ABSTRACT
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the urgent problems of health care, which is due to a constant trend of growth. One of the risk factors for the development of breast cancer is ionizing radiation (IR). Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have shown the high sensitivity of the mammary gland (MG) to this factor. Consideration of models of absolute and relative risks of the occurrence of radio-induced tumors of the MG in irradiated persons showed the importance of such factors as age at the time of irradiation, multiplicity. frequency of exposure, dose level and concomitant non-neoplastic diseases of the mammary and thyroid gland (TG). Excess radiation-induced cases of cervical cancer were found among irradiated women after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.Epidemiological features of the development of breast cancer under the influence of IV are presented in detail, which is one of the environmental factors involved in the formation of the modern carcinogenic situation. In con-nection with the significant sensitivity of the MG to the carcinogenic effect of IR, this form of neoplasms attracted special attention after the Chornobyl accident. The effect of small doses of radiation after the Chornobyl disaster led to a wave-like change in the incidence of breast cancer in certain periods of the year, and the radiation-induced incidence of this pathology can occur spontaneously.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced , Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/etiology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Radiation, Ionizing , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Risk Factors , Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology , Radiation DosageABSTRACT
The analysis of long-term researches of the pathological changes arising in soft tissues at patients with a breast cancer as a result of radical surgical treatment and adjuvant radiotherapy is carried out in work. The article shows that the standard approach to postoperative radiation therapy, which is based only on the prevalence of the primary tumor process is not always justified. Very often it leads to excessive radiation load on the patient's body and the development of local acute and chronic radiation reactions of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and other soft tissues.In this regard, the question of differentiated purpose of radiotherapy acquires special value first of all at patients with small primary prevalence of tumor process. The paper presents the results of studies to study changes in the anterior chest wall in patients with breast cancer. In relation to the conduct of adjuvant radiotherapy more often need to use the concept of personalized radiation therapy. Radical operation, post-radiation early and late pathological changes in soft tissues, disturbance of microcirculation of lymph and blood, disturbance of innervation of vessels of an upper extremity, peripheral nerves in system of a cervical and plexus plexus, leads to intensive degen-erative and dystrophic changes in soft tissues of the upper. and causes morphological changes in them and further progression of reflex neurovascular and neurodystrophic disorders. Based on the data of adverse effects of radio-therapy on the skin and surrounding tissues, as well as to reduce excessive radiation exposure to the patient's body, a differentiated approach to the appointment of adjuvant radiation therapy.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Radiation Injuries/etiology , Radiation Injuries/physiopathology , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects , Skin/physiopathology , Skin/radiation effects , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Risk AssessmentABSTRACT
There was studied the influence of medicinal preparations, created on the base of methylsiliconorganic matrix, on immediate and late follow-up result of treatment of more than 2000 patients with the digestive channel malignancy. High efficacy of application in complex of preoperative preparation of immobilized antibiotics and cytostatics, enterosorpent enterosgel for the purulent-inflammatory complications prophylaxis, lowering of bilirubin level in tumoral obturative jaundice, and in intraoperative usage for the tumor and metastases recurrences prophylaxis.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Gels/chemistry , Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate/chemistry , Silicic Acid/chemistry , Silicic Acid/therapeutic use , Silicon Dioxide/chemistry , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Silica Gel , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Analgesia/methods , Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Child , Cryosurgery , Cryotherapy , Humans , Pancreatitis/surgeryABSTRACT
Sorption properties of sarcolemma preparations isolated from skeletal muscles of normal and E-avitaminous rabbits were studied relative to organic ions. Analysis of isotherms of sarcolemma equilibrium binding of neutral red cations and turquoise direct lightfast "K" anions made it possible to determine the number of positively and negetively charged sorption centres, which fix the mentioned dyes. With E-avitaminous muscular dystrophy the number of the centres increases considerably. A larger number of the positively charged centres fixing the surquoise dye are found both in the control and in case of dystrophy. The calcium ions prevent the neutral red sorption and intensify the turquoise direct sorption. In the sarcolemma preparations isolated from the muscles of the E-avitaminous rabbits the content of calcium ions is almost twice as high and the number of sulphydryl groups is 30-40% less as compare to the normal level. The data presented evidence for structural changes in sarcolemma with E-avitaminous muscular dystrophy.
