Subject(s)
Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bone Diseases/drug therapy , Bone Diseases/epidemiology , Edema/drug therapy , Edema/epidemiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/complications , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/microbiology , Intervertebral Disc/microbiology , Low Back Pain/drug therapy , Lumbar Vertebrae , Propionibacterium acnes/isolation & purification , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between self-reported physical workload and neck trouble (NT) in twins. Additionally, to explore whether the relationship between physical workload and NT is influenced by genetic factors. METHODS: A twin control study was performed within a population-based, cross-sectional questionnaire study using 3,208 monozygotic (MZ) and same-sexed dizygotic (DZ) twins aged 19-70. Twin pairs discordant for self-reported NT during the past year ("Any NT") were included. Self-reported physical workload in four categories was used as exposure ("sitting," "sitting and walking," "light physical," and "heavy physical" work). Paired analyses including conditional logistic regression were made for all participants and for each sex, and MZ and DZ pairs separately. RESULTS: No marked associations between physical workload and NT were seen. A moderate risk elevation in "heavy physical" work was seen in DZ men (odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence intervals 1.3-4.0), but not in MZ men or the MZ or DZ women. CONCLUSIONS: The findings in some degree supported that "heavy physical" work is a determinant of NT, perhaps only in men, but hardly of any greater importance. The different results between DZ and MZ men suggest that genetic factors influence the relationship between physical workload and NT.
Subject(s)
Neck Pain/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Twins, Dizygotic/genetics , Twins, Monozygotic/genetics , Workload , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Neck Pain/genetics , Occupational Diseases/genetics , Prevalence , Self Report , Sex Factors , Young AdultSubject(s)
Central Nervous System Stimulants/administration & dosage , Depression/drug therapy , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects , Chronic Disease , Euphoria , HumansABSTRACT
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has stated that exposure to "secondhand" or "environmental" tobacco smoke is carcinogenic to humans. The first Danish case of adenocarcinoma in the lungs recognized and compensated as an occupational disease in a never-smoking waitress is described.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/etiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Aged , Denmark , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/legislation & jurisprudence , Workers' Compensation/legislation & jurisprudenceABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The influence of medical conditions on the ability to drive safely is a matter of concern to both physicians and society. Obviously, the symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) are of relevance when driving a car. Nevertheless this problem has never before been subject to scientific investigations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 10-year historical cohort register study on 197 patients with MS and 545 controls individually matched for age, gender, place of residence, and period of exposure. Persons with other neurological diseases, diabetes, or abuse were excluded. The outcome measure was treatment at an emergency department after an accident as a car driver. RESULTS: Five patients and four controls had been treated. The rate per 1,000 person-years with exposure was 3.4 times higher (CI 0.73-17.15) in the patients than in the control cohort. The difference is significant in a one-sided test (p = 0.04). DISCUSSION: This study showed that drivers with MS were more often treated at a casualty department after having a road traffic accident than healthy controls. In view of the small numbers, the results should be interpreted cautiously, and no drastic measures should be taken regarding patients' driving until the results have been further substantiated.