Luminol-Eu3+-Gd3+-functionalized mesoporous silica for ultrasensitive detection of tetracycline antibiotics and smartphone-assisted sensing analysis.

An organic-inorganic hybrid nanoprobe, namely LML-D-SBA@Eu3+-Gd3+, was constructed, with SBA-15 acting as the carrier material, and luminol and Eu3+ acting as fluorescence channels to achieve ratiometric signals that eliminate external interference (accurate detection). Gd3+ was used as a sensitizer to amplify the red emission of Eu3+ (ultrasensitive detection). In TCs detection, the luminol emission at 428 nm was quenched due to the photoinduced electron transfer mechanism, and the Eu3+ emission at 617 nm was sensitized due to the synergistic energy transfer from TCs and Gd3+ to Eu3+. The fluorescence intensity at 617 and 428 nm showed ratiometric changes as indicated by notable color changes from blue to red. The detection limits for TC and OTC were 0.21 and 0.08 ng/mL, respectively. To realize a facile, rapid, and cost-effective detection, we constructed a portable intelligent sensing platform based on smartphones, and it demonstrated great potential for on-site detection of TCs.

Comprehensive analysis of the functions, prognostic and diagnostic values of RNA binding proteins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence has suggested that RNA binding protein (RBP) dysregulation plays an essential role during tumorigenesis. Here, we sought to explore the potential biological functions and clinical significance of RBP and develop diagnostic and prognostic signatures based on RBP in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS: The differently expressed RBPs between HNSCC samples and their normal counterparts were identified using the Limma package. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) images of several RBPs were collected from the Human Protein Atlas database. The diagnostic signature based on RBP was built by LASSO-logistic regression and random forest. The prognostic signature based on RBP was constructed by LASSO and stepwise Cox regression analysis in the training cohort and validated in the validation cohort. RESULTS: Eighty-four aberrantly expressed RBPs were obtained, comprising 41 up-regulated and 43 down-regulated RBPs. Seven RBP genes (CPEB3, PDCD4, ENDOU, PARP12, DNMT3B, IGF2BP1, EXO1) were identified as diagnostic-related hub genes. They were used to establish a diagnostic RBP signature risk score (DRBPS) model by the coefficients in least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-logistic regression analysis and showed high specificity and sensitivity in the training (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.998), and in all validation cohorts (AUC > 0.95 for all). Similarly, seven RBP genes (MKRN3, ZC3H12D, EIF5A2, AFF3, SIDT1, RBM24, and NR0B1) were identified as prognosis-associated hub genes by LASSO and stepwise multiple Cox regression analyses and were used to construct the prognostic model named as PRBPS. The AUC of the time-dependent receiver operator characteristic curve of the prognostic model was 0.664 at 3 years and 0.635 at 5 years in the training cohort and 0.720, 0.777 in the validation cohort, showing a favorable predictive efficacy for prognosis in HNSCC. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate the value of consideration of RBP in the diagnosis and prognosis for HNSCC and provide a novel insight into understanding the potential role of dysregulated RBP in HNSCC.

A structural model of EFL teachers' physical activity, emotion regulation, and competence for online teaching.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a rapid shift to online teaching, placing unprecedented demands on educators' physical and mental well-being. However, the relationship between English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers' physical activity, emotion regulation, and competence for online teaching remains underexplored. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the interplay between EFL teachers' physical activity, emotion regulation strategies, and competence for online teaching. RESULTS: Structural equation modeling revealed significant direct and indirect effects, indicating that physical activity positively influences emotion regulation, which, in turn, enhances teachers' competence for online instruction. Furthermore, emotion regulation was found to mediate the relationship between physical activity and online teaching competence. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the importance of promoting physical activity among EFL teachers as a means to enhance their emotion regulation skills and competence for online teaching, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. IMPLICATIONS: The study highlights the need for targeted interventions aimed at supporting EFL teachers' well-being and professional development, with implications for educational policies, teacher training programs, and institutional support structures in the digital learning landscape.

Span-based few-shot event detection via aligning external knowledge.

