Subject(s)
Health Services Needs and Demand , Homeless Youth , Sex Work , Adolescent , Adolescent Health Services , Community Health Services , Female , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Mental Disorders/psychology , Newspapers as Topic , Social Perception , Humans , United Kingdom , ViolenceSubject(s)
Crime , Deinstitutionalization , Prisoners , Violence , Humans , Male , Psychiatric Nursing , United KingdomSubject(s)
Adenosine Deaminase/deficiency , Candidiasis, Oral/complications , Cough/complications , Diarrhea/complications , Failure to Thrive/complications , Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/diagnosis , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis , Adenosine Deaminase/therapeutic use , Animals , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Male , Rabbits , Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/complications , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome/diagnosisSubject(s)
Environmental Health , Environmental Pollution , Soil Pollutants , Humans , Industrial Waste , Refuse Disposal , United KingdomABSTRACT
PIP: In many respects, the AIDS campaign in the UK has been remarkably successful despite the difficulty of deciding how to handle the issue and the decision of successive governments to stress personal responsibility in the face of a global epidemic. However, 6.4% of men recently surveyed reported using prostitutes, and men and women can expect to have about 8 sex partners during the course of their lives. Heterosexual transmission rates have dropped, however, perhaps because the government no longer targets homosexual men. However, this means that as young homosexual men reach sexual maturity, educational resources are scant. Despite the government's helpful willingness to fund locally-based projects, young men aged 16-21 are not permitted by law to engage in homosexual activity, so they are often reluctant to seek help. In addition, male prostitutes and men working in escort agencies have been difficult to poll. The government has failed most abjectly, however, in special hospitals and prisons where there is a great deal of homosexual activity in a totally secure environment. Residents of special hospitals have a right to protection against sexual assault by other residents and to information on safer sex. In prisons, since buggery and public acts of homosexuality are illegal, the Home Office has not been able to face the fact that the men need condoms. Providing condoms might be construed as encouraging illegal behavior. Likewise, although it is acknowledged that IV drug abuse occurs in prisons, officials have been reluctant to take steps to stop the spread of HIV infections through the use of shared needles. One approach to that problem may be to issue bleach to the prisoners so that they can sterilize their equipment. The government public information campaign has become more up-beat in recent years. Although most young people aged 16-24 years old (the most sexually active group) claim not to be concerned about AIDS, they are also the group most likely to use condoms. The AIDS prevention messages may only be reaching those most equipped to hear them, however. One of the best predictors of safer sex is how happy a person is with his or her identity. Thus, those who exist in marginalized groups are at greatest risk, and these groups are the least likely to be monitored.^ieng
