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1.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 23(1): 13-20, ene.-mar. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-390324

ABSTRACT

La evaluación integral de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FR) ha permitido diseñar tablas de estratificación de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV), que puedan predecir el riesgo global de sufrir un evento cardiovascular en los próximos 10 años en personas asintomáticas. Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de FR en personas aparentemente sanas, y estratificarlas según su riesgo de presentar un evento cardiovascular en la próxima década. Métodos: Se estudiaron 12.409 personas sanas (PS), de 25 comunas de Santiago, edad 47,59 +-12 años, (51,5 porciento mujeres, 48,5 porciento hombres). Se evaluó conocimiento de FR, hábito tabáquico y alimentario (consumo de colesterol) actividad física y antecedentes familiares. Se midió presión arterial (PA), índice masa corporal (IMC, circunferencia cintura (CC), colesterol total (CT), y glicemia postprandial >4 hr (Gl). Se estratificaron en niveles de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV), según tablas de evaluación de RCV europeas, que consideran RCV bajo (<5 porciento), leve ( 5-10 porciento), moderado (10-20 porciento), alto (20-40 porciento)y muy alto (>40 porciento) de presentar un evento cardiovascular en los próximos 10 años. Resultados: la prevalencia de FR fue de 21,1 porciento hipertensión sistólica; 19,9 porciento hipertensión diastólica; 53,1 porciento hipercolesterolemia; 37,8 porciento tabaquismo; 68,6 porciento sedentarismo; 23,7 porciento obesidad, 71,1 porciento sobrepeso; y 5 porciento Gl alterada. El 22,8 porciento de la población tenía RCV entre 10 y 20 porciento y 5,6 porciento tenía RCV mayor a 20 porciento de tener un evento en los próximos 10 años. En los niveles de RCV >20 porciento, se encontró cifras significativamente mayores de PA, IMC, CC, CT, tabaquismo, sedentarismo y glicemia. Conclusiones: existe una alta prevalencia de FR. En el 28,4 porciento se encontró riesgo moderado/alto de presentar eventos cardiovasculares en los próximos 10 años. Este grupo presenta también otros FR no considerados en el modelo de estratificación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , Chile , Heart Injuries , Risk Groups
2.
Rev Med Chil ; 130(10): 1087-94, 2002 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12491825

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is associated to a high risk of systemic embolism and to hypercoagulability. AIM: To evaluate the activation of the coagulation cascade through determinations of the thrombin-antithrombin complex in patients with atrial fibrillation and to correlate this data with the clinical and echocardiographic risk factors for systemic embolism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 53 patients with atrial fibrillation plasma levels of the thrombin-antithrombin complex were determined on admission to a coronary care unit and 30 days later. Using a univariate and multiple regression analysis, the association basal thrombin-antithrombin with the duration of the arrhythmia, age over 70 years, previous use of antiplatelet agents, history of hypertension, mitral valve disease, diabetes, heart failure, previous systemic embolism, left atrial diameter and the presence of spontaneous contrast echo or thrombus in the left atrial appendage, was studied. RESULTS: Basal thrombin-antithrombin values were 40.1 +/- 69 mg/L (Median 8.34 [3.0-47.5]) compared to 2.7 +/- 3.3 mg/L in healthy controls (p < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between activation of the coagulation cascade and risk factors for systemic embolism. There were no significant differences in thrombin-antithrombin values between patients with chronic or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (29.5 +/- 43 mg/L and 49.4 +/- 83 mg/L respectively). Mean thrombin-antithrombin values in patients under antiplatelet agents were lower than in those without treatment (17.3 +/- 43 vs 66.8 +/- 127 mg/L; p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: The activation of the coagulation cascade in patients with atrial fibrillation was confirmed. However, no association of this activation with well known clinical and echocardiographic risk factors for systemic embolism, was found. Previous antiplatelet treatment prevented a higher activation of the coagulation cascade.


Subject(s)
Antithrombins/analysis , Atrial Fibrillation/blood , Blood Coagulation Factors/metabolism , Blood Coagulation , Coagulation Protein Disorders/etiology , Embolism/blood , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Case-Control Studies , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Embolism/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Risk Factors
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