Few-shot Event Detection (FSED) aims to identify novel event types in new domains with very limited annotated data. Previous PN-based (Prototypical Network) joint methods suffer from insufficient learning of token-wise label dependency and inaccurate prototypes. To solve these problems, we propose a span-based FSED model, called SpanFSED, which decomposes FSED into two subprocesses, including span extractor and event classifier. In span extraction, we convert sequential labels into a global boundary matrix that enables the span extractor to acquire precise boundary information irrespective of label dependency. In event classification, we align event types with an outside knowledge base like FrameNet and construct an enhanced support set, which injects more trigger information into the prototypical network of event prototypes. The superior performance of SpanFSED is demonstrated through extensive experiments on four event detection datasets, i.e., ACE2005, ERE, MAVEN and FewEvent. Access to our code and data is facilitated through the following link: .

Evaluation of the horizontal approach to the medial malleolar facet in sagittal talar fractures through dorsiflexion and plantarflexion positions.

BACKGROUND: Talar fractures often require osteotomy during surgery to achieve reduction and screw fixation of the fractured fragments due to limited visualization and operating space of the talar articular surface. The objective of this study was to evaluate the horizontal approach to the medial malleolus facet by maximizing exposure through dorsiflexion and plantarflexion positions. METHODS: In dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, and functional foot positions, we respectively obtained the anterior and posterior edge lines of the projection of the medial malleolus on the medial malleolar facet. The talar model from Mimics was imported into Geomagic software for image refinement. Then Solidworks software was used to segment the medial surface of the talus and extend the edge lines from the three positions to project them onto the "semicircular" base for 2D projection. The exposed area in different positions, the percentage of total area it represents, and the anatomic location of the insertion point at the groove between the anteroposternal protrusions of the medial malleolus were calculated. RESULTS: The mean total area of the "semicircular" region on the medial malleolus surface of the talus was 542.10 ± 80.05 mm2. In the functional position, the exposed mean area of the medial malleolar facet around the medial malleolus both anteriorly and posteriorly was 141.22 ± 24.34 mm2, 167.58 ± 22.36mm2, respectively. In dorsiflexion, the mean area of the posterior aspect of the medial malleolar facet was 366.28 ± 48.12 mm2. In plantarflexion, the mean of the anterior aspect of the medial malleolar facet was 222.70 ± 35.32 mm2. The mean overlap area of unexposed area in both dorsiflexion and plantarflexion was 23.32 ± 5.94 mm2. The mean percentage of the increased exposure area in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion were 36.71 ± 3.25% and 15.13 ± 2.83%. The mean distance from the insertion point to the top of the talar dome was 10.69 ± 1.24 mm, to the medial malleolus facet border of the talar trochlea was 5.61 ± 0.96 mm, and to the tuberosity of the posterior tibiotalar portion of the deltoid ligament complex was 4.53 ± 0.64 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Within the 3D model, we measured the exposed area of the medial malleolus facet in different positions and the anatomic location of the insertion point at the medial malleolus groove. When the foot is in plantarflexion or dorsiflexion, a sufficiently large area and operating space can be exposed during surgery. The data regarding the exposed visualization area and virtual screws need to be combined with clinical experience for safer reduction and fixation of fracture fragments. Further validation of its intraoperative feasibility will require additional clinical research.

Nanowire-assisted electroporation via inducing cell destruction for inhibiting formation of VBNC bacteria: Comparison with chlorination.

The induction of viable but nonculturable (VBNC) bacteria with cellular integrity and low metabolic activity by chemical disinfection causes a significant underestimation of potential microbiological risks in drinking water. Herein, a physical Co3O4 nanowire-assisted electroporation (NW-EP) was developed to induce cell damage via the locally enhanced electric field over nanowire tips, potentially achieving effective inhibition of VBNC cells as compared with chemical chlorination (Cl2). NW-EP enabled over 5-log removal of culturable cell for various G+/G- bacteria under voltage of 1.0 V and hydraulic retention time of 180 s, and with ∼3-6 times lower energy consumption than Cl2. NW-EP also achieved much higher removals (∼84.6 % and 89.5 %) of viable Bacillus cereus (G+) and Acinetobacter schindleri (G-) via generating unrecoverable pores on cell wall and reversible/irreversible pores on cell membrane than Cl2 (∼28.6 % and 41.1 %) with insignificant cell damage. The residual VBNC bacteria with cell wall damage and membrane pore resealing exhibited gradual inactivation by osmotic stress, leading to ∼99.8 % cell inactivation after 24 h storage (∼59.4 % for Cl2). Characterizations of cell membrane integrity and cell morphology revealed that osmotic stress promoted cell membrane damage for the gradual inactivation of VBNC cells during storage. The excellent adaptability of NW-EP for controlling VBNC cells in DI, tap and lake waters suggested its promising application potentials for drinking water, such as design of an external device on household taps.

