An automatic detection method of cerebral aneurysms in time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography images based on attention 3D U-Net.

BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured cerebral aneurysm often leads to fatal consequences. However, if the aneurysm can be found and treated during asymptomatic periods, the probability of rupture can be greatly reduced. At present, time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography is one of the most commonly used non-invasive screening techniques for cerebral aneurysm, and the application of deep learning technology in aneurysm detection can effectively improve the screening effect of aneurysm. Existing studies have found that three-dimensional features play an important role in aneurysm detection, but they require a large amount of training data and have problems such as a high number of FPs per case. METHODS: This paper proposed a novel method for aneurysm detection. First, a fully automatic cerebral artery segmentation algorithm without training data was used to extract the volume of interest, and then the 3D U-Net was improved by the 3D SENet module to establish an aneurysm detection model. Eventually a set of fully automated, end-to-end aneurysm detection methods have been formed. RESULTS: A total of 231 magnetic resonance angiography image data were used in this study, among which 132 were training sets, 34 were internal test sets and 65 were external test sets. The presented method obtained 97.89±0.88% sensitivity in the five-fold cross-validation and obtained 90.8% sensitivity with 2.47 FPs/case in the detection of the external test sets. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the results of our previous studies and other studies, the method in this paper achieves the best sensitivity while maintaining low number of FPs per case. This result proves the feasibility, superiority, and further improvement potential of the improved method combining 3D U-Net and channel attention in the task of aneurysm detection.

Effects of rapamycin intervention during pregnancy on cognitive function of autism model in rat offspring / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To observe the effects of rapamycin pregnancy intervention on cognitive function of autism model in rat offspring. METHODS: Fourteen pregnant rats were randomly divided into normal group (n = 3), model group (n = 4), rapamycin (RAPA) control group (n =3) and intervention group (n = 4). The model group and intervention group were i.p. injected with sodium valproate 600 mg/kg at embryonic day (E) 12.5 to establish autism model in rat offspring. RAPA control group and intervention group were i.g. given RAPA 4 mg/kg every day from the 13th day of gestation until the offspring rats were weaned at 23 days. After the birth of the above four groups of pregnant rats, 15, 27, 21 and 26 offspring male rats were selected to conduct behavioral tests to identify the model. Then, paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT), tail flick latency (TFL) evoked under different light intensity and learning and memory function of offspring rats were further detected. RESULTS: Rat offspring in the model group had lower growth and development indexes and exploratory behavior ability, but stronger repetitive stereotyped behavior compared with the normal group (P < 0.05), while the indexes between the intervention group and model group were reversed (P < 0.05). The model group had higher PWMT than normal group (P < 0.01) and the PWMT of intervention group was lower than that of model group (P < 0.01). The TFLs of rats in 4 groups showed a timed dose-response relationship (TDRR, P < 0.01), that is, TFLs were shortened with the increase of light intensity. The TDRR curve of model group shifted to right compared with normal group (P < 0.01) and intervention group shifted to left compared with model group (P < 0.01). At the light intensity of Focus 34, 51 and 76, the TFLs of model group were longer than those of normal group (P < 0.01) and intervention group had shorter TFLs compared with model group (P<0.01). In spatial probing trial of Morris water maze test, the platform crossover number in model group was less than that in normal group (P<0.01) and that in intervention group was more than model group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: RAPA intervention during pregnancy may alleviate behavior disorder, pain tolerance and memory function of autism model in rat offspring to some extent.

Automated computer-assisted detection system for cerebral aneurysms in time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography using fully convolutional network.

BACKGROUND: As the rupture of cerebral aneurysm may lead to fatal results, early detection of unruptured aneurysms may save lives. At present, the contrast-unenhanced time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography is one of the most commonly used methods for screening aneurysms. The computer-assisted detection system for cerebral aneurysms can help clinicians improve the accuracy of aneurysm diagnosis. As fully convolutional network could classify the image pixel-wise, its three-dimensional implementation is highly suitable for the classification of the vascular structure. However, because the volume of blood vessels in the image is relatively small, 3D convolutional neural network does not work well for blood vessels. RESULTS: The presented study developed a computer-assisted detection system for cerebral aneurysms in the contrast-unenhanced time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography image. The system first extracts the volume of interest with a fully automatic vessel segmentation algorithm, then uses 3D-UNet-based fully convolutional network to detect the aneurysm areas. A total of 131 magnetic resonance angiography image data are used in this study, among which 76 are training sets, 20 are internal test sets and 35 are external test sets. The presented system obtained 94.4% sensitivity in the fivefold cross-validation of the internal test sets and obtained 82.9% sensitivity with 0.86 false positive/case in the detection of the external test sets. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed computer-assisted detection system can automatically detect the suspected aneurysm areas in contrast-unenhanced time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography images. It can be used for aneurysm screening in the daily physical examination.

