[Effects of low intensity resistance training of blood flow restriction with different occlusion pressure on lower limb muscle and cardiopulmonary function of college students].

Objective: The study compared the effects of low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) with different occlusion pressure on lower limb muscle and cardiopulmonary function. Methods: Twenty-seven college students were randomly divided into three groups by different occlusion pressure: 0 mmHg (group C), 120 mmHg (group L) and 180 mmHg (group H). Before and after training (3 times a week for 12 weeks) with an inflatable cuff (20% 1RM, half squat), the muscle thickness(MTH)of rectus femoris and medius femoris, relative peak knee extensor moment(rM), peak power(P), relative maximal oxygen uptake(rVO2max), stroke volume(SV), cardiac output(CO), ejection fraction(EF) and other indicators were measured for all subjects. Results: When compared with pre-training, and rectus femoris, the MTH of medius femoris, rM, rVO2max, SV, CO and EF were significantly increased in group L and group H after 12 weeks training(P＜0.05, P＜0.01), as well as compared with group C after training(P＜0.05, P＜0.01). There was no significant difference between group L and group H after training. Conclusion: BFR training protocols under 120 mmHg or 180 mmHg pressure were effective in improving muscle and cardiopulmonary function.

[The effects of 10-week core strength training on the body balance in the middle-aged men].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of core strength training on the body balance of middle-aged men, which could provide evidence for improving the body balance and reducing the risk of falls in the middle-aged men. METHODS: Sixteen 50~60 years old men were randomly divided into experimental group (core strength training, n=8) and control group(n=8). Intermittent core strength trainings were used for dynamic and static training, push-pull training and unarmed lower limb strength training by suspension ropes and yoga mat. The time for training was 50~60 min/day, 4~5 times/week for a total of 10 weeks. The men in control group remained their original living habits. We measured the ability of body static balance and dynamic balance before and after the core strength training. RESULTS: ① Compared with before exercise training, both closed single foot standing time and the body dynamic balance were increased significantly in the experimental group after exercise training(P<0.01)(10.63±1.69 s vs 9.00±2.27 s; 77.38±10.94 vs 89.50±5.53). ② Compared with before exercise training, star excursion balance test(SEBT) values were significantly increased in the left leg(the right leg support) in eight directions and the right leg(the left leg support)in six directions (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Ten-week core strength training can significantly increase the body static and dynamic balance in the middle-aged men.

[The effects of endurance training on IL-18 and IL-10 in athero-genic ApoE-/- mice].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of endurance training on interleukin-18(IL-18) and IL-10 in atherogenice apolipoprotein E gene knockout(ApoE-/-)mice and explore its possible mechanism preventing atherosclerosis occurrence. METHODS: Twenty male ApoE-/- mice (age:8 weeks) were randomly divided into atherosclerosis(AS)model group(AC) and exercise group(AE) and chose male C57BL/6J mice (age:8 weeks) as control group (CC). After 12 weeks, the aortic trunk closed heart was prepared for frozen section, which were used to observe the changes of plaque area and pathology. The expressions of IL-18 and IL-10 proteins and the levels of blood IL-18 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: ① Twelve weeks high fat diet significantly resulted in typical AS lesion, however, endurance training markedly decreased AS plaque area and pathology in ApoE-/- mice(P<0.01). ②Compared with CC group, serum IL-18 and IL-10 levels were significantly increased in AC group and AE group and IL-18/IL-10 ratio was also increased markedly in AE group(P<0.01). Serum IL-18 level and IL-18/IL-10 ratio in AE group were all significantly lower than those in AC group (P<0.01).③Compared with CC group, the expressions of IL-10 and IL-18 proteins in aorta were significantly increased in AC group and AE group (P<0.01). The expression of IL-10 protein in aorta in AE group was markedly higher than that in AC group but IL-18 protein expression was significantly lower. CONCLUSIONS: Endurance training can prevent AS appeared through enhancing aortic anti-inflammatory capability by decreasing serum and aortic IL-18 levels and by increasing serum and aortic IL-10 level.

[The effects of high fat diet and endurance exercise on the aorta wall structure of experimental animal].

OBJECTIVE: Based on high fat diet induced the model of atherosclerosis (AS) in C57BL/6J mice, authors studied the effect of endurance exercise on the atherosclerostic formation. METHODS: Forty eight 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups randomly (n=12): control (group N), 12-week atherosclerosis model group(group H), 12-week atherosclerosis model plus 11-week treadmill training group (group H + E) and 22-week atherosclerosis model group (group HS). Then, we observed the effects of endurance exercise on the ultra structure of aorta by electron microscope. RESULTS: Twenty weeks of high fat diet could result in serious AS in mice while endurance exercise could significantly antagonize or restrain the occur of AS. In addition, 10 weeks of endurance exercise could alleviate the symptom of pathological changes which already happened on aorta wall. CONCLUSION: It indicated that endurance exercise could effectively prevent and cure AS that induced by high fat diet.