Construction of 5-Fluorouracil and Gallium Corrole Conjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy.

Molecular hybridization is a well-established strategy for developing new drugs. In the pursuit of promising photosensitizers (PSs) with enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiency, a series of novel 5-fluorouracil (5FU) gallium corrole conjugates (1-Ga-4-Ga) were designed and synthesized by hybridizing a chemotherapeutic drug and PSs. Their photodynamic antitumor activity was also evaluated. The most active complex (2-Ga) possesses a low IC50 value of 0.185 µM and a phototoxic index of 541 against HepG2 cells. Additionally, the 5FU-gallium corrole conjugate (2-Ga) exhibited a synergistic increase in cytotoxicity under irradiation. Excitedly, treatment of HepG2 tumor-bearing mice with 2-Ga under irradiation could completely ablate tumors without harming normal tissues. 2-Ga-mediated PDT could disrupt mitochondrial function, cause cell cycle arrest in the sub-G1 phase, and activate the cell apoptosis pathway by upregulating the cleaved PARP expression and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. This work provides a useful strategy for the design of new corrole-based chemo-photodynamic therapy drugs.

Adsorption Potential, Speciation Transformation, and Risk Assessment of Hg-, Cd-, and Pb-Contaminated Soils Using Biochar in Combination with Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate.

The objective of this study is to develop a remediation technology for composited heavy metal-contaminated soil. Biochars (BC300, BC400, and BC500) derived from corn were combined with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) to immobilize and remove heavy metal ions, including mercury (Hg2+), cadmium (Cd2+), and lead (Pb2+). The adsorption kinetics of metal ions in aqueous solutions with different concentrations was tested, and the fitting effects of the two models were compared. The findings demonstrate that the joint application of biochar and KH2PO4 could markedly enhance the immobilization efficacy of Pb2+, whereas the utilization of KH2PO4 on its own exhibited a more pronounced immobilization impact on Cd2+. Furthermore, the present study underscores the shortcomings of various remediation techniques that must be taken into account when addressing heavy metal-contaminated soils. It also emphasizes the value of comprehensive remediation techniques that integrate multiple remediation agents. This study offers a novel approach and methodology for addressing the intricate and evolving challenges posed by heavy metal contamination in soil. Its practical value and potential for application are significant.

METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of SLC38A1 stimulates cervical cancer growth.

The objective of this study was to better characterize the role of the glutamine transporter SLC38A1 in cervical cancer and explore the underlying mechanisms. Data from public databases and clinical cervical cancer tissue samples were used to assess the expression of SLC38A1 and its prognostic significance. Immunohistochemical staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expression of relevant genes and proteins. Cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and intracellular glutamine content were measured using CCK-8, flow cytometry, and biochemical assays. Additionally, the RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay was used to examine the impact of METTL3/IGF2BP3 on the m6A modification of the SLC38A1 3'UTR. Both cervical cancer specimens and cells showed significantly increased expression of SLC38A1 and its expression correlated with an unfavorable prognosis. Knockdown of SLC38A1 inhibited cell viability and cell cycle progression, induced apoptosis, and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Glutaminase-1 inhibitor CB-839 reversed the effects of SLC38A1 overexpression. METTL3 promoted m6A modification of SLC38A1 and enhanced its mRNA stability through IGF2BP3 recruitment. Moreover, METTL3 silencing inhibited cell viability, cell cycle progression, intracellular glutamine content, and induced apoptosis, but these effects were reversed by SLC38A1 overexpression. In conclusion, METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of SLC38A1 stimulates cervical cancer progression. SLC38A1 inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer.

