ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The selection and allocation of surgeons with a greater potential for high surgical performance are essential aspects of improving the quality, safety and effectiveness of surgical procedures. Objective of this trial was to determine the existence of basic skills and traits that would predict better performance in surgery, and those predictive factors that constitute a driving force in different stages of training. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The randomized crossover training trial took place from January 2021 to December 2021 and was conducted at an educational training center for minimally invasive surgery. A total of n=87 physicians (residents and experts) from surgical disciplines and n=239 fifth-year medical students were studied. The participants underwent extensive neuropsychological testing and surgical training, which was performed with conventional as well as robot-assisted laparoscopy by way of identical brief tasks conducted six times in a randomized crossover setting. Main Outcome was the latent factor structure of "psychomotor skills", "personality" and "motivation" based on structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The training performance of both students and physicians was significantly explained by the interaction of the three factors (explained variance: 8.2% for students, 23.8% for physicians). In students, motivation (explained variance 8.4%) and personality (explained variance 4.5%) revealed the highest contribution to surgical training performance (explained variance through psychomotor skills 1.1%). In physicians, psychomotor skills (explained variance 27.4%) made the greatest contribution to surgical training performance (explained variance through motivation 2.3%; explained variance through personality 10.5%). CONCLUSION: The study showed that surgical performance is sensitive to, and fragile in regard of non-surgery-related general individual traits. This aligns with the notion that early selection of surgeons with prospects of high surgical performance is possible, and perhaps even necessary in order to keep up with future demands on the medical system.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the method of detecting oocyte aneuploidy by spectral karyotyping (SKY).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The unfertilized oocytes were fixed 1-2 days after oocyte retrieval. Spectral karyotyping was performed according to the protocol.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>64% of oocytes were normal, 36% of oocytes were aneuploidy, of which 22% were due to nondisjunction and 14% unbalanced predivision.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SKY is an effective method for detecting oocyte aneuploidy. Both nondisjunction and unbalanced predivision are involved in oocyte aneuploidy formation.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Aneuploidy , Oocytes , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Reproducibility of Results , Spectral Karyotyping , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mechanism of oocyte aneuploidy formation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The unfertilized oocytes were fixed 1-3 days after oocyte retrieval. Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) was performed according to the Vysis protocol to check the chromosome status in oocytes by using centromeric enumerator probes for chromosomes 16, 18 and locus-specific probes for chromosomes 13, 21 and 22.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>47% oocytes were found to be normal, while 53 % oocytes were abnormal. Nondisjunction was found in 22(18%) oocytes, unbalanced predivision of chromatids in 15(12%) oocytes, balanced predivision of chromatids in 45(36%) oocytes. The balanced predivision rate in oocytes aged in vitro>24h was much higher than that in oocytes aged in vitro<or=24h (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both nondisjunction, balanced and unbalanced predivision of chromatids are involved in the oocyte aneuploidy formation. Balanced predivision is related to the time in culture.</p>
