[The comparative pathomorphological evaluation of the mice-recipient's brain cell-tissue reactions by the intracerebral imlantation of syngeneic and allogeneic neural cells].

The aim of the study was to compare the mice-recipient's brain tissue cell-structural reactions in response to intracerebral implantation of syngeneic and allogeneic cell suspensions of neural progenitor cells (NPC) (E13-15). The NPC suspensions from mice-donors of C57BL/6 and CBA containing 72.7 +/- 9.9% Vimentin+ and 81, 812, 5% GFAP+ cells were inoculated by standard procedure in right temporal segment of cerebral hemisphere of mice-recipients C57BL/6 (1 x 10(6) cells per animal). The certain part of mice-recipients of allogeneic NPC were immunosupressed by Sandimmune (100 mkg per animal) on day 0, 3, 6 after neurotransplantation. The standard histological preparations of mice brains were performed after 24 hours, 6, 12, 18 and 37 days after NPC neurotransplantation, which were investigated by cytoanalyzer "IBAS" (Germany). After intracerebral inoculation of allogeneic foetal NPC the signs of the pericellular edema and lymphocyte infiltration were detected in adjacent brain sections on day 12-18 and decreased on day 37. Allogeneic foetal NPC were reserved till day 18 and revealed the signs of primary differentiation. After immunosupression by "Sandimmune" the foetal NPC underwent the phoenotypic differentiation and infiltration in related brain sections. On the day 37 the implanted NPC were not detected. Focal reaction of the brain glial component to implanted NPC declined faster after syngeneic NPC neuroimplantation (up to day 18) than after allogeneic NPC neuroimplantation (up to day 37). After the syngeneic NPC inoculation on the 37th day at the site of implantation the formation of a small fragment of immature bone was fixed, which may indicate the possibility of NPC transdifferentiation in other cell types.

[Mesenchymal stem cells and their immunological properties].

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are found in a variety of tissues, including bone marrow, skin and adipose tissue and can be expanded easily in vitro. MSC are thought to have tissue regenerative properties, in the first place via their multilineage differentiation capacity. In addition, MSC have potent immunomodulatory capacity. They inhibit the proliferation of T cells and inhibit dendritic cell maturation. These properties make MSC promising for a diversity of clinical applications; for example, for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases and bone marrow rejection. Different studies have attributed the immunosuppressive effect of MSC to different immunosuppressive factors. These include indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), HLA-G, nitric oxide, interleukines. The long-term ability of allogeneic MSCs to preserve function in the infarcted heart is limited by a biphasic immune response whereby they transition from an immunoprivileged to an immunogenic state after differentiation, which is associated with an alteration in major histocompatibility complex--immune antigen profile. These findings provide critical information about the immunosuppression of MSCs and for better application of MSCs in treating immune disorders.

[Immune response in mice following intrabrain injections of allogeneic spleen or brain cells].

Cytotoxic activity of spleen lymphocytes and lymphatic knots was studied. Accumulation of anibodies in blood serum of recipient in response to intrabrain injection of the antigen was investigated. Cellular and humoral immune response of mice developed with the intrabrain injection ofalohenic cells. The data obtained suggest that there is no isolation of the brain, because antigen injection to the brain is able to induce the immune reaction.

[Effect of allogenic intracranial transplantation of embryonal neural cell-precursors on the humoral immune response to neurospecific proteins in rabbits].

The purpose of the study was to prepare the neural precursors and evaluate the humoral autoimmune response to neuro-specific antigens in rabbits after intracranial transplantation of the prepared cells. The cell suspension enriched with vimentin-positive progenitor neurocells up to 70-80% was received on 9th day after cultivation of embryonal rabbit neurocells in DMEM+retinol acetate medium. The autoimmune responses to neuronspecific enolase were established in 30% of rabbits 1-3 months after intracranial neural precursors transplantation.

[Effectiveness of immunoglobulin treatment in rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis].

