ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Although colon (COAD) and rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) combined to refer to colorectal cancer (CRC), substantial clinical evidence urged that CRC should be treated as two different cancers due to compared with READ, COAD showed higher morbidity and worse 5-year survival. OBJECTIVES: This study has tried to screen for the crucial gene that caused the worse prognosis and investigate its mechanism for mediating tumor growth and metastases in COAD. Meanwhile, the potential anti-COAD compound implicated in this mechanism was identified and testified from 1,855 food-borne chemical kits. This study aims to bring a new perspective to the development of new anti-COAD drugs and personalized medicine for patients with COAD. METHODS AND RESULTS: The survival-related hub genes in COAD and READ were screened out from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the results showed that HIGD1A, lower expressed in COAD than in READ, was associated with poor prognosis in COAD patients, but not in READ. Over-expressed HIGD1A suppressed CRC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, the different expressed microRNA profiles between COAD and READ showed that miR-501-3p was highly expressed in COAD and inhibited HIGD1A expression by targeting 3'UTR of HIGD1A. MiR-501-3p mimics promoted cell proliferation and metastasis in CRC cells. In addition, Procyanidin C1 (PCC1), a kind of natural polyphenol has been verified as a potential miR-501-3p inhibitor. In vitro and in vivo, PCC1 promoted HIGD1A expression by suppressing miR-501-3p and resulted in inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. CONCLUSION: The present study verified that miR-501-3p/HIGD1A axis mediated tumor growth and metastasis in COAD. PCC1, a flavonoid that riched in food exerts anti-COAD effects by inhibiting miR-501-3p and results in the latter losing the ability to suppress HIGD1A expression. Subsequently, unfettered HIGD1A inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in COAD.
ABSTRACT
In situ alkylation or protonation reactions on the thiazolyl-N donors of benzothiazole (btz) and its derivative 2-aminobenzothiazole (abtz) occurred to form four structure directing agents (SDAs), which feature different structure directing abilities and hydrophobicities. The thiazolyl-N alkylated and protonated btz cations direct to form an α-type (AgI2)- iodoargentate chain in (Etbtz)(AgI2) (1), (Prbtz)(AgI2) (2), and (Hbtz)(AgI2) (3), respectively, while the thiazolyl-N protonated abtz cation directs to form a new type of (Ag2I3)- anionic chain in (Habtz)(Ag2I3) (4). Compounds 1 and 4 represent the first noncentrosymmetric (NCS) hybrid iodoargentates with organic S-containing N-heterocycle derivative cations as SDAs. Further, 1 exhibits high water stability and is second harmonic generation (SHG) active with a response about twice that of KDP (KH2PO4). Importantly, the water stability studies indicate that hybrid iodoargentates with hydrophobic N-alkylated SDAs are more stable in water than those with relative hydrophilic N-protonated SDAs.
ABSTRACT
Two novel metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) [Cd3(padc)(Hpadc)(H2padc)(H2O)]n·nH2O (1, H3padc = pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid) and [Co4(pidc)2(Hpidc)4(H2O)3]n·12nH2O (2, H2pidc = pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid), that both crystallize in polar space groups, were solvothermally synthesized by using achiral N,O-coordinated ligands. Compound 1 consists of trinuclear Cd(II)-based units that are further bridged by the backbone of H3padc ligands to form a three-dimensional (3-D) (4,6)-connected fsc topology network, while compound 2 features two types of double-helical tubes with different chiralities connecting with each other alternatively to construct a typical 2-D (3,6)-connected kgd topology network. Importantly, 1 exhibits combined properties of photoluminescence (PL) and second harmonic generation (SHG), and represents the first noncentrosymmetric H3padc-based MOF that was obtained without any ancillary ligands. While 2 shows strong antiferromagnetic interactions between paramagnetic Co(II) centers, and the aqueous solution of 2 exhibits effective homogeneous photocatalysis properties under visible irradiation. Further, the mechanisms of the physical properties of 1 and 2 are discussed in detail.
ABSTRACT
Effects of river (Yangtze River)-lake (Poyang Lake) relation on the distribution and potential ecological risk of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd were investigated in surface sediment of Poyang Lake under different waterregimens. The results indicated: (1) the sediments of Poyang Lake were polluted by various concentrations of heavy metals mainly originated from particulates of Yangtze River, and Cu and Pb were the main pollution factors. The pollution level of determined heavy metals followed the order of Cu > Pb > Zn > Cr >Cd. The concentration ranges of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd in the sediment of Poyang Lake were 13.1-108.1 mg.kg-1 , 37-119.1 mg.kg-1, 29.9-129.9 mgkg-1, 13.3-98.6 mgkg-1 and 0. 19-2.77 mg.kg-1 during the wet period, and 3.05-69.7 mg.kg-1, 27.5-105 mgkg-1, 18.8-95.4 mg.kg-1, 7.34-70 mg.kg- and 0.033-0.406 mg.kg-1 during the dry period respectively. The region with the highest heavy metal concentrations was located in water input area of the " Five River" and water output area of " Hukou" ; (2)The regions with high risk of heavy metals in sediment were mainly located in the area of the trail of "Five Rivers" during the wet period; while during the dry period, the area with high risk of heavy metals in sediment enlarged, which was not only limited in the area of the trail of "Five Rivers", but also enlarged northwards. The potential ecological risk of "Hukou" was relatively high, however, the potential ecological risk of the sediment in the whole lake during the dry period was lower than that during the wet period. (3) With the change of river-lake relation, water level rose, the maintaining time was shortened during the wet period, the dry season appeared ahead of schedule, the transformation course of Poyang Lake from "Lake morphology" to " River morphology" increased, and the typical river properties were enhanced, which resulted in the decreased potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediment of the whole lake, however, the area of high risk-region was enlarged northwards.
