[Yeast species identification in vulvovaginal candidiasis: susceptibility to nystatin]. / Diagnostyka gatunkowa w kandydozie sromu i pochwy--wrazliwosc na nystatyne.

OBJECTIVE: The rates of Candida species and susceptibility to nystatin were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 1998 mycological tests have been carried out for identification of yeast species in the group of pregnant and delivering women hospitalized in the Obstetrics-Gynecological Departments of the Municipal Hospital in Bydgoszcz. We used two commercial media: Albicans ID and CHROMagar Candida. Noted have been 389 positive inoculation results for Candida from vaginal secretions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: From the total number of 416 differentiated fungus strains decidedly dominant was the species Candida albicans--constituting 81.97% of all strains. The second frequently occurring fungus species was Candida glabrata--11.06%. Further species were C. krusei--2.16%, C. tropicalis--1.20% and C. guilliermondii--1.20%. In 10 cases (2.41%)--in spite of carrying out the laboratory activities that are necessary in such a situation--the species type of tested strains could not be determined. The simultaneous occurrence of two Candida species has been noted in material originating from 27 women (6.94% of cases). Defining the drug-resistance of 93 Candida species strains against nystatin by means of the disk-diffusion method--it has been started that this drug is highly effective--81.72% of sensitive strains.

[Vaginal candidiasis: frequency of occurrence and risk factors]. / Kandydoza pochwy--czestosc wystepowania i czynniki ryzyka.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the incidence, risk factors and pregnancy outcome among women with vaginal growth of Candida species. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1997 inoculation results have been assessed of vaginal secretions collected on a standard Sabouraud base and demographic data has been collected of 10,825 pregnant women delivering in single and full-term pregnancy in the Municipal Hospital in Bydgoszcz. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Positive inoculation results for Candida sp. has been noted by 2248 women, which constitutes 20.77% from the delivering women meeting the above mentioned conditions. Properties correlated with positive inoculation results were: living in the country (23.55%), age--below 20 years (24.56%), civil status--widow or divorced (23.88%), vocation (22.66%) or primary education (22.44%), unemployment (22.82%), third or further birth (21.26%) and earlier pregnancy complications (22.46%). An analysis of two simultaneously occurring factors has disclosed a very high percentage of positive inoculation results--in the group of women attending school and residing in the country (37.50%) and women below 20 years of age that have had earlier pregnancy complications (42.31%).

[In vitro assessment of the sensitivity of Candida albicans strains isolated from the vagina on basis antimycotics]. / Ocena in vitro wrazliwosci szczepów Candida albicans izolowanych z pochwy na podstawowe antymikotyki.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to analyses the sensitivity of 73 randomly selected Candida albicans strains isolated from the vagina of pregnant and delivering women against seven basic antimycotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The microtest FUNGITEST (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur) was applied in assessing the sensitivity of 5-fluorocytosin, amphotericin B, ketoconazol, fluconazol, itraconazol and miconazol and the disk-diffusion method with the use of a Casitone base for nystatin. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Variations in the sensitivity against drugs have been noted between individual strains of Candida albicans species. The largest number of strains was resistant against ketoconazol--56.16%, and only 10.96% was resistant against nystatin.

[Changes in the methods of cesarean section]. / Zmiany w technice operacji ciecia cesarskiego.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of leaving the visceral peritoneum open and hysterotomy closing by a one-layer continuous locked. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of 868 women underwent caesarean section had been performed. All operated patients were divided into three compared groups. 268 women operated between 01.05.96 and 31.01.97, belonged into I group, which had the visceral peritoneum sutured during caesarean section, in comparison to the II group operated between 01.05.97-31.01.98 (n = 280), which had only one modification in surgical procedure--the visceral peritoneum was left unsutured and to the group operated between 01.05.98-31.01.99 (n = 320) with second modification--the hysterotomy was closed by a one-layer continuous locked. RESULTS: The average operating time was significantly shorter at group II and III. After surgery we have not observed significant differences in frequency of febrile morbidity (6.34% in I group, 8.93% in second group and 8.44% in third group) and postoperative complications (respectively 9.33; 11.07 and 10.63%). CONCLUSIONS: Non-closure of the visceral peritoneum and closure of the hysterotomy by a one-layer continuous locked has no influence on the number of the post surgical complications. Modifications method of cesarean section showed significantly decreased operative time and chirurgical materials use.