The aim of our study was to investigate effectiveness ofintravenous immunoglobulin treatment at experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was induced by the administration of adult rat spinal cord homogenates with Freund's adjuvant. All rats were divided into three groups: the first group received intraperitoneal injections of human intravenous immunoglobulin in dose 0.5 g/kg from 12th to 16th day after induction of EAE; the second group received intraperitoneal injections of rat intravenous immunoglobulin in dose 0.5 g/kg from 12th to 15th day after induction of EAE; and the third group was a control group. We observed more rapid and full recovery from EAE in rats treated with intravenous immunoglobulin.

[Humoral autoimmune responses to neurospecific proteins in rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and immunomodulation with allogeneic nervous tissue]. / Doslidzhennia humoral'nykh autoimunnykh reaktsii do neirospetsyfichnykh bilkiv u razi eksperymental'noho alerhichnoho entsefalomiielitu na etapakh patohenzu ta imyhokorektsiï alohennoiu nervovoiu tkanynoiu.

Possible immunocorrective effect of the embryonic nervous tissue (NT) and using the model of an experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in treating patients with demyelinizing diseases is a prospective field of research. EAE was induced by immunization of rats with the mixture of the spinal cord and BCV at paw pillows. Immunocorrective effect of the allogenic NT was studied in the animals with EAE following the intraperitoneal injection of a newborn rat's NT, namely: enriched fractions of glial and neuronal cell populations. Both intact and EAE animals, treated with culture medium, were used as controls. The clinical signs appeared on 12-th day after EAE inducing. The severe clinical course of EAE was accompanied with statistically significant higher titers of the autoantibodies to MBP as compared with the mild clinical course. The results obtained evidence for the possible immunocorrective effect of enriched fractions of the newborn rat's nervous cells on EAE, and for immunosuppressive effect of the neuronal fraction of NT on the immunopathological processes in EAE.

[Use of amiksin in complex therapy of cerebral gliomas]. / Zastosuvannia amiksynu v kompleksnomu likuvanni hliomy holovnoho mozku.

Indices were studied for cell-bound immunity during administration of a multimodality therapy treatments with making use of amiksin in patients with glial tumours of the brain IV degree anaplasia. Processes of lymph formation and differentiation of lymphocytes into natural killer cells have been found out to return to normal. No total stimulating action was recorded of the drug that would lead to stimulation of progressive growth of gliomas.

[Modeling of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats and immunomodulation with allogeneic brain cells]. / Modeliuvannia eksperymental'noho alerhichnoho entsefalomiielitu u shchuriv i ioho korektsiia klitynamy alohennoho holovnoho mozku.

We studied the immunocorrective effect of the allogenic new-born brain cells on the model of rats experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was induced by the immunization of old rats spinal cord homogenate in Freund's adjuvant. Correction was carried on the 12-th, 14-th, 16-th day after the induction of the EAE by the intraperitoneum injection of rat's new-born brain fractions enriched with neurons and glial cells. A positive clinical effect was achieved by the employment of neurons (the stabilization of encephalomyelitis and the acceleration of the recovery). The glia correction was accompanied by the aggravation in the course of encephalomielitis and by extension of its clinical manifestation period. The obtained results testify to the existence of both an immunoregulative and a neurotrophic influence of the neuron fraction of the new-born brain cells. The mechanism of a corrective effect needs further special investigation.

[The characteristics of the immune disorders in primary and repeated craniocerebral trauma]. / Osoblyvosti imunnykh porushen' pry pervynnii ta povtornii cherepno-mozkovii travmi.

The immune shifts induced by initial and recurrent craniocerebral injuries were studied experimentally on white rats. It was found that in an initial injury the inhibition of cellular and humoral immunity occurred on the 1st posttraumatic day. In case of a recurrent injury taking place 30-40 days after an initial one, the alterations in cellular and humoral immunity were less pronounced. Autoimmune responses to the brain antigens were more intensive in a recurrent injury and could be revealed as soon as on the 1st posttraumatic day. It follows therefore that the results of this study evidence for the immune difference between initial and recurrent injuries.