Porous titanium oxynitride sheets as electrochemical electrodes for energy storage.

A flexible, porous TiOxNy sheet consisting of numerous conductive fibers was synthesized by nitridation of titanate and further used as an electrochemical electrode. The high surface area and mixed-oxidation state of titanium make TiOxNy sheets to be promising candidates for a good supercapacitor.

Dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy of the GeCl2 A-X transition.

The laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectrum of the GeCl(2) A-X transition at ultraviolet wavelengths (300-320 nm) was recorded in a direct current discharge supersonic free jet expansion. The excitation spectrum contains several sharp peaks and a congested diffuse structure. Dispersed fluorescence spectra following the excitation of these GeCl(2) ultraviolet bands were successfully acquired for the first time. The analysis of the dispersed fluorescence spectra reveals the detailed vibrational structure of the X (1)A(1) state. We have assigned the vibrational structures corresponding to different isotopomers (Ge(35)Cl(2), Ge(35)Cl(37)Cl, and Ge(37)Cl(2)). The vibrational fundamental frequencies were determined: 409 cm(-1) (symmetric stretch), 159 cm(-1) (bend), and 352 cm(-1) (antisymmetric stretch) for the X (1)A(1) state of GeCl(2). Vibrational parameters of the ground electronic state including vibrational frequencies, anharmonicity, and bend-stretch coupling constant were determined. Our dispersed fluorescence spectra also clarify the vibrational assignments of the hot bands and provide more experimental data for unraveling the nature of the congested diffuse structure at shorter wavelengths in the excitation spectrum.