[Effect of total laser irradiation on migration of mature cells in rat bone marrow]. / Vliianie obshchego oblucheniia lazerom na migratsiiu zrelykh kletok kostnogo mozga krys.

In experiment on 50 white Wistar male rats, total laser radiation was assessed as regards its effect on bone marrow structure and cells migration into the blood and small intestinal mucosa. The unit "ILGI-101" was used on the basis of copper laser for a single radiation procedure. As shown by light and electron microscopy, morphometry, copper laser single total irradiation causes material changes in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of rats. These were most pronounced 1 hour after the irradiation and depended on the cell migration into the small intestinal stroma. 24 hours after the procedure morphological structure of intestinal bone marrow showed a tendency to normalization.

Effects of cytapheresis on cell cycle distribution of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells in some hematological malignancies.

Feulgen-DNA cytophotometry and 3H-thymidine autoradiography were used to evaluate therapeutic cytapheresis effects on cell cycle distributions of peripheral blood leukemic cells in 15 acute leukemia, 5 CML and 8 CLL patients and of bone marrow erythroblasts in 18 PV patients. Both individual cytapheresis procedures and a long-term program of cytapheresis altered cell cycle distributions and biochemistry which may be summarized as follows: An increase in percentage of cells in S-phase (acute leukemia, CML); a decrease in the differences between values of S-cell number obtained by cytophotometry and autoradiography (acute leukemia, CML, PV); a decrease in some cases in enlarged fraction of cells in G2 (blast crisis of CML, PV); an activation of G0----G1 transition and an increase in the PAS-positive lymphocyte fraction in CLL patients. An apparent increase of blasts in S-phase was found after a pheresis in acute leukemia patients who responded to subsequent chemotherapy. In "nonresponders", a pheresis had no effect on cell cycle distributions. The results of the study demonstrate that despite the wide variability of individual responses, cytapheresis activates cell proliferation and metabolic processes in patients with hematological malignancies.

Cytophotometry of granulocytes in chronic granulocytic leukemia patients. Part I. Cell cycle distribution, S-phase transition and quantitative cytochemistry.

In the chronic phase of CGL the proportion of granulocytes in S + G2 was lower (18.7 +/- 1.3% in marrow and 16.7 +/- 2.4% in blood) than in normal bone marrow (42.4 +/- 2.9%) as studied by Feulgen-DNA cytophotometry. During the blast crisis the percentage of S + G2 blasts was 39.3 +/- 8.4 in marrow and 38.7 +/- 7.8 in blood which was much higher than in acute myeloblastic leukemia patients (10.8 +/- 1.4 and 5.1 +/- 1.0). Thymidine labelling index values were lower than the percentage of cytophotometrically detected S-phase cells: up to 28% of cells with Feulgen-DNA content corresponding to S-phase did not incorporate 3H-thymidine. The rate of DNA synthesis remained constant during the S-phase but 3H-thymidine uptake increases towards the end of the S-phase. Morphometric parameters and quantitative cytochemical (PAS, Sudan, myeloperoxidase activity) characteristics of polymorphonuclear neutrophils were altered during the chronic phase of the disease but remained in the normal range during the blast crisis. Mature neutrophils in the blast crisis are assumed to originate from normal granulocyte progenitors.

Cytophotometry of granulocytes in chronic granulocytic leukaemia patients. Part II. Effects of chemotherapy on cell kinetics and cytochemical parameters of granulocytes.

A successful course of chemotherapy (myelosan or combined regimens) results in a two to eight fold decrease of the percentage of S + G2 cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood and in the restoration of normal morphometric and cytochemical patterns of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the chronic phase of CGL. In those patients of the chronic phase not responding to chemotherapy and in blast crisis the proportion of S + G2 cells did not change after a course of chemotherapy. Cytostatic drugs killed cells in all phases of the cell cycle. The initial response to chemotherapy was a slight increase of the proportion of S + G2 cells in peripheral blood, apparently as a result of the block in cell cycle transition which was followed by a rapid drop of S + G2 proportion. During chemotherapy such phenomena as an appearance of tetraploid mature neutrophils and of aneuploid clones were occasionally observed.