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Obes Facts ; 12(2): 190-198, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30928977

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to compare gut hormone secretion between high-fat-fed and control rats, and to examine the corresponding changes in the expression of sweet taste receptors and glucose transporters in the small intestine and hypothalamus. METHODS: Four-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a standard or high-fat diet for 8 weeks (10 in each group), followed by an oral glucose tolerance test (50% glucose solution, 2 g/kg). Blood was sampled for glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and polypeptide YY (PYY) assays. One week later, small intestinal and hypothalamic tissue were analyzed for sweet taste receptor and glucose transporter expression by real-time PCR. RESULTS: After oral glucose, plasma GLP-1 concentrations were higher in high-fat-fed than standard-fat-fed rats (group × time interaction, p < 0.01) with significant differences at t = 15 min (p < 0.01) and 30 min (p < 0.05). Plasma PYY concentrations were lower in high-fat-fed than control rats at t = 0, 15 min (p < 0.05, respectively) and 120 min (p < 0.01). There were no differences in the expression of sweet taste receptors or glucose transporters between high-fat-fed and control rats in the duodenum, ileum, or hypothalamus. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in GLP-1 and PYY secretion after a high-fat diet appear unrelated to any changes in the expression of sweet taste receptors or glucose transporters. Impaired PYY secretion with high-fat feeding suggests that PYY analogues may provide a potential therapy in the treatment of obesity.


Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Hormones/metabolism , Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative/genetics , Glucose/metabolism , Obesity , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics , Taste , Animals , Diet, High-Fat , Gastrointestinal Hormones/genetics , Gene Expression , Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/blood , Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism , Glucose Tolerance Test , Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative/metabolism , Ileum/metabolism , Insulin/blood , Male , Obesity/blood , Obesity/genetics , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/pathology , Peptide YY/blood , Peptide YY/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism , Taste/genetics , Taste Perception/genetics
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