ABSTRACT
Objective: To summarize the situation of antineoplastic agents-induced interstitial lung diseases (ILD), provide reference for strengthening clinical management of druginduced interstitial lung diseases (DILD). Methods: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of 12 patients with antineoplastic agents-induced ILD in a hospital between January and December 2020. Data collected included patients' characteristic (gender, age, ECOG PS score, smoking history, primary tumor, concurrent diseases or complications.) and treatment conditions (DILD-causing drugs, clinical symptoms, chest CT, DILD treatment drugs, onset cycle, onset time, severity of DILD, DILD course and prognosis.). Results: The median age of 12 DILD cases was 68%, 66.67% of the patients were male, lung cancer accounted for 58.33% (7/12). DILD was induced by cytotoxicity drugs, targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), of which ICIs accounted for 66.67% (8/12). Scattered patchy, cord-like, grid-like or flocculent shadows were observed on chest CT, mainly under the pleura of lungs. Once DILD occurs, the suspected antineoplastic agents were stopped and glucocorticoid was given, among which 83.33% (10/12) patients were treated with antibiotics. Finally, 16.67% (2/12) were cured, 33.33% (4/12) were improved, 16.67% (2/12) were not cured and 33.33% (4/12) were dead. Conclusion: Antineoplastic agents-induced ILD is mostly found in elderly male lung cancer patients with smoking history. The clinical symptoms of DILD are diverse and lack of specificity. ICIs-ILD has the characteristic of high incidence and poor prognosis compared with other antineoplastic agents. Comprehensive evaluation before medication, regular review, early and adequate glucocorticoid shock therapy after onset can improve the prognosis of DILD patients.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to investigate the role of inflammatory markers, including the interleukin-6 (IL-6), matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9), tumor necrotic factor α (TNF-α), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the early restenosis after the application of femoral arterial stent. According to this, serum samples were collected from the patients who accepted the implantation of arterial stents due to the atherosclerotic occlusive disease in the lower extremities at the following timepoints: 24 h before implantation, 24 h, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after implantation. With the samples, we detected the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-9 by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum, levels of ET-1 in plasma by using the non-balanced method of radioimmunity assay and the activity of NOS by using the chemical analysis. Results showed that during the 6-month follow-up, 15 patients (15.31%) reported restenosis; at postoperative 24 h, the level of IL-6 in the restenosis group was much lower than that of the non-restenosis group (P < 0.05), while the level of MMP-9 was higher than that of the non-restenosis group (P < 0.01); besides, at postoperative 24 h, 1, 3, and 6 months after the operation, the average level of ET-1 in the restenosis group was higher than that in the non-restenosis group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). In the restenosis group, the level of NOS in the serum of patients after the implantation of the stent decreased evidently, which was rescued by the treatment of atorvastatin in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). In conclusion, at postoperative 24 h, the levels of IL-6 and MMP-9 increased, while the level of NOS decreased, and the level of ET-1 in the plasma of restenosis patients keeps higher than the baseline.
Subject(s)
Interleukin-6 , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 , Humans , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Stents , Nitric Oxide SynthaseABSTRACT
A stable, 22.9 W, 671 nm single-frequency laser using a type II noncritically phase-matched external-cavity frequency doubling is demonstrated. The output power of the fundamental laser is 32.1 W; the corresponding conversion efficiency of frequency doubling from 1342 to 671 nm is calculated to be 71.3%. The M2 factors are measured to be 1.10 and 1.08 in the x and y directions, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, 22.9 W is the highest power obtained for a 671 nm single-frequency laser.
ABSTRACT
We present a power-scalable high-power single-frequency continuous-wave 1342 nm master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system that consists of a polarized single-frequency 1342 nm LD seed laser, a Raman fiber preamplifier, and a three-stage ${\rm Nd}:{{\rm YVO}_4}$Nd:YVO4 power amplifier. The single-frequency output power of 30 W at 1342 nm is achieved with the beam quality factors ${{\rm M}^{2\:}} = {1}.{26}$M2=1.26, and the power stability for 1 h is better than ${\pm }\;{0}.{5}\% $±0.5%.
ABSTRACT
We report a high-energy single-frequency deep-ultraviolet (DUV) solid-state laser at 167.079 nm by the eighth-harmonic generation of a diode-pumped Nd:LGGG laser. A maximum DUV laser output energy of 1.5 µJ at a 5 Hz repetition rate with a 200 µs pulse duration is achieved. The central wavelength of the DUV laser is located at 167.079 nm and can be finely tuned from 167.075 to 167.083 nm. The linewidth is estimated to be 0.025 pm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Letter reporting a high-energy single-frequency solid-state DUV laser below 170 nm. The successful demonstration of the high-energy single-frequency DUV laser source with the unique wavelength is useful for direct detection of a Al+27 ion via resonance fluorescence in a multi-ion optical clock.
