The metacognitive experience of time passing in Chinese college students: scale development, structure verification, and influencing factors.

The experience of time passing (ETP) is also the consciousness of the progress of life. ETP contributes to time regulation and life management, which basically conforms to the metacognitive theory. Also, the traditional Chinese cultural approach to time emphasizes ETP. It is an indispensable part of Chinese education and culture to strengthen one's appreciation of time by emphasizing the passage of time. In combination with the above two points, ETP equals metacognitive experience of time passing (METP) to a certain extent. However, we currently know little about the connotations of METP. To better understand traditional Chinese time culture, and referring to the concept of metacognition and model of time experience as proposed by Western scholars, the current study combined the results of open and semi-structured interviews, to explore the structure of METP in Chinese college students and developed a questionnaire with which to measure it. Using convenience sampling, 2,876 college students were recruited, the interview, and the reliability and validity tests were carried out. Five hundred and seventy-nine college students were tested a second time to investigate the correlation validity between METP and Ruminative Responses, time attitude, and meaning in life. The results led to the development of the METP Scale which contains 15 items and assesses two factors: ruminative and emotional experience of time passing. The two-factor model was well fitted, and invariable in measurements across gender, grade, and major. The internal consistency coefficients of the scale and its two factors ranged from 0.82 to 0.89, the half-point reliability between 0.76 and 0.88, and the retest reliability ranged from 0.77 to 0.78. METP Scale has good correlation validity, meanwhile, the results of regression analysis showed that symptom rumination, positive past, negative present, positive future, and searching for meaning in life significantly predict the intensity of METP.

Molecular probing of dissolved organic matter and its transformation in a woolen textile wastewater treatment station.

Woolen textile industry produces enormous wastewater (WTIW) with high pollution loads, and needs to be treated by wastewater treatment stations (WWTS) before centralized treatment. However, WTIW effluent still contains many biorefractory and toxic substances; thus, comprehensive understandings of dissolved organic matter (DOM) of WTIW and its transformation are essential. In this study, total quantity indices, size exclusion chromatography, spectral methods, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) were used for comprehensively characterizing DOM and its transformation during full-scale treatments, including influent, regulation pool (RP), flotation pool (FP), up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UA), anaerobic/oxic (AO) and effluent. DOM in influent featured a large molecular weight (5-17 kDa), toxicity (0.201 HgCl2 mg/L), and a protein content of 338 mg C/L. FP largely removed 5-17 kDa DOM with the formation of 0.45-5 kDa DOM. UA and AO removed 698 and 2042 chemicals, respectively, which were primarily saturated components (H/C > 1.5); however, both UA and AO contributed to the formation of 741 and 1378 stable chemicals, respectively. Good correlations were found among water quality indices and spectral/molecular indices. Our study reveals the molecular composition and transformation of WTIW DOM during treatments and encourages the optimization of the employed processes in WWTS.

Machine learning-assisted data filtering and QSAR models for prediction of chemical acute toxicity on rat and mouse.

Machine learning (ML) methods provide a new opportunity to build quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for predicting chemicals' toxicity based on large toxicity data sets, but they are limited in insufficient model robustness due to poor data set quality for chemicals with certain structures. To address this issue and improve model robustness, we built a large data set on rat oral acute toxicity for thousands of chemicals, then used ML to filter chemicals favorable for regression models (CFRM). In comparison to chemicals not favorable for regression models (CNRM), CFRM accounted for 67% of chemicals in the original data set, and had a higher structural similarity and a smaller toxicity distribution in 2-4 log10 (mg/kg). The performance of established regression models for CFRM was greatly improved, with root-mean-square deviations (RMSE) in the range of 0.45-0.48 log10 (mg/kg). Classification models were built for CNRM using all chemicals in the original data set, and the area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) reached 0.75-0.76. The proposed strategy was successfully applied to a mouse oral acute data set, yielding RMSE and AUROC in the range of 0.36-0.38 log10 (mg/kg) and 0.79, respectively.

Molecular insights into the dissolved organic matter of leather wastewater in leather industrial park wastewater treatment plant.

