ABSTRACT
This study aims to describe the clinical signs and ultrasonographic and necropsy findings of the first cases of proximal (Buffalo 1) and distal (Buffalo 2) vagal indigestion in two Bubalus bubalis in the Brazilian Amazon biome. The clinical histories of the buffaloes were characterized by progressive weight loss, recurrent tympany, abdominal distention (apple and pear shapes), anorexia, and scant feces. Buffalo 1 was submitted to orogastric intubation, and due to the recurrent tympany, an exploratory laparotomy. Buffalo 2 was submitted to ultrasound examination, and a segment of the pylorus was shown to be adhered to the eventration by ultrasonography. Both animals produced positive results for the atropine test. In the necropsy evaluation, Buffalo 1 was shown to have dilation of the esophagus, rumen, and reticulum; the ruminal contents of animal 1 were olive green and foamy with bubbles within the ingesta. On the other hand, Buffalo 2 was shown to have distention of the forestomach and abomasum; the complex rumen-reticulum and omasum contents were semi-liquid and had a yellowish color. In animal 2, in the eventration region, there was adherence to the pyloric region. The diagnosis of vagal indigestion was based on the history, clinical signs, and ultrasound and necropsy findings, in addition to the results of the atropine test.
ABSTRACT
An investigative and epidemiological study was carried out for equine herpesvirus type 1 (HVE-1) in 10 outbreaks of neurological disease from different farms in the state of Pará, Brazil. 25 horses were studied: six male and 19 females, aged between one and 13 years. A necropsy of six horses was performed, and the others recovered either with or without treatment (T1-vitamin B1 + dexamentasone; T2-vitamin B1 + flunixim meglumine). Animals that received treatment recovered after eight days. The main clinical signs observed were motor incoordination, progressive paresis, thoracic and/or pelvic limbs abducted after induction of clinical examination, knuckling of the hind fetlocks, sagging and swaying of the hindquarters while standing or walking and paresis. All animals were positive: 88% (22/25) in nested PCR and 72% (18/25) in serum neutralization (including three negatives in serology). Focal brownish areas compatible with hemorrhage were found in the white and gray matter of the spinal cord of two animals. On histological analysis, there were perivasculitis and neutrophilic vasculitis in the gray matter of the spinal cord and brain. Based on the evidence, this work proves the circulation of HVE-1 in the Amazon biome, mainly in the state of Pará, Brazil.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO: Introdução: O uso da cocaína é considerado um importante problema de saúde, sendo crescente o número de atendimentos nos serviços de emergência de pacientes que referem sintomas relacionados a alterações cardiovasculares após seu uso. Objetivo: Apresentar as repercussões cardiovasculares promovidas pela cocaína, associando o seu consumo a possíveis desfechos fatais, além de discutir as melhores maneiras de abordar o paciente na emergência. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados eletrônicas LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, SciELO, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de São Paulo, Coleciona SUS, disponíveis na BVS, bem como no PubMed. Resultados: Após análise criteriosa, 44 artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Foram estudos realizados na Europa (25%), Austrália (6,82%) e no continente americano (68,18%). Discussão: Abuso de cocaína é considerado um fator de risco isolado para doenças cardiovasculares, independente de outros. Por isso, pacientes jovens admitidos com dor torácica devem ser questionados sobre o consumo dessa droga. O tratamento do IAM associado ao uso de cocaína é semelhante ao realizado em paciente não usuário e, apesar da controvérsia existente sobre existir ou não contraindicação ao emprego de betabloqueador, diversos estudos indicam a utilização de drogas alfa e beta bloqueadores nesses pacientes. Conclusão: constatou-se que as principais repercussões cardiovasculares encontradas em pacientes usuários de cocaína que procuraram atendimento nas emergências hospitalares foram as emergências/urgências hipertensivas, taquicardia supraventricular, angina, infarto agudo do miocárdio, dissecção e aneurisma de aorta. (AU)
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The use of cocaine is considered an important health problem. An increasing number of patients in the emergency services report symptoms related to cardiovascular changes after its use. Objective: To present the cardiovascular repercussions promoted by cocaine, associating its consumption with possible fatal outcomes, besides discussing the best ways to approach the patient in the emergency. Method: Integrative literature review in the electronic databases LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, SciELO, Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department, State Health Secretariat of São Paulo, Coleciona UHS, available at the VHL, as well as PubMed. Results: After careful analysis, 44 articles met the inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted in Europe (25%), Australia (6.82%) and the American continent (68.18%). Discussion: Cocaine abuse is considered an isolated risk factor for cardiovascular disease, independent of others. Therefore, young patients admitted with chest pain should be asked about the use of this drug. The treatment of AMI associated with cocaine use is similar to that performed in a non-user patient. Despite the controversy over whether or not there is a contraindication to the use of beta-blockers; several studies indicate the use of alpha and beta-blocker drugs in these patients. Conclusion: it was found that the main cardiovascular repercussions found in cocaine users who sought care in hospital emergencies were hypertensive emergencies/urgencies, supraventricular tachycardia, angina, acute myocardial infarction, dissection, and aortic aneurysm (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases , Risk Factors , Cocaine/adverse effects , Cocaine-Related Disorders , Drug Users , Myocardial InfarctionABSTRACT
The Tropical Biominer Project is a recent initiative from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and the Oswaldo Cruz foundation, with the participation of the Biominas Foundation (Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil) and the start-up Homologix. The main objective of the project is to build a new resource for the chemogenomics research, on chemical compounds, with a strong emphasis on natural molecules. Adopted technologies include the search of information from structured, semi-structured, and non-structured documents (the last two from the web) and datamining tools in order to gather information from different sources. The database is the support for developing applications to find new potential treatments for parasitic infections by using virtual screening tools. We present here the midpoint of the project: the conception and implementation of the Tropical Biominer Database. This is a Federated Database designed to store data from different resources. Connected to the database, a web crawler is able to gather information from distinct, patented web sites and store them after automatic classification using datamining tools. Finally, we demonstrate the interest of the approach, by formulating new hypotheses on specific targets of a natural compound, violacein, using inferences from a Virtual Screening procedure.