Cell division cyclin 25C knockdown inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma development by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress.

BACKGROUND: Cell division cyclin 25C (CDC25C) is a protein that plays a critical role in the cell cycle, specifically in the transition from the G2 phase to the M phase. Recent research has shown that CDC25C could be a potential therapeutic target for cancers, particularly for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the specific regulatory mechanisms underlying the role of CDC25C in HCC tumorigenesis and development remain incompletely understood. AIM: To explore the impact of CDC25C on cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as its regulatory mechanisms in HCC development. METHODS: Hepa1-6 and B16 cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector containing shRNA interference sequences (LV-CDC25C shRNA) to knock down CDC25C. Subsequently, a xenograft mouse model was established by subcutaneously injecting transduced Hepa1-6 cells into C57BL/6 mice to assess the effects of CDC25C knockdown on HCC development in vivo. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 cell proliferation assays and wound healing assays, respectively. The expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related molecules (glucose-regulated protein 78, X-box binding protein-1, and C/EBP homologous protein) was measured in both cells and subcutaneous xenografts using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Additionally, apoptosis was investigated using flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. RESULTS: CDC25C was stably suppressed in Hepa1-6 and B16 cells through LV-CDC25C shRNA transduction. A xenograft model with CDC25C knockdown was successfully established and that downregulation of CDC25C expression significantly inhibited HCC growth in mice. CDC25C knockdown not only inhibited cell proliferation and migration but also significantly increased the ER stress response, ultimately promoting ER stress-induced apoptosis in HCC cells. CONCLUSION: The regulatory mechanism of CDC25C in HCC development may involve the activation of ER stress and the ER stress-induced apoptosis signaling pathway.

Quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol anion exchange membrane enhanced by functionalized attapulgite clay with an ionic "chain-ball" surface structure.

Biomass chitosan has garnered considerable interest for alkaline anion exchange membranes (AEMs) due to its eco-friendly and sustainable characteristics, low reactant permeability and easily modifiable nature, but it still faces the trade-off between high hydroxide conductivity and sufficient mechanical properties. Herein, a novel functionalized attapulgite clay (f-ATP) with a unique ionic "chain-ball" surface structure was prepared and incorporated with quaternized chitosan (QCS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix to fabricate high-performance composite AEMs. Due to the strengthened interfacial bonding between f-ATP nanofillers and the QCS/PVA matrix, composite membranes are synergistically reinforced and toughened, achieving peak tensile strength and elongation at break of 24.62 MPa and 33.8 %. Meanwhile, abundant ion pairs on f-ATP surface facilitate ion transport in the composite AEMs, with the maximum OH- conductivity of 46 mS cm-1 at 80 °C and the highest residual IEC of 83 % after alkaline treatment for 120 h. Moreover, the assembled alkaline direct methanol fuel cell exhibits a remarkable power density of 49.3 mW cm-2 at 80 °C. This work provides a new strategy for fabricating high-performance anion exchange membranes.

A case report of classic galactosemia with a GALT gene variant and a literature review.

BACKGROUND: Galactosemia is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from an enzyme defect in the galactose metabolic pathway. The most severe manifestation of classic galactosemia is caused by galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) deficiency, and this condition can be fatal during infancy if left untreated. It also may result in long-term complications in affected individuals. CASE PRESENTATION: This report describes a patient whose initial clinical symptoms were jaundice and liver dysfunction. The patient's liver and coagulation functions did not improve after multiple admissions and treatment with antibiotics, hepatoprotective and choleretic agents and blood transfusion. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of two variants in the GALT gene in the compound heterozygous state: c.377 + 2dup and c.368G > C (p.Arg123Pro). Currently, the variant locus (c.377 + 2dup) in the GALT gene has not been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), while c.368G > C (p.Arg123Pro) has not been reported in the Genome Aggregation Database (GnomAD) nor the HGMD in East Asian population. We postulated that the two variants may contribute to the development of classical galactosemia. CONCLUSIONS: Applications of whole-exome sequencing to detect the two variants can improve the detection and early diagnosis of classical galactosemia and, more specifically, may identify individuals who are compound heterozygous with variants in the GALT gene. Variants in the GALT gene have a potential therapeutic significance for classical galactosemia.