Leather wastewater (LW) effluent is characterized by complex organic matter, high salinity, and poor biodegradability. To meet the discharge standards, LW effluent is often mixed with municipal wastewater (MW) before being treated at a leather industrial park wastewater treatment plant (LIPWWTP). However, whether this method efficiently removes the dissolved organic matter (DOM) from LW effluent (LWDOM) remains debatable. In this study, the transformation of DOM during full-scale treatment was revealed using spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. LWDOM exhibited higher aromaticity and lower molecular weight than DOM in MW (MWDOM). The DOM properties in mixed wastewater (MixW) were similar to those in LWDOM and MWDOM. The MixW was treated using a flocculation/primary sedimentation tank (FL1/PST), anoxic/oxic (A/O) process, secondary sedimentation tank (SST), flocculation/sedimentation tank, denitrification filter (FL2/ST-DNF), and an ozonation contact reactor (O3). The FL1/PST unit preferentially removed the peptide-like compounds. The A/O-SST units had the highest removal efficiencies for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (61.34 %) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) (52.2 %). The FL2/ST-DNF treatment removed the lignin-like compounds. The final treatment showed poor DOM mineralization efficiency. The correlation between water quality indices, spectral indices, and molecular-level parameters indicated that lignin-like compounds were strongly correlated with spectral indices and CHOS compounds considerably contributed to the SCOD and DOC. Although the effluent SCOD met the discharge standard, some refractory DOM from LW remained in the effluent. This study illustrates the composition and transformation of DOM and provides theoretical guidance for improving the current treatment processes.

Soluble arsenic species in total suspended particles and their health risk and origin implication: A case study in Taiyuan, China.

The inhalation is one of important exposure ways to arsenic. Traditionally, the health risk of arsenic exposure from particulate matter (PM) was assessed by using total arsenic, which may erroneously estimate the health risk of arsenic since the toxicity of arsenic depends on its chemical species and not all arsenic in PM is bio-accessible. Herein, total suspended particles (TSP) were collected from Taiyuan in China during whole year of 2018, and the species and concentrations of arsenic in TSP were investigated in order to more accurately assess the health risk of arsenic exposure from TSP and evaluate the possible sources of arsenic in TSP. Total arsenic varied within 1.16-28.4 ng/m3 with a mean value of 7.40 ng/m3, which exceeded the standard limit of China (6 ng/m3). Two arsenic species, As5+ and As3+, were detected out in soluble fractions of TSP, with As5+ as dominant species. Total arsenic, soluble arsenic and soluble As5+ in TSP revealed closed correlation each other, indicating that they may originate from similar anthropogenic and crust sources. Soluble As3+ showed no obvious correlations with total arsenic, implying that soluble As3+ has different dominant sources. The ratio of As5+/As3+ significantly varied within 1.08-32.5 and the percentages of soluble arsenic in total arsenic varied within 50%-93%, implying that arsenic in TSP of Taiyuan has multiple sources and none of them stably dominated during 2018. Non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk indicators calculated with soluble arsenic species showed significant difference to that calculated with total arsenic or soluble arsenic when TSP contained equivalent As5+ and As3+, verifying that it is necessary and more accurate to assess the health risk of arsenic exposure from TSP by using soluble arsenic species, rather than total arsenic or soluble arsenic.

Inheritance pattern recognition method of national traditional sports culture in e-commerce platform / Método de reconocimiento de patrones de herencia de la cultura deportiva tradicional nacional en la plataforma de comercio electrónico

An E-commerce platform is a new network platform in which information push can improve the speed of information analysis. The traditional pattern recognition ability of cultural heritage recognition is poor, and the amount of recognition data is too small. To solve this problem, the e-commerce platform is used to realize the feature recognition of national traditional sports culture. Through the analysis of national culture data, online information feature extraction is completed to identify the lifestyle, religious belief, ethics and festival customs of national traditional sports culture, and determine the inheritance mode of National Traditional Sports culture in the e-commerce platform. The experimental results show that the recognition method of e-commerce platform has strong recognition ability, and can better identify the inheritance pattern.(AU)

Using Sports Participation as a Lifeline to Promote Psychological Wellbeing and Happiness among Older Individuals in China: Mediating Role of Social Capital Dimensions / Usar la participación deportiva como salvavidas para promover el bienestar psicológico y la felicidad entre las personas mayores en China: papel mediador de las dimensiones del capital social

