Pityriasiform drug eruption associated with venetoclax for acute myeloid leukaemia.

Venetoclax is a targeted antileukaemic therapy that has emerged as the primary treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia in patients of advanced age or who would otherwise be ineligible for standard chemotherapy. Despite the documented evidence of cutaneous side effects of venetoclax, few reports have clarified presenting cutaneous features beyond the descriptors 'rash' and 'pruritus'. In this report, we describe the development of a pityriasiform drug eruption following venetoclax-based induction therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. This study provides further evidence to characterise the range of cutaneous adverse events that are associated with venetoclax-based therapy. Further studies are needed to elucidate the epidemiology and pathophysiology of venetoclax-induced cutaneous toxicities.

Cytokine/Chemokine assessment as a complementary diagnostic tool for inflammatory skin diseases.

Inflammatory skin conditions are the 4th leading cause of non-fatal health burden in the general population worldwide. The diagnosis of skin lesions due to systemic drug reactions, viral or bacterial exanthems, or in patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis or contact dermatitis is often difficult and relies heavily upon conventional histopathologic examination. Conversely, it is widely accepted that the cutaneous profile of inflammatory markers, or 'inflammatory signature', is differentially expressed in various skin conditions. In this pilot study, we investigated the possibility of inflammatory skin disease diagnosis from an immunological perspective in small punch biopsies. We collected lesional and perilesional punch biopsies from 139 patients suffering from a variety of inflammatory skin conditions and attending the Dermatology Department at the Princess Alexandra Hospital in Brisbane, Australia. Using bead-based immunoassays we were able to measure 13 out of 17 inflammatory markers from a pre-selected multi-analyte panel and to detect significant differences between lesional and perilesional biopsies from each individual patient. Hierarchical and unbiased clustering methods based on inflammatory signatures grouped psoriasis and atopic dermatitis lesions into individual clusters in contrast to other skin conditions, highlighting the potential of inflammatory signatures to be used as diagnostic differentiators and to inform alternative targets in anti-inflammatory treatment strategies.