PD-1/CD80+ small extracellular vesicles from immunocytes induce cold tumours featured with enhanced adaptive immunosuppression.

Only a minority of cancer patients benefit from immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Sophisticated cross-talk among different immune checkpoint pathways as well as interaction pattern of immune checkpoint molecules carried on circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEV) might contribute to the low response rate. Here we demonstrate that PD-1 and CD80 carried on immunocyte-derived sEVs (I-sEV) induce an adaptive redistribution of PD-L1 in tumour cells. The resulting decreased cell membrane PD-L1 expression and increased sEV PD-L1 secretion into the circulation contribute to systemic immunosuppression. PD-1/CD80+ I-sEVs also induce downregulation of adhesion- and antigen presentation-related molecules on tumour cells and impaired immune cell infiltration, thereby converting tumours to an immunologically cold phenotype. Moreover, synchronous analysis of multiple checkpoint molecules, including PD-1, CD80 and PD-L1, on circulating sEVs distinguishes clinical responders from those patients who poorly respond to anti-PD-1 treatment. Altogether, our study shows that sEVs carry multiple inhibitory immune checkpoints proteins, which form a potentially targetable adaptive loop to suppress antitumour immunity.

Comparison of the upper and lower airway microbiome in early postoperative lung transplant recipients.

The upper and lower respiratory tract may share microbiome because they are directly continuous, and the nasal microbiome contributes partially to the composition of the lung microbiome. But little is known about the upper and lower airway microbiome of early postoperative lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we compared paired nasal swab (NS) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) microbiome from 17 early postoperative LTRs. The microbiome between the two compartments were significantly different in Shannon diversity and beta diversity. Four and eight core NS-associated and BALF-associated microbiome were identified, respectively. NS samples harbored more Corynebacterium, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas, while BALF contained more Ralstonia, Stenotrophomonas, Enterococcus, and Pedobacter. The within-subject dissimilarity was higher than the between-subject dissimilarity, indicating a greater impact of sampling sites than sampling individuals on microbial difference. There were both difference and homogeneity between NS and BALF microbiome in early postoperative LTRs. High levels of pathogens were detected in both samples, suggesting that both of them can reflect the diseases characteristics of transplanted lung. The differences between upper and lower airway microbiome mainly come from sampling sites instead of sampling individuals. IMPORTANCE: Lung transplantation is the only therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease, but its outcome is much worse than other solid organ transplants. Little is known about the NS and BALF microbiome of early postoperative LTRs. Here, we compared paired samples of the nasal and lung microbiome from 17 early postoperative LTRs and showed both difference and homogeneity between the two samples. Most of the "core" microbiome in both NS and BALF samples were recognized respiratory pathogens, suggesting that both samples can reflect the diseases characteristics of transplanted lung. We also found that the differences between upper and lower airway microbiome in early postoperative LTRs mainly come from sampling sites instead of sampling individuals.

A comparative study of the hypolipidemic effects and mechanisms of action of Laminaria japonica- and Ascophyllum nodosum-derived fucoidans in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

The structural characteristics of fucoidans exhibit species and regional diversity. Previous studies have demonstrated that Laminaria japonica- and Ascophyllum nodosum-derived fucoidans have type I and type II fucosyl chains, respectively. These chemical differences may contribute to distinct hypolipidemic effects and mechanisms of action. Chemical analysis demonstrated that the percentage contents of sulfate, glucuronic acid, and galactose were higher in L. japonica-derived fucoidans than those of A. nodosum-derived fucoidans. In hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, both A. nodosum- and L. japonica-derived fucoidans significantly decreased the plasma and hepatic levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, leading to the reduction of atherosclerotic plaques. Western blotting experiments demonstrated that these fucoidans significantly enhanced the expression and levels of scavenger receptor B type 1, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase A1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, contributing to circulating lipoprotein clearance and fatty acid degradation, respectively. Differentially, L. japonica-derived fucoidan significantly increased the LXR/ATP-binding cassette G8 signaling pathway in the small intestine, as revealed by real-time quantitative PCR, which may lead to further cholesterol and other lipid excretion. Collectively, these data are useful for understanding the hypolipidemic mechanisms of action of seaweed-derived fucoidans, and their potential application for the prevention and/or treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

SIRT5 exacerbates eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis through promoting polarization of M2 macrophage.

