Mineral supplementation of dairy heifers in Marandu-Grass pasture in spring and summer seasons / Suplementação mineral de novilhas leiteiras em pastagens Marandu-Grass nas estações de primavera e verão

Here in this study we assessed dairy heifers kept in tropical grasslands during spring and summer seasons to observe the effects of two supplementation strategies upon their performance. Sixteen dairy heifers (Holstein 5/8 x Gyr 3/4) with 135.25 kg of body mass were randomly assigned in two supplementation treatments (e.g., mineral salt and protein salt supplement) during spring and summer seasons, divided into two groups of eight animals that represented 4.29 animal unit ha. Initial and final fasted weights (i.e., feed and water withheld for 16h) were obtained before to start and at the end of each grazing cycle (28 days), and then the weight gain (kg animal-1) per grazing cycle was calculated by the difference between final and initial weights. There was no significant effect (P <0.05) on the intake of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, and dry matter digestibility, between treatments (P <0.05). However, there was a significant effect (P <0.05) between seasons; e.g., respective means of dry matter intake (kg day-1,% BW g / kg 0.75), intake of crude protein (g day-1 g / kg 0.75), ether extract (g day-1), neutral detergent fiber (g day-1 and% BW) were 3.95 and 2.88 kg, 2.54 and 1.65%, 89.27 and 59.56 g kg0.75, 429.89 and 298.43 g day-1, 9.72 and 6.18 g kg0.75, 118.79 and 84.07 g day-1, 2.90 and 2.05 kg day-1, 1.86 and 1.18%, for Spring and Summer seasons. Moreover, the dry matter intake (% BW and g kg 0.75 of DM) were higher (P < 0.05) during the spring season (e.g., 2.53 vs 1.64 % BW; and 89.26 vs 59.56 g kg0.75 DM).(AU)

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o desempenho de novilhas leiteiras em recria sob duas estratégias de suplementação mineral. Foram utilizadas 16 novilhas Holandês x Zebu com peso vivo médio inicial de 135,25 kg, divididas em 2 tratamentos (sal proteinado e sal mineralizado) e manejadas em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, em sistema rotacionado. Ao final de cada ciclo de 28 dias, os animais foram pesados e o peso utilizado para cálculos de GMD e taxa de lotação. A altura do pasto e a massa de forragem foram mensuradas antes da entrada e após a saída dos animais, onde foram retiradas amostras para análises bromatológicas e estimativas de consumo. Os suplementos foram fornecidos ad libidum. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos, estações e interação tratamento vs estação para o GMD que foram 301,12 e 357,13 g dia-1. Observou-se efeito significativo (P<0,05) entre as estações (Primavera/Verão). O consumo médio de matéria seca, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro foram respectivamente, 3,94 e 2,87 kg; 2,53 e 1,69%; 89,26 e 59,56 g kg0,75; 429,89 e 238,42 g dia-1; 9,74 e 6,17g kg0,75; 118,79 e 84,07 g dia-1; 2,98 e 2,05 kg dia-1; 1,86 e 1,17%, para as estações avaliadas. O consumo de proteinado foi superior (P<0,05), observando-se 36,50 e 65,50 g 100 kg-1PV. A digestibilidade da MS foi significativa (P<0,05) para interação, tratamento vs estação, cujo valores foram respectivamente 49,76 e 46,80 para os tratamentos. Os efeitos dos suplementos utilizados foram equivalentes.(AU)

Mineral supplementation of dairy heifers in Marandu-Grass pasture in spring and summer seasons / Suplementação mineral de novilhas leiteiras em pastagens Marandu-Grass nas estações de primavera e verão

Here in this study we assessed dairy heifers kept in tropical grasslands during spring and summer seasons to observe the effects of two supplementation strategies upon their performance. Sixteen dairy heifers (Holstein 5/8 x Gyr 3/4) with 135.25 kg of body mass were randomly assigned in two supplementation treatments (e.g., mineral salt and protein salt supplement) during spring and summer seasons, divided into two groups of eight animals that represented 4.29 animal unit ha. Initial and final fasted weights (i.e., feed and water withheld for 16h) were obtained before to start and at the end of each grazing cycle (28 days), and then the weight gain (kg animal-1) per grazing cycle was calculated by the difference between final and initial weights. There was no significant effect (P <0.05) on the intake of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, and dry matter digestibility, between treatments (P <0.05). However, there was a significant effect (P <0.05) between seasons; e.g., respective means of dry matter intake (kg day-1,% BW g / kg 0.75), intake of crude protein (g day-1 g / kg 0.75), ether extract (g day-1), neutral detergent fiber (g day-1 and% BW) were 3.95 and 2.88 kg, 2.54 and 1.65%, 89.27 and 59.56 g kg0.75, 429.89 and 298.43 g day-1, 9.72 and 6.18 g kg0.75, 118.79 and 84.07 g day-1, 2.90 and 2.05 kg day-1, 1.86 and 1.18%, for Spring and Summer seasons. Moreover, the dry matter intake (% BW and g kg 0.75 of DM) were higher (P < 0.05) during the spring season (e.g., 2.53 vs 1.64 % BW; and 89.26 vs 59.56 g kg0.75 DM).

