Association of dietary oxidative balance score and sleep duration with the risk of mortality: prospective study in a representative US population.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between dietary oxidative balance score (DOBS) and mortality and whether this association can be modified by sleep duration. DESIGN: We calculated DOBS to estimate the overall oxidative effects of the diet, with higher DOBS reflecting more antioxidant intake and less pro-oxidant intake. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine the associations between DOBS and all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality in the general population and people with different sleep durations. SETTING: Prospective analysis was conducted using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2015). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 15 991 US adults with complete information on dietary intake, sleep duration and mortality were included. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 7·4 years, 1675 deaths were observed. Participants in the highest quartile of DOBS were significantly associated with the lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 0·75; 95 % CI 0·61, 0·93) compared with those in the lowest. Furthermore, we found statistically significant interactions between DOBS and sleep duration on all-cause mortality (P interaction = 0·021). The inverse association between DOBS and all-cause mortality was significant in short sleepers (HR = 0·66, 95 % CI 0·48, 0·92), but not in normal and long sleepers. CONCLUSIONS: Our study observed that higher DOBS was associated with lower all-cause mortality, and this association appeared to be stronger among short sleepers. This study provides nutritional guidelines for improving health outcomes in adults, especially for short sleepers.

The influence of cross-regional medical treatment on total medical expenses, medical insurance payments, and out-of-pocket expenses of patients with malignant tumors in Chinese low-income areas.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, due to the increasing number of cross-regional medical patients, countries around the world have issued a series of policies or regulations to reduce their out-of-pocket burden. In this context, this study intended to explore the impact of the Spatio-temporal characteristics of cross-regional medical treatment on total medical expenses, medical insurance payments, and out-of-pocket expenses of patients with malignant tumors in low-income areas. METHODS: This study included 54,904 data of cross-provincial medical treatment of malignant tumor patients insured in Heilongjiang Province, China in 2020. Firstly, Microsoft Excel 2019 and ArcGIS 10.2 were applied to conduct a descriptive analysis of the Spatio-temporal characteristics of their cross-provincial medical treatment. Then, binary and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the specific impact of economic level and geographical distance of medical regions on total medical expenses, medical insurance payments, and out-of-pocket expenses. RESULTS: The number of cross-regional medical patients showed a gradual upward trend from February to December, and fell back in January. They were concentrated in regions with high economic level and short distance from the insured region, where were more likely to form the group with high out-of-pocket expenses (AOR = 3.620, P < 0.001; AOR = 1.882, P < 0.001). While this possibility in middle-distance medical regions were less (AOR = 0.545, P < 0.001). Afterwards, two sensitivity analysis methods showed that the results were robust. CONCLUSION: The number of cross-regional medical patients with malignant tumors in low-income areas is affected by seasonal factors, meanwhile, their total medical expenses, actual medical insurance payment levels, and out-of-pocket expenses are all affected by the economic level and geographical distance of medical regions. And the middle-distance medical regions may be the best choice for patients with planned cross-regional medical treatment. These provide some evidence for policymakers to improve the fairness and sustainability of medical security for cross-regional medical patients and reduce their direct economic burden of disease.

Metabolomics study on liver of db/db mice treated with curcumin using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS.

A metabolomics method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was applied to study the metabolic changes of liver in db/db mice administered with curcumin. After one week of acclimating to feeding, 20 db/db mice were randomly divided into two groups: curcumin non-treatment group and curcumin treatment group. After eight weeks of treatment, plasma and liver were collected for biochemical analysis and metabolomics analysis, as well as liver oxidative stress and histopathology examination. Serum biochemical indicators such as blood glucose, triglycerides, fasting insulin, and aspartate aminotransferase decreased significantly in the curcumin treatment group compared to the curcumin non-treatment group, whereas hepatic pathological levels and antioxidation levels improved. There were several different potential biomarkers in two groups, including sphingomyelin (SM) (d18:0/20:0), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (22n-6) (DPAn-6), arachidonic acid (AA), dihomo-gamma- linolenic acid (DGLA), leukotriene C4 (LTC4), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) (16:1(9Z)/0:0), LysoPE (18:1(9Z)/0:0), LysoPE (0:0/18:0), LysoPE (0:0/20:1(11Z)), LysoPE (20:1(11Z)/0:0), 3-sulfinoalanine, alpha-tocotrienol (α-T3) and pantetheine 4'-phosphate (4'-PP). The mechanism might be related to biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. The effects of curcumin on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) include antioxidant, delaying development of T2DM, preventing ß-cell death, decreasing insulin resistance, alleviating hepatic damage, and improving metabolic disturbances. Our results provide novel insights and ideas for prevention and treatment of curcumin on T2DM and its complications.