BACKGROUND: Previous study implied that local M2 polarization of macrophage promoted mucosal edema and exacerbates Th2 type inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, the specific pathogenic role of M2 macrophages and the intrinsic regulators in the development of CRS remains elusive. OBJECTIVE: We thought to investigate the regulatory role of SIRT5 in the polarization of M2 macrophages and its potential contribution to the development of CRSwNP. METHODS: RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses were performed to examine the expression levels of SIRT5 and markers of M2 macrophages in sinonasal mucosa samples obtained from both CRS and control groups. Wild-type and Sirt5 knockout mice were used to establish nasal polyp model with Th2 inflammation and investigate the effects of SIRT5 in macrophages on disease development. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were conducted to elucidate the regulatory role of SIRT5 in polarization of M2 macrophages. RESULTS: Clinical investigations showed that SIRT5 was highly expressed and positively correlated with M2 macrophages markers in eosinophilic polyps. The expression of SIRT5 in M2 macrophages was found to contribute to the development of the disease, which was impaired in Sirt5 deficiency mice. Mechanistically, SIRT5 was shown to enhance the alternative polarization of macrophages through promoting glutaminolysis. CONCLUSIONS: SIRT5 plays a crucial role in promoting the development of CRSwNP by supporting the alternative polarization of macrophage and thus provides a potential target for CRSwNP interventions.

Research advances in Zein-based nano-delivery systems.

Zein is the main vegetable protein from maize. In recent years, Zein has been widely used in pharmaceutical, agriculture, food, environmental protection, and other fields because it has excellent biocompatibility and biosafety. However, there is still a lack of systematic review and research on Zein-based nano-delivery systems. This paper systematically reviews preparation and modification methods of Zein-based nano-delivery systems, based on the basic properties of Zein. It discusses the preparation of Zein nanoparticles and the influencing factors in detail, as well as analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods and summarizing modification methods of Zein nanoparticles. This study provides a new idea for the research of Zein-based nano-delivery system and promotes its application.

[Application of acellular dermal matrix in prevention of laryngeal stenosis in glottic carcinoma].

Objective:To investigate the effect of acellular dermal matrix in preventing laryngeal stenosis in glottic carcinoma patients. Methods:Fifty-five patients with glottic carcinoma（T2, T3） from February 2018 to December 2022 were divided into experimental group（28 cases） and control group（27 cases） according to their wishes. Acellular dermal matrix was placed in the operation cavity in the experimental group after laryngofission, while control group 12 cases were sutured by pulling the upper and lower edges, 15 cases were repaired with sternohyoid muscle fascia flap. Results:In the experimental group, 1 case had laryngeal stenosis caused by laryngeal mucosa swelling after operation, and extubated successfully after symptomatic treatment. In the control group, 7 cases had laryngeal stenosis after operation, of which 3 cases were caused by granulation tissue hyperplasia in laryngeal cavity, and extubated after symptomatic treatment. 2 cases extubated after operation suffered from progressive dyspnea during radiotherapy, and underwent tracheotomy again, extubation successful after treatment. 2 cases caused by laryngeal mucosa swelling, after symptomatic treatment, one case was successfully extubated, and one case had long-term intubation. The laryngeal stenosis rate of the experimental group was 3.6%（1/28） , which was lower than control group 25.9%（7/27）, and the therapeutic effect of the experimental group was significantly better than control group （χ²=5.526, P=0.019）. Conclusion:Implanting acellular dermal matrix in the operation cavity of glottic carcinoma can reduce the occurrence of laryngeal stenosis and have satisfactory preventive effect on laryngeal stenosis.