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o desempenho de novilhas leiteiras em recria sob duas estratégias de suplementação mineral. Foram utilizadas 16 novilhas Holandês x Zebu com peso vivo médio inicial de 135,25 kg, divididas em 2 tratamentos (sal proteinado e sal mineralizado) e manejadas em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, em sistema rotacionado. Ao final de cada ciclo de 28 dias, os animais foram pesados e o peso utilizado para cálculos de GMD e taxa de lotação. A altura do pasto e a massa de forragem foram mensuradas antes da entrada e após a saída dos animais, onde foram retiradas amostras para análises bromatológicas e estimativas de consumo. Os suplementos foram fornecidos ad libidum. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos, estações e interação tratamento vs estação para o GMD que foram 301,12 e 357,13 g dia-1. Observou-se efeito significativo (P<0,05) entre as estações (Primavera/Verão). O consumo médio de matéria seca, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro foram respectivamente, 3,94 e 2,87 kg; 2,53 e 1,69%; 89,26 e 59,56 g kg0,75; 429,89 e 238,42 g dia-1; 9,74 e 6,17g kg0,75; 118,79 e 84,07 g dia-1; 2,98 e 2,05 kg dia-1; 1,86 e 1,17%, para as estações avaliadas. O consumo de proteinado foi superior (P<0,05), observando-se 36,50 e 65,50 g 100 kg-1PV. A digestibilidade da MS foi significativa (P<0,05) para interação, tratamento vs estação, cujo valores foram respectivamente 49,76 e 46,80 para os tratamentos. Os efeitos dos suplementos utilizados foram equivalentes.

Meat quality of suckling goat raised in differents feeding systems

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of three breeding systems on the organoleptic quality and the physico-chemical composition of kids goat meat. Were used thirty newborn baby goats of 3.35 kg ± 0.65 kg crossed Parda Alpina x Undefined Race (SPRD) submitted to three breeding systems: Traditional system-TS; Intensive Feeding System without Concentrate- IS and Intensive Feeding System with Concentrate- IS+C. When the goats reached 12 kg, the animals were slaughtered and chemical and physical analyzes were performed in the evaluation of the meat and sensorial. The experimental design was completely randomized, submitted to analysis of variance and compared by the Tukey test and Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsh at 5%. All analyzed variables were also submitted to Pearson correlation. The meat of the goats submitted to IS+C and IS presented higher intramuscular fat content and better flavor and aroma scores. A of Goats that used concentrated ration (TS and IS+C) showed a more intense red color in the meat than the animals that did not receive concentrate in their diets, besides presenting higher lipid contents in their composition, better scores for these two organoleptic characteristics. The chemical composition of goat meat in both breeding systems indicates that it is low in fat and high in moisture and therefore classified as very tender and juicy. The meat obtained from the IS+C, in general, presented better attributes than the others, believing it in the markets of meat of high quality.(AU)

Meat quality of suckling goat raised in differents feeding systems

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of three breeding systems on the organoleptic quality and the physico-chemical composition of kids goat meat. Were used thirty newborn baby goats of 3.35 kg ± 0.65 kg crossed Parda Alpina x Undefined Race (SPRD) submitted to three breeding systems: Traditional system-TS; Intensive Feeding System without Concentrate- IS and Intensive Feeding System with Concentrate- IS+C. When the goats reached 12 kg, the animals were slaughtered and chemical and physical analyzes were performed in the evaluation of the meat and sensorial. The experimental design was completely randomized, submitted to analysis of variance and compared by the Tukey test and Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsh at 5%. All analyzed variables were also submitted to Pearson correlation. The meat of the goats submitted to IS+C and IS presented higher intramuscular fat content and better flavor and aroma scores. A of Goats that used concentrated ration (TS and IS+C) showed a more intense red color in the meat than the animals that did not receive concentrate in their diets, besides presenting higher lipid contents in their composition, better scores for these two organoleptic characteristics. The chemical composition of goat meat in both breeding systems indicates that it is low in fat and high in moisture and therefore classified as very tender and juicy. The meat obtained from the IS+C, in general, presented better attributes than the others, believing it in the markets of meat of high quality.

