[Research advances in the use of digital surgical guides in implantology].

Dental implants have become the main choice for patients to fill in their missing teeth. A precise placement is the basis for a functional and aesthetic restoration. A digital surgical guide is a carrier that transfers the preoperative plan of dental implants to the actual surgery. This paper provides some references that can help clinicians improve the accuracy of implant surgery by stating the development, classification, advantages and disadvantages, and factors that affect the accuracy of digital guides.

Comparison of Artemisiae argyi Folium and Artemisiae lavandulaefoliae Folium by simultaneous determination of multi-components with single reference standard method and chemometric analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Artemisiae argyi Folium and Artemisiae lavandulaefoliae Folium, two morphologically similar herbal medicines derived from Artemisia genus. Although the two Artemisia herbs have been used as medicines for a long time in China, the study of their phytochemical and bioactive composition is limited. OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively compare and evaluate the composition of Artemisiae argyi Folium and Artemisiae lavandulaefoliae Folium, and find the chemical makers for quality evaluation of the two Artemisia herbal medicines. METHODOLOGY: Eight compounds including six phenolic acids and two flavonoids were assayed by a single reference standard for simultaneous determination of multi-components method using 3-caffeoylquinic acid as the reference standard. The quantitative data were further analysed by chemometric approaches to compare and distinguish the two herbal medicines. RESULTS: The credibility and feasibility of the single reference standard for simultaneous determination of the multi-components method were carefully validated. The validated method was applied to analyse 16 batches of Artemisiae argyi Folium and 10 batches of Artemisiae lavandulaefoliae Folium samples. The quantitative results showed that 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid was the most abundant constituent, and the contents of flavonoids were notably different between the two herbal medicines. The chemometric analysis results indicated the two flavonoids, jaceosidin and eupatilin could be used as chemical markers for quality evaluation of the two herbal medicines. CONCLUSION: The single reference standard for simultaneous determination of the multi-components method coupled with chemometrics analysis could be a well-acceptable strategy to compare and evaluate the quality of Artemisiae argyi Folium and Artemisiae lavandulaefoliae Folium.

[Quality evaluation of Taraxaci Herba based on fingerprint analysis and quantitative analysis of multi-components].

Taraxaci Herba was derived from the dried Herba of Taraxacum mongolicum, T. borealisinense and several species from the Taraxacum genus. Taraxaci Herba has been widely used in traditional Chinese and folk medicines. According to the different growth and cultivation pattern, Taraxaci Herba could be divided into two species, wild Taraxaci Herba and cultivated Taraxaci Herba. In the present study, an accurate and reliable fingerprint approach was developed using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) for quality control of Taraxaci Herba. A total of 9 common peaks were marked, and the similarity of all the Taraxaci Herba samples was above 0.960. The established fingerprint method could be used for quality control of Taraxaci Herba. Furthermore, an HPLC method was established for simultaneous determination of six bioactive compounds, including monocaffeoyl tartaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, cichoric acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and luteolin in wild Taraxaci Herba and cultivated Taraxaci Herba. Moreover,chemometrics analysis such as principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were performed to compare and discriminate the wild samples and cultivated samples based on the quantitative data. The chemometrics results indicated that 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and luteolin were significant to effectively discriminate the wild Taraxaci Herba and cultivated Taraxaci Herba samples, and these two compounds could be recognized as chemical markers for quality evaluation of wild Taraxaci Herba and cultivated Taraxaci Herba. The fingerprint analysis and quantitative analysis of multi-components could be a well-acceptable strategy for evaluation the quality of Taraxaci Herba.

[Quality evaluation of Artemisiae Argyi Folium based on fingerprint analysis and quantitative analysis of multicomponents].

Artemisiae Argyi Folium, the dried leaves of Artemisia argyi, has been widely used in traditional Chinese and folk medicines for treatment of hemorrhage, pain, and skin itch. Phytochemical studies indicated that volatile oil, organic acid and flavonoids were the main bioactive components in Artemisiae Argyi Folium. Compared to the volatile compounds, the research of nonvolatile compounds in Artemisiae Argyi Folium are limited. In the present study, an accurate and reliable fingerprint approach was developed using HPLC for quality control of Artemisiae Argyi Folium. A total of 10 common peaks were marked，and the similarity of all the Artemisiae Argyi Folium samples was above 0.940. The established fingerprint method could be used for quality control of Artemisiae Argyi Folium. Furthermore, an HPLC method was applied for simultaneous determination of seven bioactive compounds including five organic acids and two flavonoids in Artemisiae Argyi Folium and Artemisiae Lavandulaefoliae Folium samples. Moreover, chemometrics methods such as hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis were performed to compare and discriminate the Artemisiae Argyi Folium and Artemisiae Lavandulaefoliae Folium based on the quantitative data of analytes. The results indicated that simultaneous quantification of multicomponents coupled with chemometrics analysis could be a well-acceptable strategy to identify and evaluate the quality of Artemisiae Argyi Folium.

[Research on topographic factors of ecology suitability regionalization of Bupleuri Radix in Hebei province].

To study the correlation between the content of saikosaponins ingredient of Bupleuri Radix and topographic factors, we researched the ecology suitability regionalization of topographic of Bupleuri Radix from Hebei province to provide a scientific basis for selecting artificial planting. Based on 43 samples of Bupleuri Radix from Hebei province, the variation of the content of saikosaponins in different conditions of topographic factors and the influence of slope, altitude and aspect were comprehensively analyzed by SPSS 21.0. Then we studied topographic factors of ecology suitability regionalization of Bupleuri Radix on the basis of the relationship between the saikosaponins and topographic factors by ArcGIS. The most suitable conditions of topographic for cultivation of saikosaponins are as follows：altitude 600 m above, slope 4.00-5.50 degrees, aspect to the sun. In Hebei province, it is suitable for growth of Bupleuri Radix in the Taihang Mountains and the Yanshan Mountains where the content of saikosaponins is higher.