. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics were evaluated. The diagnostic efficacy of quantitative CEUS and tumor size was analyzed. The qualitative CEUS features did not differ significantly between the ECE and non-ECE groups (P > 0.05). All of the quantitative CEUS parameters with the exception of peak intensity and tumor size were found to differ significantly between the ECE and non-ECE groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that time from peak to one half (TPH), tumor size and wash-in slope (WIS) were the significantly different parameters between the ECE and non-ECE groups (P = 0.000, P = 0.005 and P = 0.030, respectively).The sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of ECE were: TPH, 75.4% (43/57) and 78.9% (41/52), respectively; WIS, 87.7% (50/57) and 42.3% (22/52), respectively; and tumor size, 71.9% (41/57) and 65.4% (34/52), respectively. Quantitative CEUS analysis and tumor size are essential for the prediction of ECE in PTC; in particular TPH has good diagnostic value in detecting ECE. Our study provides important insights into the prediction of ECE in PTC.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media/chemistry , Image Enhancement/methods , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Gland/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography/methods , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Contrast Media/pharmacokinetics , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/metabolism , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology , Thyroid Gland/metabolism , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolism , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Tumor BurdenABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the history, clinical symptoms, imaging and histology of a rare distinct infantile hemangioma. METHODS: 12 patients (5 female, 7 male; aged 18 months - 26 years) diagnosed as non-involuting congenital hemangioma were retrospectively analyzed. The history, imaging, histologic examination and the treatment were collected. RESULTS: Most of the patients had only one lesion which was round or ovoid, flat or plaque-like. The average size was about 5 cm x 6 cm. The overlying skin was usually had coarse telangiectasia with central or peripheral pallor. The skin has a high skin temperature. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography angiography and digital subtraction angiography findings were similar to those of common infantile hemangioma. Histologic examination revealed lobular collections of small, thin-walled vessels with a large, often stellate, central vessel. "Hobnailed" endothelial cells lined along the intralobular vessels. Small arteries were observed "shunting" directly into lobular vessels or into abnormal extralobular veins. All lesions were easily excised without recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Non-involuting congenital hemangioma is a distinct infantile vascular tumor. It should be diagnose early and treated appropriately.
Subject(s)
Angiography/methods , Hemangioma/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Angiography, Digital Subtraction , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hemangioma/congenital , Hemangioma/therapy , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To report a retrospective series of 130 Chinese patients with penoscrotal extramammary Paget's diseases (EMPD), with a long-term follow-up, and thus improve the diagnosis and therapy of this disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The history, clinical presentation, pathology, treatment, and prognosis of 130 patients were analysed. All cases were confirmed by skin biopsy, and then the patients had local wide resection to remove the involved skin and subcutaneous tissue. The large defective wound was reconstructed using a split-thickness skin graft or local flap. RESULTS: Forty-five patients were evaluated by frozen-section biopsy of the margins during surgery, five of whom had positive margins and then had an extended resection immediately. Most of these patients had local skin or adjacent scrotal flaps to cover their skin defects. Of the 130 patients, 81 had a mean (range) follow-up of 3.2 (0.5-10) years after surgery. Five of nine patients with positive margins and three (4%) of 72 with negative margins had tumour recurrence. Five patients died from metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: Penoscrotal EMPD needs be differentiated from other chronic dermatitis. A 3 cm surgical margin should be sufficient and frozen-section pathological examinations are necessary for some complicated conditions. Skin grafts or local flaps are good for large skin defects.