Desempenho e características de carcaça de dois biótipos de ovinos da raça Santa Inês terminados a pasto suplementados com blocos multinutricionais / Performance and carcass characteristics of two biotypes of Santa Inês sheep grazing pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho e características da carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês terminados a pasto e suplementados com blocos multinutricionais (BMs). Foram utilizados 20 cordeiros inteiros, sendo 10 do biótipo Santa Inês Tradicional e 10 Santa Inês Moderno. Estes foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, onde permaneceram até atingirem a idade para abate de 264 dias. Apesar de possuírem biótipos distintos, os ovinos não diferiram estatisticamente para variáveis de desempenho, características quantitativas, qualitativas, morfometria, biometria, somente a variável de rendimento de paleta apresentou-se superior para o biótipo moderno em 19,75% enquanto que para o tradicional foi de 19,18%. Observou- se um consumo crescente de bloco multinutricional pelos cordeiros até aos 56 dias de experimento, atingindo no máximo 0,240g/animal/dia, mas aos 84 dias houve um declínio para 0,198g/animal/dia. O ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD) foi de 144,22 e 146,67 para o biótipo tradicional e o moderno respectivamente, bem como o peso final (PF) que foi de 32,26 e 32,66kg para cada biótipo. A tipificação da carcaça dos animais é moderada, sendo, portanto uma carcaça magra. A margem bruta de lucro foi de 78 reais/animal. Apesar das diferenças biotípicas os cordeiros da raça Santa Inês terminados a pasto e suplementados com blocos multinutricionais apresentam carcaças com características semelhantes.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Santa Inês lambs fed pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks (MB). Twenty whole lambs were used, 10 of the Santa Inês Tradicional and 10 Santa Inês Moderno biotypes. These were distributed in a completely randomized design, where they remained until reaching the slaughtering age of 264 days. Although they had different biotypes, sheep did not differ statistically for performance variables, quantitative, qualitative, morphometry, biometrics, only the palette yield variable was higher for the biotype in 19. 75%, while for the traditional one it was 19. 18%. Increasing use of the multinutritional block was observed by lambs up to 56 days of experiment, reaching a maximum of 0.240g/animal/day, but at 84 days there was a decline to 0.198g/animal/day. The average daily gain (ADG) was 144.22 and 146.67 for the traditional and modem biotypes, respectively, and the final weight (FW) was 32. 26 and 32. 66kg for each biotype. The carcass of the animals is moderate and therefore a lean carcass. The gross profit margin was 78 reais/animal. Despite the biotypic differences, the Santa Inês lambs fed pasture and supplemented with multinutritional blocks showed similar carcass characteristics.(AU)

Desempenho e características de carcaça de dois biótipos de ovinos da raça Santa Inês terminados a pasto suplementados com blocos multinutricionais / Performance and carcass characteristics of two biotypes of Santa Inês sheep grazing pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho e características da carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês terminados a pasto e suplementados com blocos multinutricionais (BMs). Foram utilizados 20 cordeiros inteiros, sendo 10 do biótipo Santa Inês Tradicional e 10 Santa Inês Moderno. Estes foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, onde permaneceram até atingirem a idade para abate de 264 dias. Apesar de possuírem biótipos distintos, os ovinos não diferiram estatisticamente para variáveis de desempenho, características quantitativas, qualitativas, morfometria, biometria, somente a variável de rendimento de paleta apresentou-se superior para o biótipo moderno em 19,75% enquanto que para o tradicional foi de 19,18%. Observou- se um consumo crescente de bloco multinutricional pelos cordeiros até aos 56 dias de experimento, atingindo no máximo 0,240g/animal/dia, mas aos 84 dias houve um declínio para 0,198g/animal/dia. O ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD) foi de 144,22 e 146,67 para o biótipo tradicional e o moderno respectivamente, bem como o peso final (PF) que foi de 32,26 e 32,66kg para cada biótipo. A tipificação da carcaça dos animais é moderada, sendo, portanto uma carcaça magra. A margem bruta de lucro foi de 78 reais/animal. Apesar das diferenças biotípicas os cordeiros da raça Santa Inês terminados a pasto e suplementados com blocos multinutricionais apresentam carcaças com características semelhantes.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Santa Inês lambs fed pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks (MB). Twenty whole lambs were used, 10 of the Santa Inês Tradicional and 10 Santa Inês Moderno biotypes. These were distributed in a completely randomized design, where they remained until reaching the slaughtering age of 264 days. Although they had different biotypes, sheep did not differ statistically for performance variables, quantitative, qualitative, morphometry, biometrics, only the palette yield variable was higher for the biotype in 19. 75%, while for the traditional one it was 19. 18%. Increasing use of the multinutritional block was observed by lambs up to 56 days of experiment, reaching a maximum of 0.240g/animal/day, but at 84 days there was a decline to 0.198g/animal/day. The average daily gain (ADG) was 144.22 and 146.67 for the traditional and modem biotypes, respectively, and the final weight (FW) was 32. 26 and 32. 66kg for each biotype. The carcass of the animals is moderate and therefore a lean carcass. The gross profit margin was 78 reais/animal. Despite the biotypic differences, the Santa Inês lambs fed pasture and supplemented with multinutritional blocks showed similar carcass characteristics.