ABSTRACT
Green plum is popular due to its tasty flavor and nutritional benefits. This study investigated the volatiles of oils extracted from the green plum seed using the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry. A total of 42 volatiles were identified in the oil of green plum seed kernel and shell. By principal component analysis, a distinct separation between the seed kernel oil and shell oil was observed. The gallery plot showed that seed kernel oil had more desirable flavor compounds, such as ethyl acetate, 1-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, and 2-heptanone. However, seed shell oil contained more alkenals with a fatty odor and acetic acid with a pungent odor. The green plum seed oils were rich in oleic acid (>45 g/100 g), linoleic acid (>35 g/100 g), and minor bioactive components, i.e., tocopherol, phytosterol, and squalene. The shell oil had more total tocopherol (95.35 mg/kg) and ß-Sitosterol (80.70 %) compared to kernel oil. Therefore, green plum seed oil can be sustainably used as an edible oil.
ABSTRACT
Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed is a primary source of edible vegetable oil and possesses a high nutritional value, making them extremely beneficial to humanity. To promote the extraction process of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil, the effect of microwave heating time (700 W for 0, 2, 4, and 6 min) on lipid composition, chemical properties, and antioxidant activity of oils was studied. The results showed that the oil yield of the seed increased with the microwave heating time. Besides, microwave heating time significantly affects (p < 0.05) DPPH and tocopherols, and the IC50 value of DPPH was highest with microwave heating for 6 min, whatever the shells are reserved. The tocopherol content was highest with microwave heating for 2 min in the seed shell oil, which was 1930.60 mg/kg. The longer microwave heating time could improve the oil yield and antioxidant activity of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil. The seed shell also affects chemical properties, fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, and tocopherol contents of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil. The Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed shell oil has higher DPPH and tocopherols contents than seed kernel oil, while seed kernel oils showed higher oil yield and acid value. Our finding is valuable for manufacturers to choose suitable means to produce Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil of required qualities and chemical compositions for targeted use.
