ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in rectal cancer tissues and the correlation of PD-L1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival of patients.Methods:The clinical data of 200 newly treated rectal cancer patients in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The expression of PD-L1 in rectal cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlations of PD-L1 expression with gender, age, tumor T stage, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation, histological type, tumor TNM stage, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and overall survival of patients were analyzed.Results:The positive expression rate of PD-L1 was 24% (48/200). The positive expression rate of PD-L1 was high in patients with lymph node metastasis and high NLR (≥ 3.5) (both P < 0.05). The 5-year overall survival rate in PD-L1-positive group was 42%, and the PD-L1-negative group was 59%, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis ( HR = 3.456, 95% CI 2.148-5.556, P < 0.01), NLR ≥ 3.5 ( HR = 1.871, 95% CI 1.169-2.996, P = 0.009), and PD-L1-positive expression ( HR = 2.187, 95% CI 1.373-3.484, P = 0.001) were independent adverse influencing factors for the overall survival of rectal cancer patients. Conclusion:PD-L1 is highly expressed in rectal cancer tissues, and the positive expression of PD-L1 is associated with poor overall survival of patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the influence of Jinshuibao tablet on immune function, therapeutic efficacy and safety in treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma patients treated by chemotherapy.Methods:The clinical data of 124 patients with stage Ⅳ lung squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, including 60 patients treated by Jinshuibao tablet combined with chemotherapy (the observation group) and 64 patients treated by chemotherapy alone (the control group). The changes of immune function, therapeutic effect, and side effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The percentage of CD4 + cells after treatment [(33.4±8.9)% vs. (45.5±11.8)%, t = 2.71, P < 0.05] and CD4 +/CD8 + (0.9±0.3 vs. 1.5±0.4, t = 3.31, P < 0.05) in the observation group was increased compared with that before treatment, CD8 + cells was decreased compared with that before treatment [(30.9±8.6)% vs. (21.1±8.1)%, t = 2.42, P < 0.05], interferon-γ (IFN-γ) [(7.7±2.8)% vs. (14.1±2.4)%, t = 2.74, P < 0.05] and interleukin-2 (IL-2) [(8.8±3.2)% vs. (12.7±1.6)%, t = 2.96, P < 0.05] was increased compared with that before treatment. The percentage of CD3 + cells [(57.9±8.2)% vs. (45.2±10.8)%, t = 2.70, P < 0.05], CD4 + cells [(32.9±9.0)% vs. (22.8±9.6)%, t = 3.19, P < 0.05], NK cells [(14.9±3.1)% vs. (9.3±1.4)%, t = 2.97, P < 0.05] in the control group was decreased compared with that before treatment. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) was decreased compared with that before treatment [(6.8±1.4)% vs. (4.3±0.5)%, t = 3.23, P < 0.05]. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of T-cell subsets of both groups after treatment (all P <0.05); and the level of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 +, NK cells in the observation group was higher than that in the control group; CD8 + cell in the observation group was lower than that in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the level of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α of both groups before treatment (all P > 0.05); the level of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α in the observation group was higher than that in the control group after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant of both groups (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [31.3% (20/64) vs. 48.3% (29/60), χ 2 = 4.538, P = 0.033]; and the disease control rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control [56.3% (36/64) vs. 71.7% (43/60), χ 2 = 5.276, P = 0.022]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in adverse reactions of chemotherapy (all P > 0.05). Conclusion:Jinshuibao tablet combined with chemotherapy can improve the immune function and the efficacy of chemotherapy for patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma.