There is substantial evidence linked with the positive outcomes of sports-based activities on the health and well-being of individual which natural tends to deteriorate once they reach a certain age. From a positive aging view, the promotion of sports participation for improving the health, physical and mental, and wellbeing outcomes have been used as a key strategy. The present study considers this strategy and formulates a framework to evaluate the impacts imposed by sports participation on the general happiness and wellbeing of the older population. To better understand the role of sports participation among older adults, the role of social capital on the relationship between sport participation and happiness among the older population and the relationship between sport participation and well-being has also been considered. For this purpose, a convenience-based sample of 310 sports-participating older population is studied in China. The results show that sports participation predicts both well-being and general happiness in older individuals. Moreover, two of the sub-dimensions of the social capital, neighborhood connections, and feelings of trust and safety, are found to significantly mediate the associations. The study is novel from the standpoint that the context of the study is set in China and it produces new empirical findings as well. The main limitation of the study is that a convenience sample has been used and the scope is restricted to China. The study lends a number of important contributions to sports psychology and epidemiological perspectives.(AU)

Tracking the dissolution behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles in skimmed milk powder solutions.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are recently recommended as food additives owing to their outstanding nutritive function. Therefore, understanding their comprehensive information and stability in food samples is highly necessitated. However, the characterization of ZnO NPs in the complex food matrices remains a great challenge, limiting an in-depth understanding of their transformation during food storage. In this study, the hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation was combined with UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy to assess the dissolution behaviors of ZnO NPs in skimmed milk powder solutions by monitoring the changes in the residual ZnO NPs and the amount of dissolved Zn(II) ions. The simultaneous characterization of these two Zn species in skimmed milk powder solutions was achieved without the need for tedious sample pretreatments, and the dissolution of ZnO NPs in skimmed milk powder solutions had time- and temperature-dependent behaviors.

Exonuclease-assisted multicolor aptasensor for visual detection of ochratoxin A based on G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme-mediated etching of gold nanorod.

An exonuclease-assisted multicolor aptasensor was developed for the visual detection of ochratoxin A (OTA). It is based on the etching of gold nanorods (AuNRs) mediated by a G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme. A DNA sequence (AG4-OTA) was designed that comprises a hemin aptamer and an OTA aptamer. OTA binds to AG4-OTA to form an antiparallel G-quadruplex, which halts its digestion by exonuclease I (Exo I) from the 3'-end of AG4-OTA. Thus, the retained hemin aptamer can bind to hemin to form a G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme. This DNAzyme has peroxidase-like activity that catalyzes the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by H2O2 to produce its diimine derivative (TMB2+) in acidic solution. TMB2+ can etch the AuNRs by oxidizing Au(0) into Au(I). This results in the generation of rainbow-like colors and provides a multicolor platform for the visual detection of OTA. The assay is based on the use of a single isolated aptamer and possesses obvious advantages such as multi-color visual inspection, relatively high sensitivity and accuracy. It can be used to detect as little as 30 nM concentrations of OTA by visual observation and even 10 nM concentrations by spectrophotometry. The method was successfully applied to the determination of OTA in spiked beer where it gave recoveries of 101-108%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 5) of <5%. Graphical abstract Schematic of an exonuclease-assisted multicolor bioassay based on the G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme-mediated etching of gold nanorods (AuNRs). It enables visual detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) with a detection limit of 30 nM.

Tumor targeting dual stimuli responsive controllable release nanoplatform based on DNA-conjugated reduced graphene oxide for chemo-photothermal synergetic cancer therapy.

In this research, a novel tumor targeting dual stimuli responsive nanoplatform was fabricated for the controllable delivery and release of a drug to realize chemo-photothermal synergetic cancer therapy by integrating a DNA aptamer with polydopamine reduced graphene oxide (rGO-PDA) nanosheets. The rGO-PDA nanosheets simultaneously acted as a near-infrared radiation (NIR) photothermal agent to generate hyperthermia for photothermal therapy and a nano-carrier for loading doxorubicin (DOX), and the specially designed DNA aptamer served as a supplementary carrier for DOX loading as well as targeting moiety/gatekeeper for specific cellular recognition and controllable release of DOX. The proposed nanoplatform possessed a good targeting ability, remarkable photothermal conversion ability and intelligent drug release with both pH and photothermal heating dual stimuli response. The nanoplatform was successfully used to selectively deliver DOX to protein tyrosine kinase 7 over-expressing cancer cells with a loading capacity of 1.56 mg mg-1 and controllable drug release, which responded to both acidic intracellular environments and NIR irradiation. The combination of the dual stimuli responsive controllable release and the dual nanocarrier for drug loading results in efficient chemo-photothermal synergetic therapy and holds great potential for multimodal cancer therapy.