ABSTRACT
More and more evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as a kind of non-coding endogenous single-stranded RNA, play an essential role as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in the occurrence and development of human cancers. The tumour protein P73 antisense RNA 1 (TP73-AS1) was initially found to be down-regulated in oligodendroglioma and may act as a non-protein-encoding RNA. Since its discovery, TP73-AS1 has been identified as a carcinogenic regulator of many malignancies. At the same time, the high expression of TP73-AS1 is related to the clinicopathological features of patients with cancer. It also regulates cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, invasion and metastasis through a variety of potential mechanisms, suggesting that it may be a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer. In this review, we summarize the biological functions, mechanisms, and potential clinical implications of TP73-AS1 dysregulation in tumourigenesis and progression.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms/genetics , RNA, Antisense/physiology , RNA, Long Noncoding/physiology , Tumor Protein p73/genetics , Apoptosis , Carcinogenesis/genetics , Cell Proliferation , Disease Progression , Humans , Neoplasm Invasiveness , RNA, Antisense/metabolismABSTRACT
Fifteen new seco-pregnane steroidal glycosides cynanosides A-O (1-15) together with twenty-seven known ones were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum atratum. The structures of 1-15 were determined by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data. The anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of these steroidal glycosides was screened by the conventional half-leaf method, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot methods, most of them showed potent anti-TMV activity. Among them, compounds 1, 7, 13, 28 and 31 showed significantly anti-TMV activity with an IC50 value of 20.5, 18.6, 22.0, 19.2 and 22.2 µg/mL, respectively, and were much more effective than the positive control, ningnanmycin (IC50=49.6 µg/mL).
Subject(s)
Phytosterols/isolation & purification , Saponins/isolation & purification , Secosteroids/isolation & purification , Tobacco Mosaic Virus/drug effects , Vincetoxicum/chemistry , Antiviral Agents/chemistry , Antiviral Agents/isolation & purification , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Glycosides/chemistry , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Glycosides/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Phytosterols/chemistry , Phytosterols/pharmacology , Plant Diseases , Plant Roots/chemistry , Saponins/chemistry , Saponins/pharmacology , Secosteroids/chemistry , Secosteroids/pharmacology , Nicotiana/virologyABSTRACT
Five new limonoids, named munronoids K-O (1-5), together with three known limonoids were isolated from Munronia unifoliola Oliv. These limonoids were involved in the skeletons of evodulone, gedunin, and peieurianin types of limonoids, and their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compound 5 featuring a γ-lactone ring instead of the ß-substituted furan ring was found in the peieurianin type for the first time. The antitobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activities of compounds 1-8 were also evaluated with half-leaf, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot methods, and limonoids 1, 5, and 8 showed stronger anti-TMV treatment activities than the positive control ningnanmycin. Six compounds (1-5 and 8) exhibited infection inhibition activities against TMV.
