The Role of Attentional Bias Toward Negative Emotional Information and Social Anxiety in Problematic Social Media Use.

The current study aimed to analyze whether individuals with problematic social media use (PSMU) demonstrate attentional bias (AB) toward negative emotional information and determine the relationships among the severity of PSMU, social anxiety, and negative AB. Sixty participants were divided into problematic and normal use groups according to their scores on the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). The BSMAS and Interaction Anxiety Scale were adopted to measure the severity of PSMU and social anxiety, respectively. An emotional Stroop task and a visual dot-probe task (DPT) were used to assess AB toward negative emotional expressions. Relationships among the severity of PSMU, social anxiety, and negative AB were investigated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results showed that individuals with PSMU demonstrated AB toward negative emotional information in the emotional DPT but not in the emotional Stroop task. AB toward negative emotional information was positively correlated with the severity of PSMU and social anxiety in the emotional DPT. Findings support the key role of negative AB and social anxiety in individuals with PSMU, suggesting that more attention be paid to negative AB and social anxiety for the prevention and treatment of PSMU. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(6), 33-42.].

Multimodal bioimaging using nanodiamond and gold hybrid nanoparticles.

Hybrid core-shell nanodiamond-gold nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized as a novel multifunctional material with tunable and tailored properties for multifunctional biomedical applications. The combination of nanostructured gold and nanodiamond properties afford new options for optical labeling, imaging, sensing, and drug delivery, as well as targeted treatment. ND@Au core-shell nanoparticles composed of nanodiamond (ND) core doped with Si vacancies (SiV) and Au shell were synthesized and characterized in terms of their biomedical applications. Several bioimaging modalities based on the combination of optical and spectroscopic properties of the hybrid nano-systems are demonstrated in cellular and developing zebrafish larvae models. The ND@Au nanoparticles exhibit isolated ND's Raman signal of sp3 bonded carbon, one-photon fluorescence of SiV with strong zero-phonon line at 740 nm, two-photon excited fluorescence of nanogold with short fluorescence lifetime and strong absorption of X-ray irradiation render them possible imaging agent for Raman mapping, Fluorescence imaging, two-photon Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (TP-FLIM) and high-resolution hard-X-ray microscopy in biosystems. Potential combination of the imaging facilities with other theranostic functionalities is discussed.