[Main trends in the studies of diabetes mellitus epidemiology]. / Osnovnye napravleniia issledovanii épidemiologii sakharnogo diabeta.

At present there are three main research trends in the development of Russian epidemiology of diabetes mellitus: 1) study of the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its factors that have an influence on its occurrence and development in various economic geographic areas of the country; 2) examination of the prognosis of its occurrence, and 3) exploration of the natural history and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus under the natural living conditions of populations. The results of the epidemiological surveys which have been conducted since 1978 suggest that there are varying contrasting parameters in the spread of diabetes mellitus in different areas of the country, these are 0 to 4.1%. There is a relationship between diabetes mellitus and various factors, such as inheritance, obesity, dyslipoproteinemia, impaired carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, etc. There is a trend for diabetes mellitus to increase in the Russian Federation. Taking into account socioeconomic changes in our country, one cannot rule out the fact that the diabetes mellitus epidemiological situation and the pattern of its aggravation may change. So the studies in the third direction are acquiring its most importance.

[Relation between the indicators of temporary disability and risk factors of ischemic heart disease in male industrial workers (epidemiological study)]. / Sviaz' pokazatelei vremennoi netrudosposobnosti s faktorami riska ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa u muzhchin, rabotaiushchikh na promyshlennom predpriiatii (épidemiologicheskoe issledovanmie).

In 1986, a random sample of 400 males was examined at one of the Moscow enterprises. A registry developed at the enterprise was used to study risk factors for coronary heart disease such as arterial hypertension, smoking, obesity, and morbidity accompanied by temporary disability in 1986. The analysis showed that the major CHD risk factors: smoking, arterial hypertension, and obesity were significantly related to temporary disability parameters. The more "limited" criteria for hypertension, the closer relationship was to temporary disability in terms of both cardiovascular and other diseases. With these diseases, disability parameters in cases and days per 100 workers were significantly higher in smokers and ex-smokers than in non-smokers. The most relative risk for temporary disability was found in the ex-smokers as compared to smokers and non-smokers. The subjects with obesity were demonstrated to be at higher risk for temporary disability due to cardiovascular disease than those without it. No relation was found between temporary disability parameters and obesity for total morbidity.

[Experience in training subinterns in theory and practice of prevention]. / Opyt obucheniia subordinatorov teorii i praktike profilaktiki.

2380 workers have been screened and provided with findings of their health status and recommendations with regard to identified risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) and for CNCD themselves. The study of the influence of the training cycle on the attitude of students-subinterns toward preventive part of physician activity indicated the increase in the level of knowledge on prevention issues of CNCD and recognition of the necessity to include preventive measures into the activity of district physician. The experience gained in joint activities of the All-Union Research Centre for Industrial Medicine, The USSR Ministry of Health, and the Chair of out-patient medicine of the Kalinin Medical Institute suggests the need for improving the existing system of students training.

[Bicycle ergometry test and the work incapacity of men 40 to 59]. / Veloérgometricheskaia proba i netrudosposobnost' u muzhchin 40--59 let.

The purpose of the investigation was to study the relationship between indicators of the bicycle ergometry test and temporary disability degree in males aged 40 to 59 residing in the area of 2 district outpatient clinics in Moscow. Disability (temporary, stable) was studied by a method of standard interviewing. The bicycle ergometry test was applied to each patient using a standard scheme. The investigation showed an inverse ration between physical exercise tolerance and disability degree.

[Effect of the program of multifactorial prevention of ischemic heart disease on the disability of men aged 40-59 years (2-year follow-up)]. / Izmenenie netrudosposobnosti muzhchin v vozraste 40-59 let pod vliianiem programmy mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa (dvukhletnee nabliudenie).

A study was made of the effect of multifactorial prophylaxis of coronary heart disease (CHD) on the time course of the disability of men aged 40-59 years, living in the areas of 2 district polyclinics of the city of Moscow. In one of the polyclinics, active prophylaxis of CHD was carried out, whereas in the other one, the disease was treated by conventional methods. The disability (temporary and steady) was studied by means of standard questionnaires. During two years of a follow-up, the majority of disability indicators decreased in the group of subjects exposed to active multifactorial prophylaxis of CHD, whereas in the group of patients receiving conventional therapy, the time-course of these indicators appeared quite opposite.