[Research advances on B-cell activating factor and its targeted agents in inflammatory bowel disease]. / Bç»†èƒžæ¿€æ´»å› å­åŠå ¶é¶å‘è¯ç‰©ä¸Žç‚Žç—‡æ€§è‚ ç— çš„ç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•.

B-cell activating factor (BAFF), a critical regulator of B cells, is involved in various autoimmune diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic and recurrent intestinal inflammatory disorders with unclear etiology, and its global incidence has been increasing in recent years. Abnormal immune responses triggered by multiple factors are closely related to the pathogenesis of IBD. Previous studies have confirmed the association of B-cell abnormal activation and increased production of autoantibodies with the development of ulcerative colitis. However, the involvement of BAFF in the mechanisms of IBD remains unclear. This review summarizes the potential role of BAFF in the pathogenesis of IBD and provides an overview of targeted therapies on BAFF in IBD, aiming to contribute insights for targeted treatments of IBD.

Partial substitution of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer increases yield, quality and nitrogen utilization of Dioscorea polystachya.

This field experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different ratios of organic and inorganic fertilizers with maintaining equal nitrogen application rates on the yield, quality, and nitrogen uptake efficiency of Dioscorea polystachya (yam). Six treatments were set, including a control without fertilizer (CK), sole application of chemical fertilizer (CF), sole application of organic fertilizer (OM), 25% organic fertilizer + 75% chemical fertilizer (25%OM + 75%CF), 50% organic fertilizer + 50% chemical fertilizer (50%OM + 50%CF), and 75% organic fertilizer + 25% chemical fertilizer (75%OM + 25%CF). The experiment followed a randomized complete block design with three replications. Various yield parameters, morphology, quality indicators, and nitrogen utilization were analyzed to assess the differences among treatments. The results indicated that all fertilizer treatments significantly increased the yield, morphology, quality indicators, and nitrogen utilization efficiency compared to the control. Specifically, 25%OM + 75%CF achieved the highest yield of 31.96 t hm-2, which was not significantly different from CF (30.18 t hm-2). 25%OM + 75%CF exhibited the highest values at 69.23 cm in tuber length and 75.86% in commodity rate, 3.14% and 1.57% higher than CF respectively. Tuber thickness and fresh weight of 25%OM + 75%CF showed no significant differences from CF, while OM and 50%OM+50%CF exhibited varying degrees of reduction compared to CF. Applying fertilizer significantly enhanced total sugar, starch, crude protein, total amino acid, and ash contents of D. polystachya (except ash content between CK and OM). Applying organic fertilizer increased the total sugar, starch, crude protein, total amino acid, and ash contents in varying degrees when compared with CF. The treatment with 25%OM+75%CF exhibited the highest increases of 6.31%, 3.78%, 18.40%, 29.70%, and 10%, respectively. Nitrogen content in different plant parts followed the sequence of tuber > leaves > stems > aerial stem, with the highest nitrogen accumulation observed in 25%OM + 75%CF treatment. Nitrogen harvest index did not show significant differences among treatments, fluctuating between 0.69 and 0.74. The nitrogen apparent utilization efficiency was highest in 25%OM + 75%CF (9.89%), followed by CF (9.09%), both significantly higher than OM (5.32%) and 50%OM + 50%CF (6.69%). The nitrogen agronomic efficiency varied significantly among treatments, with 25%OM + 75%CF (33.93 kg kg-1) being the highest, followed by CF (29.68 kg kg-1), 50%OM + 50%CF (21.82 kg kg-1), and OM (11.85 kg kg-1). Nitrogen partial factor productivity was highest in 25%OM + 75%CF treatment (76.37 kg kg-1), followed by CF (72.11 kg kg-1), both significantly higher than 50%OM + 50%CF (64.25 kg kg-1) and OM (54.29 kg kg-1), with OM exhibiting significantly lower values compared to other treatments. In conclusion, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers can effectively enhance the yield, quality, and nitrogen utilization efficiency of D. polystachya. Particularly, the treatment with 25% organic fertilizer and 75% chemical fertilizer showed the most promising results.