Randomized control study on the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage with placenta and placenta by loop suture of lower uterine segment in cesarean section / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of loop suture ligation and arterial embolization in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage caused by placenta placenta.Methods A total of 108 cases of cesarean section was divided with digital random method into control and study groups with 54 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were given the ring suture in the lower part of the uterus.The changes of blood pressure,pulse,and blood oxygen saturation before and after operation were compared.The clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated between two groups.Results Pressure,diastolic blood pressure,pulse and blood oxygen saturation of two groups were stable before and after contraction,the difference with two group before and after operation were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05),and two groups after operation during the same period,the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Cesarean section bleeding in the control group [(2 134.75 ± 189.63)ml] was higher than the study group [(1 864.82 ± 201.33)ml] (P ＜ 0.05),and Apgar score at 1 min and hysterectomy rate differences were not statistically significant between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The control group 24 h postoperative bleeding [(306.75 ± 151.33)ml] was higher than the study group [(249.34 ± 160.28)ml] (P ＜0.05),and two groups of postoperative antibiotic use time differences were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Hospitalization expenses control group [(3.06 ± 1.27) ten thousand yuan] were lower than the study group [(3.62 ± 1.35)ten thousand yuan] (P ＜0.05).Shock rate was 31.5％ in the control group,and study group 24.1％.The incidence rate of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was 14.8％ in the control group,and study group 11.1％.Postoperative fever incidence rate was 44.4％ in the control group,and study group 42.6％.Incidence of postoperative infection was 24.1％ in control group,and study group 18.5％.Shock rate,DIC rate,and postoperative fever incidence were not significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The cesarean section in the lower uterine segment circumsuture and arterial embolization treatment of postpartum hemorrhage had clinical curative effect,safe and reliable.The arterial embolization mosaic can effectively reduce the cesarean section bleeding and postoperative bleeding 24 h,while the lower uterine segment circumsuture was more economical.

Theory of mind impairment in youngsters affected by alexithymia / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo study theory of mind(TOM) of youngsters in alexithymia,and to assess the impairment in TOM by analysing affective and cognitive TOM and the first and second order judgment.MethodsTOM of 31 alexithymics and 30 healthy control subjects get be examined by the Chinese version of “Yoni task” and series of tests.ResultsThere were significant differences in affective TOM accuracy scores between alexithymics and healthy controls ( ( 35.81 ± 6.30) vs ( 39.83 ± 6.02),t =-2.55,P ＜ 0.05 ).Particularly,alexithymics got significantly lower accuracy scores in the second order judgement of affective TOM ( (24.55 ±6.01 ) vs (28.80 ± 6.04),t =-2.76,P ＜ 0.01 ).However,there were no in cognitive TOM accuracy scores between alexithymics and health controls ( ( 19.00 ± 2.11 ) vs ( 19.43 ± 2.13 ),t =-0.80,P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionAlexithymics are impaired in affective TOM,specially the second order judgement.

Theory of mind abilities between autistic children' s and the normal children' s parents / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To compare the theory of mind(TOM) abilities between autistic children's parents and the normal children' s,and to indirectly prove that TOM deficit in autism maybe related to heredity in cognitive neuropsychology.Methods This study examines TOM abilities in 32 autistic children' s parents and 32 normal children' s parents,using the computerized Yoni task and an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests.Results In contrast to findings in the control group,autistic children' s parents showed significantly lower scores in affective theory of mind( (23.06 ±5.12)vs(25.63 ±4.47),P＜0.01 ) and special emotion( ( 10.13 ±4.14)vs ( 14.87 ±2.21 ),P＜0.05),but not in cognitive theory of mind( (22.75 ±5.01 ) vs(22.56 ±5.63),P＞0.05).Conclusion The autistic children' s parents are impaired in affective theory of mind,and to indirectly prove that autistic TOM deficit maybe related to heredity in cognitive neuropsychology.

Effect of entrainer on supercritical CO2 for extraction of tradition and herbal drugs / 中国中药杂志

Type, mode of affiliating, mechanism of action of entrainer in Supercritical CO2 on extraction of Chinese traditional and herbal drugs were briefly reviewed. Application of entrainer in Supercritical CO2 on extraction of flavones, terpenes, sterols, and saponins in Chinese traditional and herbal drugs were recommended in particular. Some problems and directions in research of entrainer in Supercritical CO2 on extraction of Chinese traditional and herbal drugs were shown in this paper.

Survey and Analysis of Medical Staff’s Knowledge Level on the Rational Use and Management of Antibac-terials in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate medical staff’s awareness and knowledge level on the rational use and management of antibacterials in our hospital.METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted on the spot among medical staff in our hospital,and the results of survey were recorded in Excel electronic form and subjected to data analysis and processing.RESU-LTS & CONCLUSION:The medical staff had a good mastering about the general knowledge about antibacterials(such as definitions,classifications and so on).However,their answers to the questions such as reasonable antibacterial drug use,bacterial resistance,safety and expertise were relatively concentrated(tended to tick the same answer).Therefore,it is advisable to develop different forms of training through different ways among hospital medical staff to enhance their knowledge level on antibacterials and strengthen their awareness of correct and rational use of antibacterials meanwhile setting related measures and management norms.

CT Diagnosis of Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the CT manifestations of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH), and improve the CT diagnostic accuracy of the disease.Methods The CT manifestations of 5 cases with pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma which were proved by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. Results Solitary pulmonary nodule was demonstrated in all 5 cases with clear demarcation on CT. The nodule was smooth and homogeneous in density in 4 cases, and was slightly irregular with cavity in another case. After intravenous contrast administration, all the lesions were homogeneously enhanced, similar to the nearby blood vessels. The vessels linked with the lesions were found generally.Conclusion The CT is helpful for the diagnosis of PSH.